Ursolic acid attenuates pseudo-allergic reactions via reducing MRGPRX2-mediated mast cell degranulation.

Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 (MRGPRX2) is a newly identified receptor on mast cells that contribute to IgE-independent pseudo-allergy. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid, has been reported for its anti-allergy effects. However, the protective mechanism against pseudo-allergic reactions remains unclear.

Spinal PTP1B Regulated NMDA Receptor-mediated Nociceptive Transmission and Peripheral Inflammation-induced Pain Sensitization.

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) catalyze the dephosphorylation of several pain-related substrates in spinal cord dorsal horn and are critically involved in the modification of pain transmission. The current study demonstrated that protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B), a unique endoplasmic reticulum-resident member of PTP family, displayed an activity-dependent increase in its protein expression and synaptic localization in spinal dorsal horn of adult male rats. PTP1B interacted with the Src Homology 3 (SH3) domain of Synapse-Associated Protein 102 (SAP102), one of the postsynaptic scaffolding proteins that anchored PTP1B at postsynaptic sites.

Sodium sulfite-driven Helicobacter pylori eradication: Unraveling oxygen dynamics through multi-omics investigation.

Due to the emergence and spread of multidrug resistance in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), its eradication has become difficult. Sodium sulfite (SS), a widely used food additive for ensuring food safety and storage, has been recognized as an effective nonbactericidal agent for H.

Anticancer effect of covalent purine-containing EGFR TKI, ZZC4 and its mechanism of action through network pharmacology.

Aims: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been documented in many malignancies as participating in the progression of cancer cells. Here, we present a novel EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor, ZZC4, and examine its effect on cancer cell proliferation, migration, and tumor-bearing xenograft models.

Main Methods: The antiproliferative effect of ZZC4 was assessed in vitro by MTT assay, colony formation, and wound healing assay and in vivo with tumor-bearing xenograft nude mice.

Correlation of idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo with cerebral small vessel disease.

Background: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most prevalent form of peripheral vertigo, with vascular lesions being one of its suspected causes. The older adults are particularly vulnerable to BPPV. Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), on the other hand, is a clinical condition that results from damage of cerebral small vessels.

Comparative effectiveness and safety of Chinese medicine belly button application for childhood diarrhea: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Chinese medicine belly button application (CMBBA) has been used to treat childhood diarrhea (CD) in several randomized controlled trials (RCTs), but its effectiveness and combination strategy still need to be clarified. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and the optimal combination strategy of CMBBA in treating CD.

Methods: Up until January 2023, we searched for studies that met our inclusion criteria in six databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Chinese SinoMed, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang.

The effects of sodium sulfite on Helicobacter pylori by establishing a hypoxic environment.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is an obligate microaerobion and does not survive in low oxygen. Sodium sulfite (SS) reacts and consume oxygen in solutions.

Does Technological Innovation Curb O Pollution? Evidence from Three Major Regions in China.

At the end of 2020, when China's three-year Blue Sky Protection Campaign was successfully concluded, the main pollutants, led by O, increased instead of decreasing, creating a new air pollution problem. In this paper, the impact of the technological innovation level on O pollution and its inter-regional differences across three major regions from 2014 to 2019 are studied using the dynamic spatial Durbin model. Generally, in terms of ozone pollution showing significant spatial correlation, technological innovations in China are still not effective in curbing ozone pollution.

Cbl-b modulated TrkA ubiquitination and function in the dorsal root ganglion of mice.

Casitas B-lineage lymphoma b (Cbl-b) is one of the E3 ubiquitin ligases that ubiquitinate Tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA), a key nerve growth factor receptor involved in the pathological pain. Here we found that Cbl-b was abundant in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons of mice and co-localized with TrkA. Ubiquitination of TrkA by Cbl-b exerted a tonic negative control over the protein level of TrkA.

BDNF modulated KCC2 ubiquitylation in spinal cord dorsal horn of mice.

The K-Cl co-transporter 2 (KCC2) is a neuron-specific Cl extruder in the dorsal horn of spinal cord. The low intracellular Cl concentration established by KCC2 is critical for GABAergic and glycinergic systems to generate synaptic inhibition. Peripheral nerve lesions have been shown to cause KCC2 dysfunction in adult spinal cord through brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, which switches the hyperpolarizing inhibitory transmission to be depolarizing and excitatory.

Functional expression of glycine receptors in DRG neurons of mice.

Glycine receptor is one of the chloride-permeable ion channels composed of combinations of four α subunits and one β subunit. In adult spinal cord, the glycine receptor α1 subunit is crucial for the generation of inhibitory neurotransmission. The reduced glycinergic inhibition is regarded as one of the key spinal mechanisms underlying pathological pain symptoms.

SNAP25/syntaxin4/VAMP2/Munc18-1 Complexes in Spinal Dorsal Horn Contributed to Inflammatory Pain.

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs) have been implicated in the trafficking of postsynaptic glutamate receptors, including N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-subtype glutamate receptors (NMDARs) that are critical for nociceptive plasticity and behavioral sensitization. However, the components of SNAREs complex involved in spinal nociceptive processing remain largely unknown. Here we found that SNAP25, syntaxin4, VAMP2 and Munc18-1 were localized at postsynaptic sites and formed the complex in the superficial lamina of spinal cord dorsal horn of rats.

Extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (nasal type) presenting as a perianal abscess: A case report.

