BRISC-Mediated PPM1B-K63 Deubiquitination and Subsequent TGF-β Pathway Activation Promote High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet-Induced Arterial Stiffness.

Background: Metabolic syndrome heightens cardiovascular disease risk primarily through increased arterial stiffness. We previously demonstrated the involvement of YAP (Yes-associated protein) in high-fat/high-sucrose diet (HFHSD)-induced arterial stiffness via modulation of PPM1B (protein phosphatase Mg/Mn-dependent 1B)-lysine63 (K63) deubiquitination. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the role and mechanisms underlying PPM1B deubiquitination in HFHSD-induced arterial stiffness.

Endovascular single-branched stent graft to treat complicated type B aortic dissection involving aortic arch anomalies.

Background: The optimal treatment of complicated type B aortic dissection (cTBAD) involving arch anomalies remain unclear.

Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients with cTBAD involving arch anomalies who underwent endovascular repair using a single-branched stent graft (SBSG) at our medical center between January 2020 and January 2023. The demographics, clinical manifestation, operation detail, and follow-up outcomes of these patients were retrospectively collected and analyzed.

Photoredox-Catalyzed Aminolactonization of 2-Styrylbenzoic Acids with -Aminopyridinium Salts to Access 4-Sulfonamino-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins.

A photoredox-catalyzed aminolactonization of unsaturated carboxylic acids was achieved using -aminopyridinium salts as the amino radical precursor. The transformation features mild conditions and a remarkably broad substrate scope, offering an efficient approach to construct a wide range of 4-sulfonamino 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins. Mechanistic studies indicate that the reaction proceeds via a distinctive -aminopyridinium salt-promoted electrophilic amination of 2-styrylbenzoic acids.

Environmental DNA/RNA metabarcoding for noninvasive and comprehensive monitoring and assessment of marine fishes.

Marine fisheries resources are under increasing threat, necessitating the development of new effective monitoring and management strategies. Environmental DNA (eDNA) and RNA (eRNA) metabarcoding has emerged as a non-invasive and sensitive alternative method for monitoring fish biodiversity and fisheries resources and assessing the fisheries impact of anthropogenic activities. Here, we summarize crucial technical details about eDNA metabarcoding for marine fish monitoring and provide meta-analytical trends in primer selection and sample size, assessment standards, fish and fisheries databases, reference fish genomic databases, and other relevant metrics.

Effect of Aconitum diphtheria on the Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Inflammatory Response of Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a highly disabling autoimmune disease, is characterized by joint damage and synovial hyperplasia. This paper was designed to explore the effect and mechanisms of Aconitum diphtheria on the proliferation and apoptosis of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS). First, RA-FLS was treated with different doses of A.

Comparative Transcriptome Analyses Provide Potential Insights into Molecular Mechanisms of Anthocyanin-Rich Blueberry Extract in Rapid Intervention Against Acute Alcohol Exposure in Mice.

Alcohol-induced health damage has become an increasing global public health concern. Anthocyanins exhibit essential biological activities, including antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid reduction. This study investigates the rapid intervention effects and mechanisms of anthocyanin-rich blueberry extract in mitigating acute alcohol exposure in mice, aiming to uncover its novel nutritional roles.

Effects of temperature on physiology, transcription, and toxin production of the harmful benthic dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus belizeanus.

Benthic dinoflagellates constitute a group of microalgae that inhabit the ocean floor, adhering to substrates such as coral, seagrasses, and sand. Certain species within this group have the potential to produce toxins. Ocean warming could increase the occurrence of harmful benthic dinoflagellate blooms, which pose a significant threat to coastal ecosystems in tropical and subtropical regions.

Activation of MST1 protects filtration barrier integrity of diabetic kidney disease in mice through restoring the tight junctions of glomerular endothelial cells.

As a pathological feature of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), dysregulated glomerular filtration barrier function could lead to the increased levels of proteinuria. The integrity of tight junctions (TJs) of glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) is a guarantee of physiological function of glomerular filtration barrier. Mammalian sterile 20-like kinase (MST1) is a key regulatory protein in the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and it regulates the expression of TJs-related proteins in cerebral vascular endothelial cells.

Epstein-Barr virus infection upregulates extracellular OLFM4 to activate YAP signaling during gastric cancer progression.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are known to mediate cell communications and shape tumor microenvironment. Compared to the well-studied small EVs, the function of large microvesicles (MVs) during tumorigenesis is poorly understood. Here we show the proteome of MVs in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC), and identify olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) is induced by EBV infection and secreted via MVs to promote tumor progression through Hippo signaling.

Pyrogenic PAHs Have Different Biogeochemical Fates in the Eastern Indian Ocean.

Understanding the fate of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the deep ocean is crucial for elucidating the biogeochemical cycle of organic carbon under anthropogenic influences. In this study, surface sediments were collected from the deep sea of the Eastern Indian Ocean (water depth: 2161-4545 m) and analyzed for 29 semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs), including parent PAHs and their alkylated derivatives, as well as source biomarkers. The target SVOCs (∑SVOCs: 23.

Self-healing hyaluronic acid/polylysine hydrogel prepared by dual-click chemistry from polyrotaxane slidable crosslinkers.

A new type of pH-sensitive hydrogel containing supramolecular structures was fabricated from maleimide-functionalized polyrotaxane, ɛ-polylysine and furan-functionalized hyaluronic acid by Diels-Alder reaction and amino-maleimide reaction. Firstly, pseudo polyrotaxane was obtained through self-assembly of polyethylene glycol and α-cyclodextrin, and then capped with 1-adamantanecarboxylic acid to convert it into polyrotaxane. Secondly, a maleimide-functionalized slidable crosslinker was obtained by modifying the polyrotaxane with 3-maleimide propionic acid, and furan-functionalized hyaluronic acid was prepared by modifying it with 2-furanmethylamine.

