KMT2A regulates the autophagy-GATA4 axis through METTL3-mediated mA modification of ATG4a to promote NPCs senescence and IVDD progression.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), a disease associated with ageing, is characterised by a notable increase in senescent nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs) as IVDD progresses. However, the specific mechanisms that regulate the senescence of NPCs remain unknown. In this study, we observed impaired autophagy in IVDD-NPCs, which contributed to the upregulation of NPCs senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP).

Hypoxia-Preconditioned BMSC-Derived Exosomes Induce Mitophagy via the BNIP3-ANAX2 Axis to Alleviate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a chronic degenerative disease involving the aging and loss of proliferative capacity of nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), processes heavily dependent on mitochondrial dynamics and autophagic flux. This study finds that the absence of BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) is associated with senescence-related NPC degeneration, disrupting mitochondrial quality control. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have multidirectional differentiation potential and produce extracellular vesicles containing cellular activators.

Laterally placed expandable interbody spacers with and without adjustable lordosis improve patient outcomes: A preliminary one-year chart review.

Background/objectives: Minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion (MIS LLIF) has been employed to treat degenerative disc disease, with reduced complication profiles in comparison to other open anterior and posterior techniques. The technique permits the use of larger, coronal-spanning interbody spacers to restore height and alignment. However, large static spacers have historically been associated with iatrogenic complications during trialing and insertion.

Expandable Technology Improves Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Degenerative Disc Disease.

Background: Static interbody spacers are standard of care for minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion (MIS LLIF). However, placement of large static interbody spacers typically requires multiple trialing, endplate preparation, and forceful impaction. A lateral expandable interbody spacer with adjustable lordosis can be inserted at a reduced height, to optimize the endplate-to-endplate fit.

Association between Bone Mineral Density and Severity of Chronic Kidney Disease.

Objective: We sought to evaluate the association between femoral neck (FN) and lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral densities (BMDs) with severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and prevalence of osteopenia or osteoporosis (OP) among the CKD group.

Methods: Cross-sectional data from 11050 participants aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Specifically, Pearson correlation was applied to analyze the relationship between BMD and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).

Sepsis and septic shock after craniotomy: Predicting a significant patient safety and quality outcome measure.

Objectives: Sepsis and septic shock are important quality and patient safety metrics. This study examines incidence of Sepsis and/or septic shock (S/SS) after craniotomy for tumor resection, one of the most common neurosurgical operations.

Methods: Multicenter, prospectively collected data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS NSQIP) database was used to identify patients undergoing craniotomy for tumor (CPT 61510, 61521, 61520, 61518, 61526, 61545, 61546, 61512, 61519, 61575) from 2012-2015.

Real-World Evidence in Prescription Medication Use Among U.S. Adults with Neck Pain.

Introduction: Neck pain is a common condition that leads to serious pain, disability, and increased healthcare costs worldwide. Pharmacotherapy is one of the most common strategies to reduce neck pain in patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the real-world pattern of drugs prescribed for patients with neck pain in the USA.

Descriptive Analysis of 1972 Cervical Corpectomy Patients and 30-Day Postoperative Outcomes.

Background: There exists no large, multi-institutional analysis of patients undergoing cervical corpectomy for common degenerative spinal disease, including patient demographics and comorbidities as well as postoperative complications.

Methods: Using Current Procedural Terminology and International Classification of Diseases codes, 1972 patients who underwent a cervical corpectomy for degenerative spinal disease were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data sets from 2012 to 2015. A descriptive analysis of the patients who underwent the procedure as well as 30-day outcomes and adverse events were collected.

Second primary malignancies among cancer patients.

Background: Rate of second primary malignancies (SPM) is steadily increasing over the last decades. New therapies, early diagnostic markers, screening tests for a larger number of individuals contribute to the increase prevalence of SPM. In the current study, we try to described the demographic composition of SPM victims, distribution of primary sites, and the impact of related factors on prognosis.

Comparative Effectiveness of Laterally Placed Expandable versus Static Interbody Spacers: A 1-Year Follow-Up Radiographic and Clinical Outcomes Study.

Study Design: Retrospective chart review.

Purpose: This study compared the clinical and radiographic outcomes of patients treated with expandable and static interbody spacers following minimally invasive lateral lumbar interbody fusion (MIS-LLIF) with 12-month follow-up.

Overview Of Literature: A common surgical option for the treatment of degenerative disk disease (DDD) is MIS-LLIF using static or expandable spacers to restore disk height (DH), neuroforaminal height (NH), and segmental lordosis.

Incidence of patients with bone metastases at diagnosis of solid tumors in adults: a large population-based study.

Background: Bones are one of the most common metastatic sites for solid malignancies. Bone metastases can significantly increase mortality and decrease the quality of life of cancer patients. In the United States, around 350,000 people die each year from bone metastases.

