Effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab and infliximab in biologic-naïve patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis: A multicenter, retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: We conducted this multicenter, retrospective cohort study aiming to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of vedolizumab (VDZ) and infliximab (IFX) in biologic-naïve patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Biologic-naïve patients with moderate-to-severe UC who were treated with IFX or VDZ for at least 14 weeks at three tertiary hospitals in southwest China between January 2021 and January 2023 were retrospectively included. Efficacy of the biologics was evaluated based on the steroid-free clinical remission rate, clinical remission rate, and mucosal healing rate at Weeks 14 and 52.

mTORC2 acts as a gatekeeper for mTORC1 deficiency-mediated impairments in ILC3 development.

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) are mediators of intestinal immunity and barrier function. Recent studies have investigated the role of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTOR) in ILC3s, whereas the mTORC1-related mechanisms and crosstalk between mTORC1 and mTORC2 involved in regulating ILC3 homeostasis remain unknown. In this study, we found that mTORC1 but not mTORC2 was critical in ILC3 development, IL-22 production, and ILC3-mediated intestinal homeostasis.

Erythromycin inhibits cigarette smoke-induced inflammation through regulating the PPARγ/NF-κB signaling pathway in macrophages.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by chronic inflammation of the airway and lungs. Accumulating evidence has suggested that erythromycin (EM) plays a protective role against cigarette smoke-induced oxidative stress and the inflammatory response. However, the underlying mechanisms remain relatively unclear.

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is associated with Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome by increasing mainly abundance.

Diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D) is the main subtype of IBS, a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), which is characterized by dysbiosis of the bowel, causes gastrointestinal symptoms quite similar to IBS-D. However, whether SIBO correlates with IBS-D and its further mechanism remain unknown.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Ameliorates Experimentally Induced Colitis in Mice by Upregulating AhR.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory disease that occurs in the colon and rectum. While fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is gaining attention as a clinical treatment of UC, the molecular mechanisms behind this effect have yet to be fully understood. A C57BL/6 mouse model was established to test whether FMT promotes the recovery of colon inflammation.

Epigenetic restriction of Hippo signaling by MORC2 underlies stemness of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

The evolutionarily conserved Hippo signaling pathway is a key regulator of stem cell self-renewal, differentiation, and organ size. While alterations in Hippo signaling are causally linked to uncontrolled cell growth and a broad range of malignancies, genetic mutations in the Hippo pathway are uncommon and it is unclear how the tumor suppressor function of the Hippo pathway is disrupted in human cancers. Here, we report a novel epigenetic mechanism of Hippo inactivation in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

[Identification, Expression and Antigenicity Analysis of Serpin B6 of Taenia solium].

Objective: To identify and express serpin B6 of Taenia solium (Tsserpin B6) and explore its possible use as a diagnostic antigen.

Methods: Primers for Tsserpin B6 were designed according to T. solium genome and transcriptome data.

[Identification of Taenia solium Insulin Receptor TsIR-1316 and Expression of Its Ligand Binding Domain].

Objective: To characterize the structure of insulin receptor of Taenia solium（TsIR-1316） and express its ligand binding domain (LBD).

Methods: Primers for TsIR-1316 were designed according to the genomic data of T. solium, and the TsIR-1316 gene was amplified by PCR.

Intermittent hormone therapy versus continuous hormone therapy for locally advanced prostate cancer: a meta-analysis.

Few randomized studies have compared intermittent hormone therapy (IHT) with continuous hormone therapy (CHT) for the treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we report the results of a meta-analysis of a randomized controlled trial, evaluating the effectiveness of IHT versus CHT for patients with locally advanced PCa. Types of intervention were IHT versus CHT.

Construction of a cDNA library from the ephemeral plant Olimarabidopsis pumila and preliminary analysis of expressed sequence tags.

Olimarabidopsis pumila is a close relative of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana but, unlike A. thaliana, it is a salt-tolerant ephemeral plant that is widely distributed in semi-arid and semi-salinized regions of the Xinjiang region of China, thus providing an ideal candidate plant system for salt tolerance gene mining. A good-quality cDNA library was constructed using cap antibody to enrich full-length cDNA with the gateway technology allowing library construction without traditional methods of cloning by use of restriction enzymes.

Role of protein kinase G on the post-shock mesenteric lymph blockage ameliorating vascular calcium sensitivity.

Purpose: To investigate the role of protein kinase G (PKG) in blocking post-shock mesenteric lymph (PSML) return ameliorating the calcium sensitivity in hemorrhagic shock rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into sham, shock, shock+ligation (shock plus mesenteric lymph duct ligation (MLDL)), shock+drainage (shock plus PSML drainage) groups. After shock (hypotension 40 mm Hg) for three hours or corresponding times, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was taken out for detecting the PKG and phospho PKG (p-PKG) contents, and the vascular rings of SMA were prepared for assaying the calcium sensitivity using an isolated organ perfusion system.

Mesenteric lymph return is an important contributor to vascular hyporeactivity and calcium desensitization after hemorrhagic shock.

Vascular hyporeactivity is an important factor in irreversible shock, whereas calcium desensitization is one of the mechanisms of vascular hyporeactivity, and the intestinal lymphatic pathway plays an important role in multiple organ injury after severe hemorrhagic shock (HS). In this study, our aims were to determine the effects of mesenteric lymph on vascular reactivity during HS and the mechanisms involved. First, the in vivo pressor response was observed by intravenous injection of norepinephrine (3 μg/kg) at different time points after HS.

[Involvement of protein kinase C in enhancement of vascular calcium sensitivity by blocking mesenteric lymph return in hemorrhagic shock rats].

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether protein kinase C (PKC) was involved in the effect of mesenteric lymph duct ligation or mesenteric lymph drainage on vascular calcium sensitivity in hemorrhagic shock rats. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into Sham, Shock (hemorrhagic shock), Shock+Ligation (mesenteric lymph duct ligation plus shock) and Shock+Drainage (mesenteric lymph drainage plus shock) groups. After being in shock (hypotension 40 mmHg) for 3 h, the tissue of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was taken out for detecting the PKC expression and phospho-PKC (p-PKC) activity, and the vascular rings of SMA were prepared and used to measure the response to gradient calcium concentration for assaying the calcium sensitivity, the parameters of which including tension, maximum tension (E(max)) and negative logarithm of EC(50), called the pD(2).

Prenatal exposure to inflammation induced by zymosan results in activation of intrarenal renin-angiotensin system in adult offspring rats.

Prenatal exposure to inflammation produces offspring that are hypertensive in adulthood. The present study was to explore the role of intrarenal renin-angiotensin (Ang) system in the development of hypertension programmed by prenatal exposure to zymosan. Pregnant rats were randomly divided into control group and zymosan group (n = 6).

Novel mitochondrial DNA mutations associated with Chinese familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

1. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder that has a complex set of symptoms and potentially devastating consequences. Increasing evidence indicates that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations are responsible for the development of HCM, but the mtDNA mutations appear to differ considerably among different populations and regions.

Prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide results in increases in blood pressure and body weight in rats.

Aim: To investigate the effects of prenatal exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on blood pressure and body weight of offspring in rats.

Methods: Sixteen healthy, pregnant rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. The rats in the LPS group were injected intraperitoneally with LPS (0.