Can Exercise-Mediated Adipose Browning Provide an Alternative Explanation for the Obesity Paradox?

Overweight patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) tend to survive longer than normal-weight patients, a phenomenon known as the "obesity paradox". The phenotypic characteristics of adipose distribution in these patients (who survive longer) often reveal a larger proportion of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT), suggesting that the presence of scWAT is negatively associated with all-cause mortality and that scWAT appears to provide protective benefits in patients facing unhealthy states. Exercise-mediated browning is a crucial aspect of the benign remodeling process of adipose tissue (AT).

METTL7B-induced histone lactylation prevents heart failure by ameliorating cardiac remodelling.

Introduction: Lactylation is important for a variety of biological activities. It is reported that Class I histone deacetylases (HDAC1-3) are histone lysine delactylases. However, the role of lactylation in cardiac remodelling remains uncertain.

Tracking CO migration and accumulation in the Subei Basin using geochronology and fluid inclusion quantitative analysis.

In petroliferous sedimentary basins, the interplay between CO and hydrocarbons exerts a notable influence on hydrocarbon generation and accumulation. This research focuses on the Huangqiao oil and gas reservoir, which is known for hosting the largest CO reserves in China. U-Pb isotopic dating of calcite veins in fractures, carbon and oxygen isotope analyses, along with rare earth element (REE) analysis were applied to elucidate the chronology and origin of inorganic and organic fluids in the studied area.

Synthesis and Photocatalytic Performance of Five Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Supramolecules with Chain-like Organic Cations for Tetracycline Degradation.

In this paper, we synthesized a chain-like organic cation structure directing agent L·Cl by reacting triethylenediamine with 1,2-bis(2-chloroethoxy)ethane. We then used a room temperature volatilization method to react L·Cl with inorganic metal salts to synthesize five organic-inorganic hybrid supramolecules: {[L][HgI]} (), {[L][CdI]} (), {[(L)(CuI)]·[CuI]CHCN} () {[L][CoCl]} (), and {[L][Ce(NO)·(HO)]} () (L=1,1'-((ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))bis(ethane-2,1-diyl))bis(1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.

Sodium Butyrate Alleviates Heat Stress-Induced Oxidative Stress and Skeletal Muscle Homeostasis Disruption by Promoting Autophagy in Mice.

Background: The gradual rise in global temperatures can affect skeletal muscle development and intestinal microorganisms. However, the influence of microbial metabolites on skeletal muscle homeostasis under heat stress (HS) remains unclear.

Methods: C57BL/6J mice were exposed to normal temperature or 40 °C conditions for 3 d, 7 d, or 14 d.

Roles of Vitellogenin and Its Receptor Genes in Female Reproduction of the Cigarette Beetle, .

Vitellogenin (Vg) and the vitellogenin receptor (VgR) play essential roles in insect reproductive development. However, the functions of and genes in , an important insect pest of stored products, are unknown. We identified and characterized these two genes, designated and , in .

Enhanced methane production from bloom algal biomass using hydrothermal and hydrothermal-alkaline pretreatment with anaerobic digestion.

Coalbeds have the potential as geobioreactors for producing renewable natural gas from biomass derived from photosynthesis. This brings about a number of benefits, including support for sustainable energy and the sequestration of carbon dioxide in coal. In this study, freshwater bloom algae were employed as the substrate to examine the influence of hydrothermal and hydrothermal-alkaline pretreatment on methane production using an inoculum from an anaerobic digester.

Diagnostic value of deep learning reconstruction-based subtraction CT-FFR in patients with calcified-related stenosis or stent implantation.

Background: The application of coronary computed tomography angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) is limited due to severe coronary calcium burden or stent implantation. This study aimed to explore the diagnostic value of subtraction CT-FFR with deep learning reconstruction (DLR) or hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR) in detecting calcified-related hemodynamically significant stenosis, and the feasibility in the application of coronary stents.

