Publications by authors named "Yan Xia Wu"
Background: Oral microbiome has been associated with various cancers, including nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), but its role in cancer treatment and prognosis remains largely unknown. This study aims to address the dynamic changes in oral microbiome following cancer treatment and their prognostic implications in NPC patients.
Patients And Methods: Unstimulated whole saliva samples were collected from 23 NPC patients before and after treatment, with an average of 2.
Retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and pretreatment with glycopeptide.
Int J Ophthalmol
September 2024
Aim: To investigate the antioxidant protective effect of glycopeptide (LbGP) pretreatment on retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury (RIRI) in rats.
Methods: RIRI was induced in Sprague Dawley rats through anterior chamber perfusion, and pretreatment involved administering LbGP gavage for 7d. After 24h of reperfusion, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and creatinine (CREA) levels, retinal structure, expression of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the retina were measured.
Article Synopsis
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is highly prevalent in Southern China, leading to significant health issues, and current EBV screening methods often result in false positives, suggesting a need for improved screening approaches.
- A Markov model was created using regional health data to compare polygenic risk-stratified screening, which targets individuals based on their 10-year absolute risk, against traditional age-based screening methods.
- Results showed that polygenic risk-stratified screening is more cost-effective for individuals aged 30-54, particularly for men, as it reduces unnecessary procedures and has a higher chance of being cost-effective than the age-based approach.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the link between oral microbes and their potential role in developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), revealing that these microbes can migrate from the mouth to the nasopharynx.
- It found an increased risk of NPC associated with oral-to-nasopharyngeal microbial translocation, with certain species like Fusobacterium nucleatum identified as prevalent in NPC patients.
- Additionally, the presence of these oral microbes in tumors influences the local environment and interacts with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) loads, suggesting a complex relationship in cancer development.
Previous studies have demonstrated strong associations between host genetic factors and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) VCA-IgA with the risk of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). However, the specific interplay between host genetics and EBV VCA-IgA on NPC risk is not well understood. In this two-stage case-control study (N = 4804), we utilized interaction and mediation analysis to investigate the interplay between host genetics (genome-wide association study-derived polygenic risk score [PRS]) and EBV VCA-IgA antibody level in the NPC risk.
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- Radiation-induced brain injury (RBI) significantly impacts the quality of life and survival rates for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), prompting the need for improved risk stratification tools.
- A large study involving 1189 NPC patients undergoing radiotherapy led to the development of a polygenic risk score (PRS) that effectively identifies individuals at high risk for RBI, with suggested adjusted radiation doses to minimize risk based on genetic predisposition.
- The integration of PRS with clinical factors enhanced prediction accuracy for RBI, indicating that personalized treatment strategies could be developed to optimize patient outcomes.
Article Synopsis
- Large-scale genetic studies found several genetic loci linked to nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), prompting further investigation into biological mechanisms behind these associations.
- A follow-up study involving nearly 7,000 NPC cases and over 10,000 controls identified two new susceptibility loci (9q22.33 and 17q12) and confirmed the role of two previously known loci linked to NPC risk.
- Functional analyses revealed that the genes PHF2 and CDKN2B-AS1 at these loci are crucial for NPC development, with risk alleles affecting their expression levels and consequently promoting NPC cell proliferation.
Article Synopsis
- - Chemoradiation-induced hearing loss (CRIHL) significantly impacts the long-term quality of life for patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), with age, tumor stage, and cisplatin dosage being key risk factors identified in the study.
- - A genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 777 NPC patients found a specific genetic variant (rs1050851) linked to a 5.46-fold increased risk of hearing loss, indicating a potential genetic predisposition associated with the condition.
- - The research suggests a genetic overlap between hereditary deafness and CRIHL, emphasizing the role of synaptic signaling in hearing loss development and allowing for improved risk prediction for personalized prevention strategies.
Objectives: Knowledge regarding thymic EBV-related poorly differentiated nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (PDNKSCC), also known as lymphoepithelial carcinoma (LEC), is extremely limited due to its rarity.
Materials And Methods: This multi-institutional study enrolled 85 patients with thymic PDNKSCC. DNA in situ hybridization was performed to evaluate the EBV status of all 85 cases.
Article Synopsis
- This study explored the link between oral hygiene, the oral microbiome, and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) by analyzing 218 NPC patients and 192 healthy individuals.
- Researchers used advanced gene sequencing to evaluate the oral microbiome and found that poor oral hygiene and dental fillings were associated with a higher risk of NPC.
- The analysis suggested that changes in the oral microbiome due to poor oral hygiene could partly explain the increased risk of NPC, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms at play.
Article Synopsis
- Recent research highlights the role of oral microbiota in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a cancer notably linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
- A study involving 303 NPC patients showed that those with the disease had a distinct microbiota profile characterized by lower diversity and specific bacteria like Streptococcus sanguinis, which is associated with increased EBV activity.
- Findings suggest that by producing hydrogen peroxide, S. sanguinis may activate EBV, influencing host cell signaling pathways and potentially contributing to tumor development in NPC patients.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to create a polygenic hazard score (PHS) to predict who would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) in patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
- It involved a retrospective analysis of 1,395 stage I-II NSCLC patients and included a genome-wide association study to derive the PHS from 37 specific genetic markers.
- The results showed that patients with a low PHS had significantly better outcomes with ACT, particularly stage II patients, suggesting that the PHS could help identify those most likely to benefit from chemotherapy.
