The functions of herpesvirus shuttling proteins in the virus lifecycle.

During viral infection, the transport of various proteins between the nucleus and cytoplasm plays an important role in the viral lifecycle. Shuttling proteins are key factors in the transmission of nucleocytoplasmic information within cells and usually contain nuclear localization signals and nuclear export signals to mediate correct positioning for themselves and other proteins. The nucleocytoplasmic transport process is carried out through the nuclear pore complex on the nuclear envelope and is mediated by specific protein carriers.

Identification and subcellular localization of proteins that interact with Duck plague virus pUL14 in infected host cells.

Duck plague (DP), which is caused by duck plague virus (DPV), is an infectious disease that severely harms the waterfowl breeding industry. The UL14 protein (pUL14) is a tegument protein encoded by the UL14 gene, which is located in the unique long (UL) region of the DPV genome. DPV pUL14 plays a crucial role in viral replication, likely by interacting with host and viral proteins that have yet to be identified.

Co-production of fermentable sugars and highly active lignin from eucalyptus via a mild preprocessing with diethylene glycol and chromic chloride.

Eucalyptus was pretreated with diethylene glycol catalyzed by 0.02 mol/L CrCl for 10 min, resulting in 91 % delignification and 98 % cellulose recovery, with trace fermentation inhibitors generated. After the mild pretreatment, the accessibility and affinity of cellulase to eucalyptus was enhanced, especially since enzyme adsorption rate increased by 1.

E-M349E and NS2A/2B-P1(T) are compensatory mutations of rDTMUV-NS2AB-P1P1'(AA), which regain virus proliferation by enhancing the virus package and restoring NS2A/2B cleavage.

Duck Tembusu virus (DTMUV) belongs to the Flaviviridae family and mainly infects ducks. The genome of DTMUV is translated into a polyprotein, which is further cleaved into several protein by viral NS2B3 protease and host proteases. Crucially, the cleavage of the NS2A/2B precursor during this process is essential for the formation of replication complexes and viral packaging.

Functional characterization of two TolC in the resistance to drugs and metals and in the virulence of .

(RA) is a notorious duck pathogen, characterized by a multitude of serotypes that exhibit no cross-reaction with one another. Moreover, RA is resistant to various antibacterial agents. Consequently, understanding the mechanisms behind resistance and identifying potential targets for drug development have become pressing needs.

Enhancing ethylene glycol and ferric chloride pretreatment of rice straw by low-pressure carbon dioxide to improve enzymatic saccharification.

Ethylene glycol and ferric chloride pretreatment assisted by low-pressure carbon dioxide (1 MPa CO) realized the targeted deconstruction of lignocelluloses at 170 °C for 5 min, achieving 98 % cellulose recovery with removal of 92 % lignin and 90 % hemicellulose. After the pretreatment, the formation of stable platform mono-phenol components would be with the destruction of the lignin-carbohydrate complexes structure, and the surface of rice straw became rough, with a less negative charge and higher specific surface area, while the enzyme adsorption rate increased by 8.1 times.

Substitutions at Loop Regions of TMUV E Protein Domain III Differentially Impair Viral Entry and Assembly.

Flavivirus envelope protein (E) plays an important role in cellular infection, especially in virulence and antigenicity. E domain III of Tembusu virus (TMUV) is highly conserved among flaviviruses and contains four loop regions. However, the functions of the loop regions of TMUV E domain III in the viral life cycle have not yet been discovered.

An Exposed Outer Membrane Hemin-Binding Protein Facilitates Hemin Transport by a TonB-Dependent Receptor in Riemerella anatipestifer.

Iron is an essential element for the replication of most bacteria, including Riemerella anatipestifer, a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen of ducks and other birds. R. anatipestifer utilizes hemoglobin-derived hemin as an iron source; however, the mechanism by which this bacterium acquires hemin from hemoglobin is largely unknown.

Incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis among the elderly population in China: a prospective cohort study.

Background: China is facing challenges of the shifting presentation of tuberculosis (TB) from younger to elderly due to an ageing population, longer life expectancy and reactivation disease. However, the burden of elderly TB and influence factors are not yet clear. To fill the gap, we generated a cohort study to measure the magnitude of TB incidence and associated factors among the elderly population aged 65 years and above in China.

miRNA-10a promotes cancer cell proliferation in oral squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating GLUT1 and promoting glucose metabolism.

MicroRNA-10a (miRNA-10a) promotes lung cancer; however, to the best of our knowledge, its involvement in other cancer types is unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the role of miRNA-10a in oral cancer. Expression levels of miRNA-10a and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) in tumor tissues and adjacent healthy tissues obtained from patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

Effects of drying pretreatment and particle size adjustment on the composting process of discarded flue-cured tobacco leaves.

The main characteristic of discarded flue-cured tobacco leaves is their high nicotine content. Aerobic composting is an effective method to decrease the nicotine level in tobacco leaves and stabilize tobacco wastes. However, high levels of nicotine in discarded flue-cured tobacco leaves complicate tobacco waste composting.

[Optimization of the formulation of ranolazine hydrochloride sustained-release tablet and its pharmacokinetics in dogs].

Ranolazine hydrochloride sustained-release tablet (RH-ST) was prepared and its release behavior in vitro was studied. The pharmacokinetic characteristics and bioavailability in six Beagle dogs after oral administration of RH-ST and ranolazine hydrochloride common tablets (RH-CT) as reference were compared. Three kinds of matrix, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC K4M), ethylcellulose (EC 100cp) and acrylic resins (Eudragit RL100) were selected as functional excipients to keep ranolazine hydrochloride (RH) release for 12 hours.

[Comparative study of the clinical effects of three different functional appliances on the treatment of skeletal class II malocclusion].

Objective: To evaluate whether there was any difference on the clinical effects of Twin-block, Activator and Herbst appliances on the clinical effects of growing children with skeletal Class II malocclusion.

Methods: 60 patients with skeletal Angle Class II malocclusion were divided into three groups (Twin-block group, Activator group, Herbst group), 20 in each group. The patients of three groups were respectively treated by Twin-block, Activator and Herbst appliances.

The functions of Deoxyribonuclease II in immunity and development.

Apoptosis, which is usually accompanied by DNA degradation, is important not only for the homeostasis of metazoans but also for mammalian development. If DNA is not properly degraded in these processes, it can cause diverse diseases, such as anemia, cataracts, and some autoimmune diseases. A large effort has been made to identify these nucleases that are responsible for these effects.

Proteomic analysis of foam cells.

Foam cells are characteristic pathological cells in the lesions of atherosclerosis. Previous works have established macrophage-derived foam cell model to study the central role of the foam cells, and analyzed the protein expression profiles in foam cells. The reported in vitro foam cell model was established by incubating the human U937 cells with oxidized low-density lipoprotein.

Identification of metastasis candidate proteins among HCC cell lines by comparative proteome and biological function analysis of S100A4 in metastasis in vitro.

Widespread metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was a complex cascade of events, which is still beyond full appreciation. Screening key proteins, which play a critical role in metastasis, using high-throughput proteomics approach help discover valuable biomarkers and elucidate the mechanism of metastasis. This study was to find out some metastasis candidate proteins among HCC cell lines with various metastatic potential by comparative proteomics, and then further validate the biological function of these proteins in metastasis in vitro.