Methods: Between March 2020 and January 2022, consecutive patients with calcified-related stenosis or previous stent treatment who had undergone subtraction coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) and invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) were included in this prospective study.

Early detection of Parkinson's disease through multiplex blood and urine biomarkers prior to clinical diagnosis.

Blood and urine biomarkers are commonly used to diagnose and monitor chronic diseases. We initially screened 67 biomarkers, including 4 urine biomarkers and 63 blood biomarkers, and identified 13 blood biomarkers significantly associated with Parkinson's disease (PD). Among these, we discovered three novel markers demonstrating strong associations: phosphate (P = 1.

Metallo-Polyampholyte Hydrogel Based on a Y-Shaped Amphoteric Monomer with Robust Antibacterial and Antifouling Performance.

A Y-shaped metallo-amphoteric monomer with cobaltocenium as the cation and sulfonyl as the anion was synthesized and used to prepare the corresponding metallo-polyampholyte hydrogel (PAH). The cobaltocenium in the amphoteric system and its Y-shape may introduce tunable supramolecular interactions, providing regulation of hydration properties and biomedical performance. Such metallo-PAH showed a higher water swelling ratio and comparable mechanical performance in comparison with its organic counterpart, polysulfobetaine methacrylate hydrogel (SBMA-PAH).

Measuring remanent magnetic moment of test masses by a compound pendulum in a magnetic shielding room.

In space-borne gravitational wave detection, the remanent magnetic moment of test masses is one of the primary contributors to residual acceleration noise. During the ground test phase, precisely measuring the remanent magnetic moment of the test masses under an ultra-weak magnetic field is crucial for assessing its suitability for the space mission. In this work, we developed a compound pendulum apparatus within the magnetic shielding room, utilizing the pendulum's periodic motion to convert the remanent magnetic moment into a modulated magnetic field.

Functions of METTL1/WDR4 and QKI as m7G modification - related enzymes in digestive diseases.

N-methylguanosine (m7G) modification is one of the most prevalent forms of chemical modification in RNA molecules, which plays an important role in biological processes such as RNA stability, translation regulation and ribosome recognition. Methyl-transferation of m7G modification is catalyzed by the enzyme complex of methyltransferase-like 1 (METTL1) and WD repeat domain 4 (WDR4), and Quaking (QKI) recognizes internal m7G methylated mRNA and regulates mRNA translation and stabilization. Recent studies have found that m7G modification - related enzymes are associated with the onset and progression of digestive cancer, such as colorectal cancer, liver cancer, and other digestive diseases such as ulcerative colitis.

Aortic Periannular Abscess Missed by Transthoracic Echocardiography: A Case Report.

An aortic periannular abscess (PA) is a critical consequence of infective endocarditis (IE). In our case report, the patient's clinical symptoms were only fever, cough, and shortness of breath. He was then diagnosed with aortic PA, which was overlooked in the initial TTE assessment but later identified through transesophageal echocardiography (TEE).

Biocatalytic Hydrogenation of Biomass-Derived Furan Aldehydes to Alcohols.

The biomass-derived furan aldehydes furfural (FF) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) are versatile platform chemicals used to produce various value-added chemicals through further valorization processes. Selectively reducing C═O in FF and HMF molecules to form furfuryl alcohol (FAL) and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF), represents an important research field in upgrading biomass-based furan compounds. Currently, the reduction of furan aldehydes to furan alcohols through chemical transformation often leads to unavoidable environmental issues and the formation of potential byproducts.

Interfacial coupling effects in two-dimensional ordered arrays for microwave attenuation.

With the development of nanotechnology, nano-functional units of different dimensions, morphologies, and sizes exhibit the potential for efficient microwave absorption (MA) performance. However, the multi-unit coupling enhancement mechanism triggered by the alignment and orientation of nano-functional units has been neglected, hindering the further development of microwave absorbing materials (MAMs). In this paper, two typical ZIF-derived nanomaterials are self-assembled into two-dimensional ordered polyhedral superstructures by the simple ice template method.