Background: Extranodal natural killer (NK) T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL), nasal type is a rare subtype of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized by vascular damage and necrosis. The lesions usually present in the nasal cavity and adjacent tissues, however, the disease originates from the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract in 25% of cases. Since rectal involvement in ENKTL is rare, rectal symptoms in the course of ENKTL are often misdiagnosed and considered to be related to benign diseases such as rectal fistula or perianal abscess.

[Optimum nitrogen application rate to maximum yield and environment protection for winter wheat in Weibei dryland, China.].

To get the optimum nitrogen (N) fertilization rate which could guarantee wheat yield and protect environment, we examined wheat yield, N use efficiency, apparent N loss and soil N balance in Weibei dryland with a 3-year field experiment. The results showed that annual wheat yield increased and then decreased as N application rate increased in all the years with different annual rainfall, but the cumulative apparent N use efficiency significantly decreased. Higher yield and N use efficiency were obtained at the fertilization rate of 150 kg·hm.

[Effects of combined application of chemical fertilizer and organic manure on wheat yield and leaching of residual nitrate-N in dryland soil].

The effects of optimum nitrogen (N) fertilization rate with and without adding manure on wheat yield and leaching of residual nitrate-N in soil profile were examined in Weibei dryland, Shaanxi with a field experiment combined different N fertilization rates (0, 75, 150, 225, 300 kg N·hm) and organic manure (0 and 30 t·hm). The results showed that, compared to chemical N fertilizer, combined application of inorganic fertilizer and organic manure increased winter wheat yield by 14.7% when N fertilization rate was reduced by 27.

Asiatic acid inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory response in endometrial epithelial cells.

Accumulating evidence indicates that asiatic acid, a natural triterpene isolated from Centella asiatica, has anti-inflammatory activity. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of asiatic acid on LPS-stimulated endometrial epithelial cells and the involved molecular pathways have not been completely elucidated. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of asiatic acid on LPS-induced inflammatory response in endometrial epithelial cells.

Activity-dependent dephosphorylation of paxillin contributed to nociceptive plasticity in spinal cord dorsal horn.

The enzymatic activity of protein tyrosine kinase Src is subjected to the regulation by C-terminal Src kinase (CSK) and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Aberrant Src activation in the spinal cord dorsal horn is pivotal for the induction and development of nociceptive behavioral sensitization. In this study, we found that paxillin, one of the well-characterized cell adhesion components involved in cell migration and survival, integrated CSK and PTPs' signaling to regulate Src-dependent nociceptive plasticity.

Spinophilin-Targeted Protein Phosphatase-1 Alleviated Inflammatory Pain by Negative Control of MEK/ERK Signaling in Spinal Cord Dorsal Horn of Rats.

Unlabelled: Protein phosphatase-1 (PP1), anchored by regulatory or targeting proteins at excitatory glutamatergic synapses, controls the phosphorylation of postsynaptic substrates and regulates the neurotransmission and plasticity. Here, we found that spinophilin, an actin-binding protein that targets PP1 at postsynaptic density, served as a scaffold for extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling components. Through the C-terminal PDZ domain, spinophilin directly interacted with ERK and its upstream mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK).

[Effect of maternal high-fat diet before and during pregnancy on bone growth of neonatal offspring rats].

Objective: To explore the mechanism and effect of maternal high-fat diet before and during pregnancy on bone growth of neonatal offspring rats.

Methods: Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into high-fat diet and control groups (n=20) that were fed with 35% high-fat diet and standard chow, respectively. After 8 weeks, 8 female rats from each group were sacrificed for liver pathological examinations and the other female rats were mated with male rats and fed continuously with 35% high-fat diet and standard chow throughout gestation, respectively.

Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases in spinal dorsal horn attenuated inflammatory pain by repressing Src signaling.

Tyrosine phosphorylation of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) subtype glutamate receptors by Src-family protein tyrosine kinases (SFKs) plays a critical role in spinal sensitization. Besides SFKs, the tyrosine phosphorylation levels of proteins are also determined by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). However, whether PTPs are involved in spinal nociceptive processing is largely unknown.

NR2B phosphorylation at tyrosine 1472 in spinal dorsal horn contributed to N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced pain hypersensitivity in mice.

Calcium influx via N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-subtype glutamate receptors (NMDARs) regulates the intracellular trafficking of NMDARs, leading to long-lasting modification of NMDAR-mediated synaptic transmission that is involved in development, learning, and synaptic plasticity. The present study investigated the contribution of such NMDAR-dependent synaptic trafficking in spinal dorsal horn to the induction of pain hypersensitivity. Our data showed that direct activation of NMDARs by intrathecal NMDA application elicited pronounced mechanical allodynia in intact mice, which was concurrent with a specific increase in the abundance of NMDAR subunits NR1 and NR2B at the postsynaptic density (PSD)-enriched fraction.

GABAergic disinhibition induced pain hypersensitivity by upregulating NMDA receptor functions in spinal dorsal horn.

Intense noxious stimuli impair GABAergic inhibition in spinal dorsal horn, which has been proposed as a critical contributor to pathological pain. However, how the reduced inhibition exacerbates the transfer of nociceptive information at excitatory glutamatergic synapses is still poorly understood. The present study demonstrated that one of the striking consequences of GABAergic disinhibition was to enhance the function of N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype glutamate receptors (NMDARs), a well-characterized player in central sensitization.