Gelsevirine ameliorates sepsis-associated encephalopathy by inhibiting the STING signalling-mediated pyroptosis pathway in microglia.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is among the most prevalent and deadly complications associated with sepsis, but satisfactory treatments and therapeutic agents are lacking. Gelsevirine, an active ingredient derived from Gelsemium elegans Benth., has shown promising effects in animal models of anxiety, ischaemic stroke and osteoarthritis.

Regulation effect of koumine on T-helper cell polarization in rheumatoid arthritis.

Koumine, an alkaloid, exerts therapeutic effects against rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and thus may have a potential application in novel treatment strategies against this disease. Herein, we investigated the regulatory effect of koumine on Th cell polarization using a "pyramid" structure model to elucidate the mechanism underlying its therapeutic effect on RA. The third layer of the model comprises the cytokine secretion layer, in which the effects of koumine on the balance of Th-related cytokines were investigated in mice with collagen-induced arthritis (CIA).

Relationship between chromatin configuration and in vitro maturation ability in guinea pig oocytes.

Background: Germinal vesicle (GV) chromatin configurations of oocytes are proposed to be related to oocyte competence and may reflect the quality of oocyte. Currently, a limited number of published studies investigated the GV chromatin configurations of guinea pig oocytes.

Objective: In this study on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of guinea pig oocytes, we examined the changes in their GV chromatin configurations during meiotic progression.

Koumine modulates spinal microglial M1 polarization and the inflammatory response through the Notch-RBP-Jκ signaling pathway, ameliorating diabetic neuropathic pain in rats.

Background: Diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP), a complication of diabetes, has serious impacts on human health. As the pathogenesis of DNP is very complex, clinical treatments for DNP is limited. Koumine (KM) is an active ingredient extracted from Gelsemium elegans Benth.

Orally Administered Koumine Persists Longer in the Plasma of Aged Rats Than That of Adult Rats as Assessed by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Aging leads to changes in nearly all pharmacokinetic phases. Koumine (KM), an alkaloid derived from Benth., is effective against age-associated chronic diseases, but its dose proportionality following oral administration in aged individuals remains unknown.

Koumine exhibits anxiolytic properties without inducing adverse neurological effects on functional observation battery, open-field and Vogel conflict tests in rodents.

Koumine, an active alkaloid of neurotoxic plant Gelsemium, has been focused on its therapeutic uses, especially in central nervous system. Nevertheless, less is known about the neurological effects of koumine, which hampers its potential therapeutic exploitation. Moreover, as the anxiolytic potential of Gelsemium has raised many critical issues, its active principles on the anxiolytic and other neurological effects need to be further investigated.

Effects of Koumine on Adjuvant- and Collagen-Induced Arthritis in Rats.

To examine the effect of koumine, a Gelsemium alkaloid, on two experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) and collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) were administered koumine (0.6, 3, or 15 mg/kg/day) or vehicle through gastric gavage (i.g.

Medicinal plants of the genus Gelsemium (Gelsemiaceae, Gentianales)--a review of their phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and traditional use.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: In the genus Gelsemium, Gelsemium elegans (Gardn. & Champ.) Benth.

The active alkaloids of Gelsemium elegans Benth. are potent anxiolytics.

Rationale: An increasing number of herbal products has been introduced to treat anxiety and depression. Gelsemium elegans Benth (G. elegans) is a well-known herbal plant in Asia.

Effects of koumine, an alkaloid of Gelsemium elegans Benth., on inflammatory and neuropathic pain models and possible mechanism with allopregnanolone.

Crude alkaloidal extraction from Gelsemium elegans Benth. produces analgesic property. However, its clinical utility has been obstructed by its narrow therapeutic index.

Gelsenicine from Gelsemium elegans attenuates neuropathic and inflammatory pain in mice.

Gelsemium elegans BENTH and its crude extract are widely used to treat pain in China despite its apparent toxicity. The analgesic effects of gelsenicine, an active component of G. elegans, however, have not been reported.

Preparative separation of alkaloids from Gelsemium elegans Benth. using pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography.

Alkaloids in Gelsemium elegans possess a variety of therapeutic properties, including tumor suppression, analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. In China, G. elegans has been used for centuries to treat a variety of medical conditions, including chronic pain and skin ulcer.

Histological and ultrastructural changes induced by selenium in early experimental gastric carcinogenesis.

Aim: To investigate the effect and significance of selenium in early experimental gastric carcinogenesis.

Methods: Weaning male Wistar rats were divided randomly into normal control group, experiment control group, low selenium (2 mg/L) group and high selenium (4 mg/L) group. Wistar rat gastric carcinogenesis was induced by N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitroso guanidine (MNNG) (20 mg/kg) gavage daily for 10 d.