Field evidence and modeling validation of biogeochemical controls on the deposition of persistent organic pollutants in the deep ocean.

Deposition in the deep ocean plays a crucial role in the global sink of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), yet observation-based assessments of their biogeochemical cycling are scarce. In this study, surface sediments were collected from deep sea of the Eastern Indian Ocean (2161-4545 m) and analyzed for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Long-range atmospheric transport was identified as the dominant pathway for OCPs (36.

Treatment Preferences of Physicians Treating Adult Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in the United States and Canada: A Discrete Choice Experiment.

Introduction: Factors influencing attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment preferences have been studied among patients but not physicians in the United States (US) and Canada. This study assessed treatment preferences of physicians treating adult patients with ADHD in both countries.

Methods: An online discrete choice experiment (DCE) was conducted (October 4-20, 2023) among physicians from Dynata's US and Canadian panel who treated adult patients with ADHD.

Improved prognostication of overall survival after radiotherapy in lung cancer patients by an interpretable machine learning model integrating lung and tumor radiomics and clinical parameters.

Background: Accurate prognostication of overall survival (OS) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients receiving definitive radiotherapy (RT) is crucial for developing personalized treatment strategies. This study aims to construct an interpretable prognostic model that combines radiomic features extracted from normal lung and from primary tumor with clinical parameters. Our model aimed to clarify the complex, nonlinear interactions between these variables and enhance prognostic accuracy.

Antiviral effects of rhein on largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV).

Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV), also known as largemouth bass virus (LMBV), is a highly damaging viral pathogen that causes widespread mortality in cultured largemouth bass and poses a significant threat to the farming industry in China. However, there is a paucity of effective preventive methods for this disease by LMBRaV. Research has established that herbal extracts possess antiviral activity, potentially exerting a controlling effect on viruses in aquaculture.

A fragmentation study of disaccharide flavonoid C-glycosides using triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and its application for identification of flavonoid C-glycosides in Odontosoria chinensis.

Rationale: Flavonoid C-glycosides have a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, there are few mass spectrometric research on C,O-disaccharide flavonoid C-glycosides and di-C,O-saccharide flavonoid C-glycosides. Their low-energy collision-induced dissociation (ESI-CID-MS/MS) fragmentation pattern and differences have not been reported, and the fragment ion library is incomplete.

Structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of a low-molecular-weight jujube polysaccharide by ultrasound assisted metal-free Fenton reaction.

This study used an ultrasonically accelerated metal-free Fenton (HO-V system) reaction to promote water-extracted degrading polysaccharides from (DZMP). A novel jujube polysaccharide (DPZMP3) was obtained by degradation using DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow and Sephacryl S-100 column chromatography. Methylation analysis, HPGPC, ion chromatography, FT-IR, and NMR spectroscopies were used to clarify the chemical structures of DPZMP3.

One-step construction of silver nanoparticles immersed hydrogels by triple-helix β-glucans and the application in infectious wound healing.

Hydrogels composed of polysaccharides and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely recognized for their applications in wound dressings, particularly for healing wounds prone to infection. Traditional methods for preparing AgNPs immersed hydrogels are often complex, costly, and may lead to sustained cytotoxicity. To address these challenges, we developed a biocompatible, one-step green reduction strategy to generate AgNPs within hydrogels using a triple-helix β-glucan (PCPA) derived from Poria cocos, a renowned Chinese traditional herb.

The Structure Characterization of Polysaccharides from Codonopsis Pilosula and the Structure-Activity Relationship with Immune-Regulation on THP-1 Cells.

In recent years, polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula (CPs) have received increasing attention for their excellent behaviors in immune-regulation. However, the relationship between the structure and immunomodulatory activity has rarely been reported. In this work, four fractions purified from crude CPs (CPW, CPS0.

Bidirectional Interaction of Sepsis and Sleep Disorders: The Underlying Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.

Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ injury induced by infection, with high incidence and mortality. Sleep disorder is prevalent in septic patients and approximately 50% of patients with sepsis may develop atypical sleep patterns, but many of them may have been underdiagnosed by physicians. Sleep disorders and sepsis exhibit a close bidirectional relationship, with each condition significantly influencing the other.

Modulation of the Arabidopsis Starch Metabolic Network by the Cytosolic Acetyl-CoA Pathway in the Context of the Diurnal Illumination Cycle.

The starch metabolic network was investigated in relation to other metabolic processes by examining a mutant with altered single-gene expression of ATP citrate lyase (ACL), an enzyme responsible for generating cytosolic acetyl-CoA pool from citrate. Previous research has shown that transgenic antisense plants with reduced ACL activity accumulate abnormally enlarged starch granules. In this study, we explored the underlying molecular mechanisms linking cytosolic acetyl-CoA generation and starch metabolism under short-day photoperiods.

Research progress on measurement methods and evaluation of the hemodialysis adequacy index Kt/V.

The most common form of replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is hemodialysis, and the adequacy of hemodialysis is strongly associated with the quality of life and long-term survival of patients. Kt/V is currently one of the most important indicators for evaluating the adequacy of hemodialysis. There are many methods for measuring Kt/V, such as blood collection and measurement, dialysate measurement, bioresistive resistance, WinNonlin software analysis, and artificial intelligence.