During cortical development, radial glial cells (neural stem cells) initially are neurogenic, generating intermediate progenitor cells that exclusively produce glutamatergic pyramidal neurons. Next, radial glial cells generate tripotential intermediate progenitor cells (Tri-IPCs) that give rise to cortical astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and olfactory bulb interneurons. The molecular mechanisms underlying the transition from cortical neurogenesis to gliogenesis, and the subsequent fate determination of cortical astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and olfactory bulb interneurons, remain unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHere, we report the case of a 30-year-old male who presented with acute right calf muscle pain. Computed tomography angiography revealed a popliteal artery aneurysm in the midsection. Popliteal fossa muscle tissue evaluation revealed that the popliteal artery aneurysm was located beneath an anomalous muscle bundle.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndometriosis is a chronic condition with limited therapeutic options. The molecular aberrations promoting ectopic attachment and interactions with the local microenvironment sustaining lesion growth have been unclear, prohibiting development of targeted therapies. Here, we performed single-cell and spatial transcriptomic profiling of ectopic lesions and eutopic endometrium in endometriosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Human interleukin (IL)-37 is a constituent of the IL-1 family with potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive attributes. It has been demonstrated extensive beneficial effects on various diseases; however, its role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remains unclear.
Methods: , DCM mouse model was established with streptozotocin injection and a high-fat diet in WT and cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) specific hIL-37b overexpression mice (IL-37-Tg).
Objective: DNA methylation is a promising biomarker for cervical cancer screening. This study aimed to validate the triage performance of cytological DNA methylation for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) in women with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection from a large prospective cohort undergoing opportunistic screening in China (METHY3).
Methods: The triage performance for detecting CIN3+ lesions was compared between HPV16/18 genotyping, a liquid-based cytology (LBC) test, and the PAX1 and JAM3 methylation (PAX1m/JAM3m) test according to cervical pathologic outcomes.
Objective: The lipid-lowering simvastatin (SIM) has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of keloid proliferation. However, due to its low water solubility and short half-life, simvastatin aggregates to the liver and does not reach the skin lesions after oral administration, which restricts its widespread clinical use. The development of nanomedicine provides the possibility for us to break through this bottleneck problem clinically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWorld J Clin Cases
September 2024
Assessing the emissions of heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDDTs) is crucial for managing air quality in megacities, especially concerning nitrogen oxides (NO) and black carbon (BC). This study employed mobile plume chasing to monitor the real-world emissions of over 7778 HDDTs in Shenzhen. The findings indicate that the real-world NO emission factors (EF) of China IV trucks did not differ significantly from those of China III, whereas China V and VI vehicles demonstrated fleet-averaged reductions of 27% and 85%, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a crucial toxic signaling event triggered by chronic exposure to Ultraviolet B radiation (UVB), which significantly exacerbate photodamage responses in the irradiated skin. Therefore, the identification of agents capable of inhibiting ER stress could serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for addressing the unmet clinical needs in the treatment of UVB-induced photodamage.
Methods: A UVB-irradiated mouse model was used and topical administration of Panax ginseng extract was carried out for a duration of 9 weeks.
The in-depth investigation of the high black carbon (BC) emission scenarios of heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) is a crucial step toward developing effective control strategies. Chassis dynamometer tests were conducted for three in-use HDDVs, namely, vehicle #1, #2, and #3, focusing on the instantaneous BC characterizations during multiple driving conditions, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrilobatin, a novel natural food additive, exerts a protective effect on acute liver injury. However, whether Trilobatin can protect against alcoholic liver disease (ALD) has not been elucidated. This research is intended to ascertain the impact of Trilobatin on ALD in mice and decipher the potential underlying mechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUlcerative colitis (UC), characterized by its recurrent nature, imposes a significant disease burden and compromises the quality of life. Emerging evidence suggests that achieving clinical remission is not sufficient for long-term remission. In pursuit of a favorable prognosis, mucosal healing (MH) has been defined as the target of therapies in UC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Plant Sci
July 2024
As the most effective therapeutic drug for malaria, artemisinin can only be extracted from L., which is sensitive to the surrounding growing habitat. Histone acetyltransferases (HATs) contain acetyl groups, which modulate mRNA transcription and thereby regulate plant environmental adaptation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHeavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDDVs) significantly contribute to atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO) and black carbon (BC), with high emitters within the HDDV fleet impacting the total emissions. However, emission patterns and contributions of high emitters are rarely explored from a fleet-perspective. We investigated NO and BC emission factors (EFs) from 1925 HDDVs in Shenzhen by the plume-chasing method, and found that the fleet-average EFs decreased with stricter emission standards.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllergol Immunopathol (Madr)
July 2024
Purpose: To investigate the effect of metformin on gut microbiota imbalance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and the value of probiotic supplementation.
Methods: A total of 84 newly diagnosed T2DM patients were randomly divided into probiotics group, metformin group, and control group, with 28 patients in each group. The blood glucose control, islet function, gut microbiota, and inflammatory factors were compared between three groups.
Purpose: Some patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) do not display typical clinical features, leading to delays in diagnosis and treatment.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed PTB patients admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University between 2017 and 2020. They are divided into pathological group (diagnosed through pathological biopsy) and control group (diagnosed via sputum or lavage fluid).
Background: Epididymal tumors, especially malignant tumors, have low incidence and are rare in our clinical work. However, they may progress quickly and have poor prognosis. For such rare clinical cases with extremely low incidence rates, and as they are prone to misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis and have a very poor prognosis, clinical workers need to pay special attention and consider the possibility of primary epididymal malignant tumors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202504000-00027/figure1/v/2024-07-06T104127Z/r/image-tiff Cardiac arrest can lead to severe neurological impairment as a result of inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and post-cardiopulmonary resuscitation neurological damage. Hypoxic preconditioning has been shown to improve migration and survival of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and reduce pyroptosis after cardiac arrest, but the specific mechanisms by which hypoxia-preconditioned bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells protect against brain injury after cardiac arrest are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multi-system autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs and cause a wide range of severe clinical manifestations, including lupus nephritis (LN), which is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality in individual with SLE. Ursolic acid (UA) is a natural compound with favorable anti-inflammatory properties and has been employed to treat multiple disease, including inflammatory diseases, diabetes, and Parkinson's disease. However, its therapeutic potential on LN and the underlying mechanisms remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a serious complication of diabetes, leads to structural and functional abnormalities of the heart and ultimately evolves to heart failure. IL-37 exerts a substantial influence on the regulation of inflammation and metabolism. Whether IL-37 is involved in DCM is unknown.
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