4D-Printed Dynamic Materials in Biomedical Applications: Chemistry, Challenges, and Their Future Perspectives in the Clinical Sector.

Most of the biomedical materials printed using 3D bioprinting are static and are unable to alter/transform with dynamic changes in the internal environment of the body. The emergence of four-dimensional (4D) printing addresses this problem. By preprogramming dynamic polymer materials and their nanocomposites, 4D printing is able to produce the desired shapes or transform functions under specific conditions or stimuli to better adapt to the surrounding environment.

Retrospective Review of Revision Surgery After Image-guided Instrumented Spinal Surgery Compared With Traditional Instrumented Spinal Surgery.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort series.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine if the use of image-guided navigation offers a clinically significant advantage over fluoroscopy-assisted pedicle screw and non-navigated screw placement in reducing the risk of revision surgery for malpositioned screws in instrumented spinal surgery.

Summary Of Background Data: Use image-guided navigation has become increasingly commonplace in instrumented spine surgery, but there is a lack of information regarding differences in the rates of clinically relevant screw malposition with image-guided compared with non-navigated screw placement.

Risk factors and associated complications with unplanned intubation in patients with craniotomy for brain tumor.

Patients undergoing surgical resection of a brain tumor have the potential risk for beingintubated post-operatively, which may be associated with significant morbidity and/or mortality after surgery. This study was analyzed various preoperative patient characteristics, postoperative outcomes, and complications to identify risk factors for unplanned intubation (UI) in adult patients undergoing craniotomy for a brain tumor and created a risk score framework for that cohort. Patients undergoing surgery for a brain tumor were identified according to primary Current Procedural Terminology codes, and information found in The American College of Surgeons (ACS) National Surgical Quality Improvement Project (NSQIP) database from 2012 to 2015 was reviewed.

Translational Brain Mapping at the University of Rochester Medical Center: Preserving the Mind Through Personalized Brain Mapping.

The Translational Brain Mapping Program at the University of Rochester is an interdisciplinary effort that integrates cognitive science, neurophysiology, neuroanesthesia, and neurosurgery. Patients who have tumors or epileptogenic tissue in eloquent brain areas are studied preoperatively with functional and structural MRI, and intraoperatively with direct electrical stimulation mapping. Post-operative neural and cognitive outcome measures fuel basic science studies about the factors that mediate good versus poor outcome after surgery, and how brain mapping can be further optimized to ensure the best outcome for future patients.

Surgical Management and Adjuvant Therapy for Patients With Neurological Deficits From Vertebral Hemangiomas: A Meta-Analysis.

Study Design: Meta-analysis.

Objective: To understand the benefits and limitations of surgical management and adjuvant therapies for patients presenting with neurological deficits from vertebral hemangiomas (VH).

Summary Of Background Data: VH is the most common benign spine tumor but rarely causes symptoms.

Nomogram for Individualized Prediction and Prognostic Factors for Survival in Patients with Primary Spinal Chordoma: A Population-Based Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Background: Chordoma is a type of rare bone tumor and is a relatively slow-growing, low-grade malignancy that is locally invasive and aggressive. The nomogram is widely used in the field of cancer because it can provide a clear picture for clinicians to predict the survival rate, which can lead more accurate decisions in clinical treatment.

Methods: Overall, 875 patients with a primary spinal chordoma were identified and collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry databases (1973-2015).

Comparative Analysis of Decompression Versus Decompression and Fusion for Surgical Management of Lumbar Spondylolisthesis.

Objective: When lumbar stenosis involves spondylolisthesis, many surgeons include fixation. Two recent trials have shown no consensus to definitive treatment. We aimed to add to the discourse of fusion versus decompression in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis by providing a large-scale generalizable study.

What is the advance of extent of resection in glioblastoma surgical treatment-a systematic review.

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor characterized by poor prognosis, increased invasiveness, and high relapse rates. The relative survival estimates are quite low in spite of the standard treatment for GBM in recent years. Now, it has been gradually accepted that the amount of tumor mass removed correlates with longer survival rates.

Use of image-guided bone scalpel for resection of spine tumors: technical note.

In the literature, the use of navigation for spine tumor surgery has largely centered on implant placement. We describe the cases of two patients with spinal tumors on whom we utilized our resection technique of registering an ultrasonic bone scalpel (UBS) to a navigation system. In both cases, we achieved a satisfactory tumor resection with negative margins and excellent neurologic outcomes.

Risk Factors and Associated Complications of Symptomatic Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Craniotomy for Meningioma.

Objective: Patients undergoing surgical resection of meningioma are at increased risk for developing venous thromboembolism (VTE). The aim of this study was to assess occurrence of VTE in patients who underwent surgical resection of meningioma to determine risk factors and associated complications of VTE.

Methods: The American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Project database from 2012 to 2015 was reviewed for patients who had undergone meningioma resection according to primary Current Procedural Terminology codes and International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision.