Synthesis and Characterisation of Self-Cleaning TiO/PES Mixed Matrix Membranes in the Removal of Humic Acid.

Membrane application is widespread in water filtration to remove natural organic matter (NOM), especially humic acid. However, there is a significant concern in membrane filtration, which is fouling, which will cause a reduction in the membrane life span, a high energy requirement, and a loss in product quality. Therefore, the effect of a TiO/PES mixed matrix membrane on different concentrations of TiO photocatalyst and different durations of UV irradiation was studied in removing humic acid to determine the anti-fouling and self-cleaning effects.