[Simulation of cropland soil moisture based on an ensemble Kalman filter].

By using an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to assimilate the observed soil moisture data, the modified boreal ecosystem productivity simulator (BEPS) model was adopted to simulate the dynamics of soil moisture in winter wheat root zones at Xuzhou Agro-meteorological Station, Jiangsu Province of China during the growth seasons in 2000-2004. After the assimilation of observed data, the determination coefficient, root mean square error, and average absolute error of simulated soil moisture were in the ranges of 0.626-0.

[Forest canopy leaf area index in Maoershan Mountain: ground measurement and remote sensing retrieval].

Leaf area index (LAI) is one of the most important structural parameters of terrestrial ecosystem, while the remote sensing retrieval and the ground optical instrument measurement and based on canopy gap model are the effective approaches to rapidly obtain LAI. However, these two approaches can only acquire effective LAI (LAI(e)), due to the clumping of vegetation canopy. Taking the experimental forest farm of Northeast Forestry University at Maoershan Mountain in Heilongjiang Province of Northeast China as study site, this paper measured the forest canopy LAI(e) by LAI2000, and estimated the LAI by the combination of TRAC (tracing radiation and architecture of canopies) measurement of foliage clumping index.