Hyperactivation of succinate dehydrogenase promotes pyroptosis of macrophage via ROS-induced GSDMD oligomerization in acute liver failure.

Acute liver failure (ALF) is a life-threatening disease with high mortality. Given excessive inflammation is one of the major pathogenesis of ALF, candidates targeting inflammation could be beneficial in the condition. Now the effect of hyperactivated succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) on promoting inflammation in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages has been studied.

Comparison of the Efficacy and Safety of Different Doses of Linaclotide for Patients with Chronic Constipation: A Meta-Analysis and Bayesian Analysis.

Background: It is ambiguous whether a higher dose of linaclotide provides higher efficacy for chronic constipation (CC) patients. The meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of linaclotide doses ranging from 62.5 g to 600 g for CC patients.

A meta-analysis of the association between obesity and COVID-19.

Owing to limited data, we conducted a meta-analysis to re-evaluate the relationship between obesity and coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). Literature published between 1 January 2020 and 22 August 2020 was comprehensively analysed, and RevMan3.5 was used for data analysis.

C5a/C5aR pathway is essential for up-regulating SphK1 expression through p38-MAPK activation in acute liver failure.

Aim: To investigate the role of the complement 5a (C5a)/C5a receptor (C5aR) pathway in the pathogenesis of acute liver failure (ALF) in a mouse model.

Methods: BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to different groups, and intraperitoneal injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) (600 mg/kg and 10 μg/kg) were used to induce ALF. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.

Sphingosine kinase 1 dependent protein kinase C-δ activation plays an important role in acute liver failure in mice.

Aim: To investigate the role of protein kinase C (PKC)-δ activation in the pathogenesis of acute liver failure (ALF) in a well-characterized mouse model of D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALF.

Methods: BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to five groups, and ALF was induced in mice by intraperitoneal injection of D-GaIN (600 mg/kg) and LPS (10 μg/kg). Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.

Inhibition of sphingosine kinase 1 ameliorates acute liver failure by reducing high-mobility group box 1 cytoplasmic translocation in liver cells.

Aim: To determine the therapeutic potential of sphingosine kinase 1 (Sphk1) inhibition and its underlying mechanism in a well-characterized mouse model of D-galactosamine (D-GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute liver failure (ALF).

Methods: Balb/c mice were randomly assigned to different groups, with ALF induced by intraperitoneal injection of D-GaIN (600 mg/kg) and LPS (10 μg/kg). The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis.

Liuweiwuling tablets attenuate acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury and promote liver regeneration in mice.

Aim: To explore the mechanism of protection against acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury by Liuweiwuling tablets.

Methods: Intraperitoneal injections of acetaminophen (250 mg/kg) were used to induce acute liver injury in male C57BL/6 mice. A total of 24 healthy mice were randomly assigned to two groups: an acute liver injury group (control group) and a Liuweiwuling tablet group.

[The effects of different PAP domains on hepatitis B virus replication].

Objective: To investigate the effects of different PAP domains on hepatitis B virus replication.

Methods: The full length and two truncated PAP mutants were cloned into a eukaryotic expression plasmid, and were transfected into HepG2.2.

[Study of the effect of hepatitis C virus core protein on interferon-induced antiviral genes expression and its mechanisms].

To study the effect of HCV core protein on the interferon-induced antiviral genes expression and its mechanisms. Methods HepG2 cells were transiently transfected with HCV core protein expression plasmid and the blank plasmid respectively. RT-PCR was used to analyze the effect of HCV core protein on PKR and 2'-5'OAS expression.

N-terminal and C-terminal cytosine deaminase domain of APOBEC3G inhibit hepatitis B virus replication.

Aim: To investigate the effect of human apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic-polypeptide 3G (APOBEC3G) and its N-terminal or C-terminal cytosine deaminase domain-mediated antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in vitro and in vivo.

Methods: The mammalian hepatoma cells HepG2 and HuH7 were cotransfected with APOBEC3G and its N-terminal or C-terminal cytosine deaminase domain expression vector and 1.3-fold-overlength HBV DNA as well as the linear monomeric HBV of genotype B and C.

[Inhibition of hepatitis B and duck hepatitis B virus replication by APOBEC3G].

Objective: To investigate the effect of apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G) mediated antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) and duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV).

Methods: Total RNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), RT-PCR product was cloned into the EcoR I/Hind III restriction sites of the CMV-driven expression vector fused with a hemagglutinin fusion epitope tag at its carboxyl terminal. Replication competent 1.

Inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication by APOBEC3G in vitro and in vivo.

Aim: To investigate the effect of APOBEC3G mediated antiviral activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV) in cell cultures and replication competent HBV vector-based mouse model.

Methods: The mammalian hepatoma cells Huh7 and HepG2 were cotransfected with various amounts of CMV-driven expression vector encoding APOBEC3G and replication competent 1.3 fold over-length HBV.

[Detection of mutants of the "a" determinant region of hepatitis B surface antigen S gene among Wuhan childhood patients].

Objective: To investigate whether the presence of HBV mutant in vaccinees simply reflects the prevalence of HBV mutant in a specific geographic area or is indeed due to the immune pressure induced by vaccination.

Methods: HBV S genes were amplified by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequence analysis of the "a" determinant was performed on sera from 30 childhood patients with immunoprophylaxis and 30 patients without vaccinations.

Results: Mutations of the "a" determinant were detected in 8 of the 60 patients.

[Distribution of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Hubei province and its clinical significance].

Objective: To investigate the distribution of hepatitis B virus genotype in Hubei province (China) and its clinical significance.

Methods: Serum samples from 190 HBV DNA positive patients with chronic HBV infection,including 52 asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASC), 56 chronic hepatitis (CH), 32 fulminant hepatic failure (FHF), 22 liver cirrhosis (LC), and 28 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients were collected and tested for HBV genotypes by type-specific primers.

Results: A simple and precise genotyping system based on PCR using type-specific primers was developed for the determination of genotypes of hepatitis B virus (HBV).

[Susceptibility of 570 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains to 11 antimicrobial agents and the mechanism of its resistance to fluoroquinolones].

Objective: To investigate the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) to 11 antimicrobial agents and the mechanism of its resistance to fluoroquinolones (FQs).

Methods: The susceptibility of 570 strains of P.