Change in habitual intakes of flavonoid-rich foods and mortality in US males and females.

Background: Higher baseline intakes of flavonoid-rich foods and beverages are associated with a lower risk of chronic disease and mortality in observational studies. However, associations between changes in intakes and mortality remain unclear. We aimed to evaluate associations between 8-year changes in intakes of (1) individual flavonoid-rich foods and (2) a composite measure (termed the 'flavodiet') of foods and beverages that are known to be main contributors to flavonoid intake and subsequent total and cause-specific mortality.

A validated LC-MS/MS method for the determination of hederasaponin C: Application to pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics studies in the therapeutic area of acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats.

Hederasaponin C (HSC), one of the main components of Pulsatilla chinensis, is considered as a potential drug for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. In the present research, we developed a pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics model to describe the concentration-effect course of drug action following the intraperitoneal injection of HSC in colitis rats. A sensitive UPLC-MS/MS method was established for the the determination of HSC in rat plasma to explore the pharmacokinetics properties.

Perinatal outcomes of singleton live births after preimplantation genetic testing during single frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer cycles: a propensity score-matched study.

Objective: To determine whether singleton pregnancy achieved after preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is associated with a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes than in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) singleton pregnancy.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: A university-affiliated fertility center.

Higher extracellular water to total body water ratio was associated with chronic kidney disease progression in type 2 diabetes.

Aim: We studied the association between extracellular volume status and chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression; and the role of extracellular volume excess as a potential mediator in the relationship between matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)-2 and CKD progression in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of 1079 T2DM patients. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) was performed to assess body fluid status.

Frugoside delays osteoarthritis progression via inhibiting miR-155-modulated synovial macrophage M1 polarization.

Objectives: Direct inhibition of M1 polarization of synovial macrophages may be a useful therapeutic treatment for OA and OA-associated synovitis. Frugoside (FGS) is a cardiac glycoside compound isolated and extracted from Calotropis gigantea. Cardiac glycosides possess interesting anti-inflammatory potential.

The role of pulse pressure in navigating the paradigm of chronic kidney disease progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background And Aims: Arterial stiffness is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease progression (CKD). Pulse pressure is a surrogate marker of arterial stiffness. It is unclear if pulse pressure predicts CKD progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Medical Costs Associated with Severity of Chronic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Singapore.

Introduction: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study to assess the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its severity in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on direct medical costs, and the effects of economic burden on CKD related complications in T2DM in Singapore.

Methods: A total of 1,275 T2DM patients were recruited by the diabetes centre at Khoo Teck Puat Hospital from 2011-2014. CKD stages were classified based on improving global outcome (KDIGO) categories, namely the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria kidney disease.

Supplemental Nicotinamide Dose-Dependently Regulates Body Phosphorus Excretion via Altering Type II Sodium-Phosphate Co-Transporter Expressions in Laying Hens.

Background: Dietary supplemental nicotinamide is used to treat hyperphosphatemia in humans. However, the mechanisms of its impact on body phosphorus homeostasis remain unclear.

Objective: This study was to determine effects and molecular mechanisms of 3 dietary nicotinamide concentrations on body phosphorus homeostasis in laying hens.

[Responses of soil microbial biomass C and P to different long-term fertilization treatments in the yellow paddy soil].

To explore the rational fertilization mode to improve the availability of soil phosphorus (P), we analyzed the changes and coupling characteristics of soil carbon (C) and P, microbial biomass C (MBC) and P (MBP) under different fertilization modes with a successive 22-year field experiment in yellow paddy soil. The experiment had 10 treatments, including no fertilization (CK), single application of nitrogen (N), combination of phosphorus and potassium (PK), combination of nitrogen and potassium (NK), combination of nitrogen and phosphorus (NP), combination of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK), single application of organic fertilizer (M), and three organic-inorganic fertilizer combinations (1/4M+3/4NP, 0.5MNP, MNPK).

[Prediction on spatial migration of suitable distribution of Elaeagnus mollis under climate change conditions in Shanxi Province, China].

The impacts of climate change on biodiversity and its adaptation will directly affect the efficiency of biodiversity conservation. Predicting spatial variation of suitable habitats of threatened species under future climate change has important theoretical and practical significance for biodiversity conservation. In this study, we predicted the suitable distribution of Elaeagnus mollis, an endemic endangered plant in China, under climate change at regional scales.

Impact of haemoglobin A1c trajectories on chronic kidney disease progression in type 2 diabetes.

Aim: To characterize haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) trajectories and examine their associations with chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study on 770 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) attending a diabetes centre in 2002-2017. Group-based trajectory modelling was used to identify HbA1c trajectories.

Medical costs associated with chronic kidney disease progression in an Asian population with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: We aim to examine difference in incremental direct medical costs between non-progressive and progressive chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Singapore.

Methods: This was a prospective study on 676 patients with T2DM attending a diabetes centre in a regional hospital. Annual direct medical costs were extracted from the administrative database.

Long-term prospective observation suggests that glomerular hyperfiltration is associated with rapid decline in renal filtration function: A multiethnic study.

