Immune modulation of buffalo peripheral blood mononuclear cells by two asparaginyl endopeptidases from Fasciola gigantica.

Background: Fascioliasis is a zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantica, which poses a serious threat to global public health and livestock farming. Fasciola gigantica secretes and excretes various components to manipulate the immune response, thereby enhancing its invasion, migration, and survival in vivo. However, the roles of specific components in immune modulation, such as asparagine endopeptidase, remain unknown.

Aldehyde group pendant-grafted pectin-based injectable hydrogel.

Periodate oxidation has been the widely accepted route for obtaining aldehyde group-functionalized polysaccharides but significantly influenced the various physicochemical properties due to the ring opening of the backbone of polysaccharides. The present study, for the first time, presents a novel method for the preparation of aldehyde group-functionalized polysaccharides that could retain the ring structure and the consequent rigidity of the backbone. Pectin was collected as the representative of polysaccharides and modified with cyclopropyl formaldehyde to obtain pectin aldehyde (AP), which was further crosslinked by DL-lysine (LYS) via the Schiff base reaction to prepare injectable hydrogel.

Biotransformation of gallate esters by a pH-stable tannase of mangrove-derived yeast .

Tannase is a crucial enzyme that finds wide applications in the pharmaceutical industry, feed processing, and beverage manufacturing. Although extensive studies have been conducted on tannases from fungi and bacteria, reports on tannases exhibiting favorable pH stability are relatively limited. Methods: In this study, a tannin-degrading strain was screened to induce tannase production, and the corresponding tannase coding gene TANF was successfully cloned and expressed in .

Author Correction: Universal mechanical exfoliation of large-area 2D crystals.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Universal mechanical exfoliation of large-area 2D crystals.

Two-dimensional materials provide extraordinary opportunities for exploring phenomena arising in atomically thin crystals. Beginning with the first isolation of graphene, mechanical exfoliation has been a key to provide high-quality two-dimensional materials, but despite improvements it is still limited in yield, lateral size and contamination. Here we introduce a contamination-free, one-step and universal Au-assisted mechanical exfoliation method and demonstrate its effectiveness by isolating 40 types of single-crystalline monolayers, including elemental two-dimensional crystals, metal-dichalcogenides, magnets and superconductors.

[Construction, Expression of hERα-LBD Prokaryotic Vector and the Activity of Expressed Protein].

Objectives: To construct the prokaryotic expression system of estrogen receptor α ligand bingding domain (hERα-LBD) and to evaluate the estrogen receptor ligand binding activity of the expressed protein.

Methods: -LBD was amplicated from the plasmid of -LBD by PCR, the identified PCR product was ligated with pGEM-T-easy vector to generate pGM-T- -LBD. After the confirmation, the -LBD fragments were obtained by enzyme digestion and inserted into pET-28a.

Crystal structure of 1,1'-bis-(2-meth-oxy-carbonyl-2-methyl-prop-yl)ferrocene.

The Fe atom in the title ferrocene derivative, [Fe(C11H15O2)2], is situated on an inversion centre. As a result of the point-group symmetry -1 of the mol-ecule, the ferrocene moiety adopts a staggered conformation. The average Fe-C(Cp) bond length (Cp is cyclo-penta-dien-yl) is 2.

Growth of single-crystal Ca10(Pt4As8)(Fe(1.8)Pt(0.2)As2)5 nanowhiskers with superconductivity up to 33 K.

Single-crystal Ca(10)(Pt(4)As(8))(Fe(1.8)Pt(0.2)As(2))(5) superconducting (SC) nanowhiskers with widths down to hundreds of nanometers were successfully grown in a Ta capsule in an evacuated quartz tube by a flux method.

[Application of computer aided design-computer aided manufacture technique in mandible defect reconstruction with individual titanium prosthesis].

Objective: To investigate the application of computer aided design-computer aided manufacture (CAD-CAM) technique in the reconstruction of mandible defect with individual titanium prosthesis.

