A mosquito proboscis-inspired cambered microneedle patch for ophthalmic regional anaesthesia.

Introduction: One of the methods for pain management involves the use of local anesthesia, which numbs sensations in specific body regions while maintaining consciousness.

Objectives: Considering the certain limitations (e.g.

Inhibitory effect of berberine on morphine tolerance and hyperalgesia in mice.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of berberine on morphine analgesia, tolerance, and hyperalgesia.

Methods: Morphine-induced acute tolerance model: mice received intraperitoneal berberine at doses of 2.5, 5.

Effects of cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation on rehabilitation of upper limb motor function after stroke.

Background: The cerebellum is involved in the control and coordination of movements but it remains unclear whether stimulation of the cerebellum could improve the recovery of upper limb motor function. Therefore, this study aimed to explore whether cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) therapy could promote the recovery of upper limb motor function in patients who suffered a stroke.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, and sham-controlled prospective study, 77 stroke patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the tDCS group ( = 39) or the control group ( = 38).

Corrigendum: Aging Changes Effective Connectivity of Motor Networks During Motor Execution and Motor Imagery.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2019.

Effect of transcranial direct-current stimulation on cognitive function in stroke patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive approach that can alter brain excitability. Several studies have shown the effectiveness of tDCS in improving language and movement function in stroke patients. However, the effect of tDCS on cognitive function after stroke remains uncertain.

Aging Changes Effective Connectivity of Motor Networks During Motor Execution and Motor Imagery.

Age-related neurodegenerative and neurochemical changes are considered to be the basis for the decline of motor function; however, the change of effective connections in cortical motor networks that come with aging remains unclear. Here, we investigated the age-related changes of the dynamic interaction between cortical motor regions. Twenty young subjects and 20 older subjects underwent both right hand motor execution (ME) and right hand motor imagery (MI) tasks by using functional magnetic resonance imaging.

Disrupted structural and functional connectivity networks in ischemic stroke patients.

Local lesions caused by stroke may result in extensive structural and functional reorganization in the brain. Previous studies of this phenomenon have focused on specific brain networks. Here, we aimed to discover abnormalities in whole-brain networks and to explore the decoupling between structural and functional connectivity in patients with stroke.

Abnormal functional networks in resting-state of the sub-cortical chronic stroke patients with hemiplegia.

The aim of this study is to identify the properties of the motor network and the default-mode network (DMN) of the sub-cortical chronic stroke patients, and to study the relationship between the network connectivity and the neurological scales of the stroke patients. Twenty-eight chronic stroke patients (28-77days post-stroke) and twenty-eight healthy control subjects (HCs) were recruited. Independent component analysis (ICA) was performed to obtain the motor network and the DMN.

Conditional Granger Causality Analysis of Effective Connectivity during Motor Imagery and Motor Execution in Stroke Patients.

Aims. Motor imagery has emerged as a promising technique for the improvement of motor function following stroke, but the mechanism of functional network reorganization in patients during this process remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate the cortical motor network patterns of effective connectivity in stroke patients.

Motor recovery at 6 months after admission is related to structural and functional reorganization of the spine and brain in patients with spinal cord injury.

This study aimed to explore structural and functional reorganization of the brain in the early stages of spinal cord injury (SCI) and identify brain areas that contribute to motor recovery. We studied 25 patients with SCI, including 10 with good motor recovery and 15 with poor motor recovery, along with 25 matched healthy controls. The mean period post-SCI was 9.

Relationship between functional connectivity and motor function assessment in stroke patients with hemiplegia: a resting-state functional MRI study.

Introduction: Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has been used to examine the brain mechanisms of stroke patients with hemiplegia, but the relationship between functional connectivity (FC) and treatment-induced motor function recovery has not yet been fully investigated. This study aimed to identify the brain FC changes in stroke patients and study the relationship between FC and motor function assessment using the resting-state fMRI.

Methods: Seventeen stroke patients with hemiplegia and fifteen healthy control subjects (HCSs) were recruited in this study.

Age-specific activation of cerebral areas in motor imagery--a fMRI study.

Introduction: The objectives of this study were to study the age-specific activation patterns of cerebral areas during motor execution (ME) and motor imaging (MI) of the upper extremities and to discuss the age-related neural mechanisms associated with ME or MI.

Methods: The functional magnetic resonance imaging technique was used to monitor the pattern and intensity of brain activation during the ME and MI of the upper extremities in 20 elderly (>50 years) and 19 young healthy subjects (<25 years).

Results: No major differences were identified regarding the activated brain areas during ME or MI between the two groups; however, a minor difference was noted.