Aim: Glomerular hyperfiltration usually occurs early in development of kidney complications in diabetes. To understand hyperfiltration as a marker of renal disease progression in type 2 diabetes mellitus, we aimed to examine association between glomerular hyperfiltration (estimated glomerular filtration rate ⩾ 120 mL/min/1.73 m) and rapid renal decline (annual estimated glomerular filtration rate loss ⩾ 3 mL/min/1.

[Effect of long-term application of NPK fertilizer on maize yield and yellow soil nutrients sustainability in Guizhou, China].

A long-term fertilization field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilizer on maize relative yield, yield-increasing effect and the changes of nutrients in yellow soil in Guizhou Province. Five fertilizer combinations were evaluated, including balanced fertilization (NPK) and nutrient deficiency treatments (N, NK, NP, and PK). The maize relative yield, contribution efficiency of N, P, K fertilizer application, sustainability index of soil N, P, K nutrients, and other indicators were measured.

Discovery and validation of serum creatinine variability as novel biomarker for predicting onset of albuminuria in Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Aim: We aim to study association serum creatinine(cr) variability and albuminuria progression.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at a Diabetes Centre in Singapore ("discovery cohort"). Outcome is worsening of urinary albumin-to-creatinine(ACR) across stages.

Long-term outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes attending a multidisciplinary diabetes kidney disease clinic.

Background: The best model of care to retard diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in the clinic is underexplored. In this study we investigated the long-term renal outcomes of a joint endocrinologist-nephrologist clinic.

Methods: The present study was a nested case-control study derived from a cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) seen prospectively at a secondary care diabetes center (DC).

Effect of long-term glycemic variability on estimated glomerular filtration rate decline among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: Insights from the Diabetic Nephropathy Cohort in Singapore.

Background: In the present study, we examined the association between HbA1c variability and renal disease progression based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Singapore.

Methods: Glycemic burden and renal function were retrospectively assessed in 1628 patients in 2002-2014. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the relationships between HbA1c variability (expressed as HbA1c coefficient of variation [HbA1c-CV] in quartiles), HbA1c intrapersonal mean (HbA1c-IM), and eGFR decline, adjusted for baseline covariates.

Development and validation of a predictive model for Chronic Kidney Disease progression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus based on a 13-year study in Singapore.

Aims: This study aims to develop and validate a predictive model for Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progression in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We conducted a prospective study on 1582 patients with T2DM from a Diabetes Centre in regional hospital in 2002-2014. CKD progression was defined as deterioration across eGFR categories with ⩾25% drop from baseline.

[Response of Olsen-P to P balance in yellow soil upland of southwestern China under long-term fertilization.].

Based on a long-term fertilization experiment in Guizhou Province, we explored the relationships between the soil available phosphorus (Olsen-P), soil apparent P balance and P application rate in order to quantify the best application rate of P fertilizer in yellow upland soil of southwestern China. Moreover, the response curve of crop yield to soil Olsen-P was fitted by Mitscherlich equation to determine the critical content of Olsen-P for crop yield. The results showed that the long-term application of P fertilizer could significantly increase the content of soil Olsen-P, and the increasing rates of Olsen-P across different treatments could be mainly explained by the application rate of P fertilizer.

Onset and progression of kidney disease in type 2 diabetes among multi-ethnic Asian population.

Aim: To elucidate the natural history of chronic kidney disease(CKD), which is defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)<60ml/min/1.73m(2) and/or increase of urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (uACR)≥30mg/g), and to identify factors associated with its onset and progression.

Methods: Prospective cohort study on individuals with T2DM attending Diabetes Centre in a regional hospital in Singapore from 2002.

MicroRNA-21 and -146b are involved in the pathogenesis of murine viral myocarditis by regulating TH-17 differentiation.

Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a common cardiovascular disease, and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been postulated to be involved in its pathology. Using microarrays, we observed that miRNA-21 and -146b were upregulated in a murine model of VMC. We also found that miRNA-451 was downregulated.

Laboratory evaluation of the molluscicidal activity of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel saponins against the snail Oncomelania hupensis.

Objective: To observe the toxicity of Pulsatilla chinensis (Bunge) Regel saponins (PRS) against Oncomelania hupensis (O. hupensis).

Methods: O.

Use of aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs increases risk for diverticulitis and diverticular bleeding.

Background & Aims: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including aspirin, have been implicated in diverticular complications. We examined the influence of aspirin and NSAID use on risk of diverticulitis and diverticular bleeding in a large prospective cohort.

Methods: We studied 47,210 US men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study cohort who were 40-75 years old at baseline in 1986.

Increased expression of ubiquitin-specific protease 22 can promote cancer progression and predict therapy failure in human colorectal cancer.

Background And Aims: Increasing experimental evidence suggests that ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22) could exhibit a critical function in pathological processes, including oncogenesis and cell cycle progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of USP22 and the association with its potential targets in colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We evaluated the implication of USP22 and the candidate targets, such as B-cell-specific murine leukemia virus integration site-1 (BMI-1), cellular homolog of avian myelocytomatosis virus oncogene (c-Myc), cyclin D2, inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4 (p16INK4a), and an alternate reading frame product of the CDKN2A locus (p14ARF), in matched samples comprising carcinoma and adjacent non-cancerous mucosa from 82 patients with CRC using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining analyses.