Article Synopsis
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is linked to genetic factors and Epstein-Barr virus infection, making genetic counseling essential for high-risk families.
- A study involving whole-exome sequencing of 502 familial NPC patients revealed rare mutations in known cancer genes and identified 6 new susceptibility genes, with RAD54L showing the highest prevalence.
- Findings suggest that individuals with both rare and common genetic variants face significantly higher NPC risk, paving the way for better risk assessment and prevention strategies for those with a family history of the disease.
Article Synopsis
- The study examined breast cancer (BC) trends and risk factors in China, Japan, and South Korea from 1990 to 2019, with predictions extending to 2034.
- In 2019, China had the highest BC burden, with significant increases in incident cases and deaths expected through 2034, especially among males.
- High body mass index was the main risk factor for female BC in China, while alcohol consumption posed the greatest risk for males in all three countries, indicating a need for targeted prevention strategies.
The Effects of Alcohol Drinking on Oral Microbiota in the Chinese Population.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
May 2022
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the impact of alcohol consumption on the oral microbiota of 150 healthy Chinese individuals, utilizing 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
- Results indicated that drinkers had higher alpha diversity and distinct microbiota compositions compared to non-drinkers, with specific genera and species being enriched or depleted in drinkers.
- Additionally, the research linked these microbial changes to altered metabolic pathways, suggesting that alcohol intake may influence overall health by modifying oral microbial composition and function, which could relate to alcohol-associated diseases.
Article Synopsis
- - The study analyzed the EBV genomes of 38 patients with a family history of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and 47 healthy controls to investigate the viral characteristics associated with familial NPC.
- - Researchers found mutation hotspots in the EBV latent gene regions of familial NPC cases and identified a specific genetic cluster that was significantly more common in these cases compared to controls.
- - Genome-wide association analysis revealed four variants linked to familial NPC, and a set of 34 high-risk EBV haplotypes correlated with an increased risk of familial NPC, suggesting EBV subtypes may play a role in the hereditary nature of the disease.
Article Synopsis
- Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is linked to pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (pLELC), a rare lung cancer, but its genomic characteristics in relation to this cancer are not fully understood.
- A study analyzed whole-genome data from EBV isolated in 78 pLELC patients and 37 healthy controls, revealing 3,995 variations, particularly in latent genes, and identified 32 variations significantly associated with pLELC.
- The study established a global overview of EBV genomic profiles in pLELC patients, indicating that the EBV strains from pLELC are more similar to those found in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and showed
Article Synopsis
- Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is linked to the Epstein-Barr virus and is particularly common in southern China; the study examines the role of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) variants in influencing EBV reactivation, a key factor in NPC development.
- A research team analyzed HLA alleles of 1,078 healthy males in the region and assessed EBV Zta-IgA levels, using logistic regression to examine the relationship between HLA variants and EBV activation, considering smoking as a factor.
- Results show that the HLA-DRB1*09:01 allele is associated with increased risk for Zta-IgA positivity, especially in smokers, indicating the need for smoking cessation efforts
Article Synopsis
- * Recent studies showed that higher EBV levels in the nasopharynx are linked to NPC development, prompting investigations within families at high risk for the disease.
- * Findings revealed significant hereditary contributions to EBV loads, with a heritability estimate of 56.41%, suggesting that genetic factors may play a critical role in NPC susceptibility, especially in families with three or more cases.
Article Synopsis
- PRKDC, a crucial protein in DNA damage repair, is found to be overexpressed in various breast cancer types, indicating its role in chemotherapy resistance and tumor growth.
- Analysis of breast cancer patients and cell lines showed that knocking down PRKDC led to reduced cell growth and arrested the cell cycle through the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
- High levels of PRKDC expression were consistently linked to poor survival rates among breast cancer patients, suggesting its potential as a prognostic marker.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to evaluate malnutrition risk among elderly inpatients in China using two screening tools: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002) and Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA).
- Conducted in eight medical centers, the study involved 425 patients aged 70 and older and found a high prevalence of malnutrition, with 40.9% identified by NRS2002 and 58.6% by MNA.
- Both screening tools showed significant correlations with age, BMI, and laboratory parameters, demonstrating that they are effective for assessing malnutrition risk in this population, with NRS2002 showing moderate agreement with MNA.
Hydroxy fatty acids and carbonyl fatty acids are important multi-functional materials for the manufacture of fragrances and other fine chemicals. In this study, a novel oleate hydratase (PaOH) was cloned from Paracoccus aminophilus DSM 8538 and solubly expressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant PaOH efficiently catalyzed the hydration of oleic acid, with a specific activity of 5.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe present study was undertaken to investigate the antiparasitic activity of extracellular products of Streptomyces albus. Bioactivity-guided isolation of chloroform extracts affording a compound showing potent activity. The structure of the compound was elucidated as salinomycin (SAL) by EI-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR.
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- The TSLP/TSLPR axis plays a significant role in inflammatory diseases, including coronary artery disease (CAD), with a study analyzing genetic variants in this axis among a large population of CAD patients and controls.
- Three specific genetic variants were found to have a strong association with CAD, with rs3806933 and rs6897932 notably affecting the expression of related genes and potentially increasing plasma TSLP levels.
- The research indicates that these genetic variants, both individually and in combination (particularly with IL-33 signaling), contribute to a heightened risk of developing CAD, suggesting a complex genetic influence on the disease.