Methods: Six patients with large mandibular ramus and angle tumor were spiral CT scanned preoperatively, and the CAD-CAM was used to design and make individual titanium prosthesis for reconstructing the mandibular defects after resection of the tumor. The prosthesis were assembled during operation.

[Application of three dimensional model in evaluating the effect of artificial bone implantation of hard cleft palate on the development of maxilla].

Objective: To observe the effect of artificial bone implantation of hard cleft palate on the development of maxilla.

Methods: From January 1997 to December 1999, 40 patients with hard cleft palate were randomly divided into two groups: control group and implantation group (n = 20 each). The patients in the implantation group received an implantation of compound artificial bone of HA-Bone cement.

[Computer-aided design in double-step distraction osteogenesis of unilateral mandibular segmental defects reconstruction].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of using computer-aided design (CAD) in double-step distraction osteogenesis in the reconstruction of mandibular segmental defects after tumor resection.

Methods: Eight cases of unilateral mandibular segmental defects were reconstructed using distraction osteogenesis secondary to oncologic surgery, with the help of CT and CAD system. The mandibular body was lengthened first, and then the residual defect of mandibular ramus was restored using a distraction device.

[Soft tissue profile changes in micrognathia after distraction osteogenesis].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of distraction osteogenesis for severe micrognathia by comparing the pre- and post-operative profile and mentolabial relationship.

Methods: 16 cases underwent temporal-mandibular joint plasty and temporal fasciomuscular flap transfer. The mandibular distraction began at the 5th postoperative day at a rate of 0.

[Double-step distraction osteogenesis in the reconstruction of unilateral mandibular segmental defects after tumor resection].

Objective: To investigate the application of double-step distraction osteogenesis in the reconstruction of mandibular segmental defects after tumor resection.

Methods: From January 2002 to December 2006, six cases of post-tumor unilateral mandibular segmental defects were reconstructed using distraction osteogenesis. The mandibular body was lengthened first, following by mandibular ramus distraction.

[Application of computer aided design/computer aided manufactured techniques in mandible defect reconstruction].

Objective: To investigate the application of CAD/CAM technique in reconstruction of mandible defect.

Methods: Before surgery, three-dimensional computed tomography was performed in 23 patients with mandible lesions, then the CT data were transformed into a readable format to produce facsimile models by using rapid prototyping (RP) techniques. When individual mandibular models were produced, evaluation and surgical simulation were performed on the model, which included measuring range of mandible lesions, prefabrication of mandibular reconstructive titanium plates or distractors, ascertaining precise position of transport disk, and shaping the free vascularized fibula, etc.

[Application of CAD/CAM techniques in mandible large-scale defect and reconstruction with vascularized fibular bone graft].

Objective: To exploit computer-aided design and computer-aided manufactured (CAD/CAM) techniques and application in the reconstruction of mandible large-scale defect with vascularized fibular bone graft.

Methods: Before actually performing surgery, three-dimensional(3D) computed tomography(CT) was performed in 7 patients with mandibular large-scale defects, and 3D CT images were acquired by processing CT data. Then the CT data were transformed into a readable format and transferred to produce facsimile models by means of using rapid prototyping(RP) techniques.

[The application of three dimensional craniomaxillofacial model in the restoration of mandibular bone defects with vascularized fibular autograft].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of applying the three dimensional craniomaxillofacial model technique in the restoration of mandibular defects with vascularized fibular autograft.

Methods: Three dimensional craniomaxillofacial models of 24 patients with mandibular defects were achieved by CT scan and rapid prototype technique. Surgery simulation and individual prefabricated titanium board were designed on the models.

[The effect of artificial bone implantation in cleft palate on the development of maxilla].

Objective: To research the influence of palate bone implantation to the growth of maxilla in three dimensional direction.

Methods: 40 patients of congenital cleft palate type II with palate board damage were stochastically divide into the comparison group and bone planted group. In bone planted group, HA-Bone cement was used to repair palate tabular damage.