Smoking, Genetic Susceptibility and Early Menopause: Unveiling Biological Mechanisms and Potential Therapy Targets.

Objective: To explore the association between smoking, genetic susceptibility and early menopause (EM) and clarify the potential mechanisms underlying this relationship.

Design: An observational and Transcriptome-wide association analysis (TWAS) study.

Setting: UK Biobank and public summary statistics.

Regulating Growth Kinetics of Carbon Nanotubes Toward Efficient Microwave Absorption.

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) show great promise for microwave absorption (MA) due to their excellent electrical conductivity and lightweight properties, which are conferred by the one dimensional hollow tubular structure. However, the ambiguous intrinsic motivations behind the formation of CNTs and the intricate growth processes have resulted in a lack of a systematic methodology for precisely controlling their electromagnetic properties. Herein, a flexible CNTs regulation strategy is designed to develop, with the core focus being the directional growth of carbon atoms and the differential catalysis of metal sources.

Epidemiological, Clinical, and Genomic Traits of PIV in Hospitalized Children After the COVID-19 Pandemic in Wuhan, China.

Human parainfluenza virus (PIV) is a main cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (ALRTIs), which contributes to childrens' mortality worldwide; however, the epidemiology of PIVs following the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is still not clarified, and poses risks of potential outbreaks. Herein, we conducted a retrospective observational study from September 26, 2020 to September 30, 2023 to assess PIV epidemiology in Wuhan, China, as well as the clinical characteristics of PIV infections. In total, 14,065 inpatients with ALRTIs were enrolled, of which 936 were identified to have PIV infection.

Mycobacterial avium intracellulare (MAI) extensor tenosynovitis of wrist: An uncommon entity.

Rice bodies secondary to synovial inflammation, typically occur in the shoulders and knees of individuals affected by either rheumatoid arthritis or tuberculosis. It is uncommon to encounter these in nontubercular mycobacterial tenosynovitis especially in wrist extensor compartment. Understanding this condition and its distinctive imaging features is crucial for both treating clinicians and radiologists.

Cytochrome P450-derived Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid, the Regulation of Cardiovascular-related Diseases, and the Implication for Pulmonary Hypertension.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases metabolize arachidonic acid (AA) into biologically active epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs), forming a pivotal metabolic pathway (AA-CYP-EETs-soluble epoxide hydrolase-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids) implicated in the progression of various disorders. Inflammation is a key contributor to the onset and progression of numerous systemic diseases, and EETs play a significant role in mitigating inflammation. Extensive research highlights the cardiovascular protective effects of EETs, which include vasodilation, anti-hypertensive, and anti-atherosclerotic properties.

Incidental Finding of Isolated Accessory Mitral Valve Tissue in Two Adults.

Accessory mitral valve tissue is a rare congenital anomaly often linked to the anterior mitral leaflet, diagnosed via echocardiography. It may cause left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, with prognosis depending on obstruction severity and regular monitoring essential in asymptomatic cases.

Binarized Simplicial Convolutional Neural Networks.

Graph Neural Networks have the limitation of processing features solely on graph nodes, neglecting data on high-dimensional structures such as edges and triangles. Simplicial Convolutional Neural Networks (SCNN) represent high-order structures using simplicial complexes to break this limitation but still lack time efficiency. In this paper, a novel neural network architecture named Binarized Simplicial Convolutional Neural Networks (Bi-SCNN) is proposed based on the combination of simplicial convolution with a weighted binary-sign forward propagation strategy.

MRI Findings of Bilateral Anterior Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome - A Case Report.

Anterior tarsal tunnel syndrome, an infrequent entrapment neuropathy involving the deep peroneal nerve beneath the inferior extensor retinaculum in the anterior ankle, is often overlooked on medical images, leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. We present the case of a 52-year-old male, an avid runner, who exhibited a sensation of burning and tingling in the dorsal region of both feet. Electrophysiologic studies suggested bilateral deep peroneal neuropathy.