Advancements in dengue vaccines: A historical overview and pro-spects for following next-generation candidates.

Dengue, caused by four serotypes of dengue viruses (DENV-1 to DENV-4), is the most prevalent and widely mosquito-borne viral disease affecting humans. Dengue virus (DENV) infection has been reported in over 100 countries, and approximately half of the world's population is now at risk. The paucity of universally licensed DENV vaccines highlights the urgent need to address this public health concern.

Pairing Electrocatalytic Reduction and Oxidation of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into Highly Value-Added Chemicals.

Simultaneous electrocatalytic reduction and oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is crucial for biomass refineries. Herein, we report the unprecedentedly high efficiency of the nearly complete conversion of biomass-derived HMF to value-added products, achieving >95% selectivity at -0.4 V vs RHE by pairing electrocatalytic reduction and oxidation (PERO) reactions in a single electrochemical cell.

AKR1D1 suppresses liver cancer progression by promoting bile acid metabolism-mediated NK cell cytotoxicity.

Bile acid metabolism and antitumor immunity are both disrupted during liver cancer progression. However, the complex regulatory relationship between them remains largely unclear. Here, we find that loss of aldo-keto reductase 1D1 (AKR1D1) promotes the accumulation of isolithocholic acid (iso-LCA) through gut microbiome dysregulation, thereby impairing the cytotoxic function of natural killer (NK) cells and leading to the accelerated development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Boosting photoelectric performance of BiVO photoanode by tailoring ultrathin CoS-BiS nanolayer for self-powered aptasensing of 17α-ethinylestradiol.

Background: Self-powered electrochemical sensors derived from photofuel cells (PFCs) have emerged as a promising analytical tool due to their simplicity and low energy requirements. Nevertheless, the limited photoelectric response of photoelectrode often does not generate adequate output power for effective sensor application. This study addresses this critical issue by exploring innovative strategies to enhance the photoelectric performance of BiVO photoanodes.

Two Birds with One Stone Strategy: Simultaneous Removal of Cr(VI) and Cr(III) Efficiently by Porous ZnInS/SBA-15 Nanorods.

Carcinogen Cr(VI) is reduced efficiently into Cr(III) by a photocatalyst, but the produced Cr(III) is difficult to transfer from the photocatalytic active site. The "two birds with one stone" strategy is proposed to realize the in situ growth of ZnInS nanoplates on SBA-15 and the creation of separated active sites, in which ZnO loading on the porous SBA-15 nanorod was used as a zinc source. Obtained samples ZnInS/SBA-15 (ZIS/SBA) showed the redshift of the absorption band and better separation of photoinduced carriers than pristine ZnInS, due to its smaller size and S defect.

Network pharmacology-based study on the mechanism of Tangfukang formula against type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: To explore the mechanism of Tangfukang formula (, TFK) in treating type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: We employed network pharmacology combined with experimental validation to explore the potential mechanism of TFK against T2DM. Initially, we filtered bioactive compounds with the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP) and Symptom Mapping (SymMap), and gathered targets of TFK and T2DM.

A Survey of Deep Learning-Based Pedestrian Trajectory Prediction: Challenges and Solutions.

Pedestrian trajectory prediction is widely used in various applications, such as intelligent transportation systems, autonomous driving, and social robotics. Precisely forecasting surrounding pedestrians' future trajectories can assist intelligent agents in achieving better motion planning. Currently, deep learning-based trajectory prediction methods have demonstrated superior prediction performance to traditional approaches by learning from trajectory data.

Design of Selective Detector for Distributed Targets Through Stochastic Characteristic of the Fictitious Signal.

We investigate the problem of detecting the distributed targets buried in the Gaussian noise whose covariance matrix is unknown when signal mismatch occurs. The idea is to add a fictitious signal under the null hypothesis of the origin detection problem so that when signal mismatch occurs, the fictitious signal captures the mismatched signals, thus making the null hypothesis more plausible. More precisely, the fictitious signal is modeled as a Gaussian component with a covariance matrix of a stochastic factor multiplied by a rank-one matrix.

Tunable luminescence in Eu/Sm doped NaYMgVO for WLEDs and optical thermometry.

In recent years, it has become a development trend to design multi-application luminescent materials with rare earth ion doping. In this work, a series of Eu/Sm doped self-activated NaYMgVO (NYMVO) phosphors were synthesized through a simple high-temperature solid-state reaction method. Interestingly, due to the energy transfer (ET) from the matrix to the activators, the luminescence color of the phosphors changed from turquoise to orange-red and yellow-green under near-ultraviolet (n-UV) 365 nm excitation.

Dorsal bed nucleus of the stria terminalis GABA neurons are necessary for chronic unpredictable stress-induced depressive behaviors in adolescent male mice.

Background: Previous studies have shown that neurons in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis (BNST) respond to stress and play a key role in mental health. However, the cellular bases of BNST in adolescent depression remain elusive.

Methods: Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to the control (Ctrl) or chronic unpredictable stress (CUS) groups.

A five-gene prognosis model based on lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation site genes to predict the survival and therapy response in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the most malignancy diseases. Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (Kbhb) has been reported to involve various metabolism and cancer progression.

Methods: Data from online databases (TCGA and GEO) were retrieved for the selection of differential expressed Kbhb site genes (DTRGs).

HiQ-FPAR: A High-Quality and Value-added MODIS Global FPAR Product from 2000 to 2023.

The Fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active Radiation (FPAR) is essential for assessing vegetation's photosynthetic efficiency and ecosystem energy balance. While the MODIS FPAR product provides valuable global data, its reliability is compromised by noise, particularly under poor observation conditions like cloud cover. To solve this problem, we developed the Spatio-Temporal Information Composition Algorithm (STICA), which enhances MODIS FPAR by integrating quality control, spatio-temporal correlations, and original FPAR values, resulting in the High-Quality FPAR (HiQ-FPAR) product.

Dual-Nano Composite Design with Grain Boundary Segregation for Enhanced Strength and Plasticity in CoCrNi-CuZr Thin Films.

Enhancing both strength and plasticity simultaneously in nanostructured materials remains a significant challenge. While grain refinement is effective in increasing strength, it typically leads to reduced plasticity due to localized strain. In this study, we propose a novel design strategy featuring a dual-nano composite structure with grain boundary segregation to enhance the deformation stability of nanostructured materials.

Characterization of antimicrobial properties of TroH2A-29 peptide from golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus).

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are small, potent molecules that serve as a crucial first line of defense across a wide range of organisms, including fish. In this study, we investigated the antimicrobial properties of a novel peptide, spanning residues 52 to 80 of the full-length histone H2A protein, comprising a total of 29 amino acids. This peptide, designated as Histone H2A-29 (TroH2A-29), was derived from the golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus) and evaluated for its activity against both Gram-positive bacteria, Lactococcus garvieae and Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Gram-negative bacteria, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi.

Differentiating Pulmonary Nodule Malignancy Using Exhaled Volatile Organic Compounds: A Prospective Observational Study.

Background: Advances in imaging technology have enhanced the detection of pulmonary nodules. However, determining malignancy often requires invasive procedures or repeated radiation exposure, underscoring the need for safer, noninvasive diagnostic alternatives. Analyzing exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) shows promise, yet its effectiveness in assessing the malignancy of pulmonary nodules remains underexplored.

GATD3A-deficiency-induced mitochondrial dysfunction facilitates senescence of fibroblast-like synoviocytes and osteoarthritis progression.

Accumulating evidence indicates that cellular senescence is closely associated with osteoarthritis. However, there is limited research on the mechanisms underlying fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and its impact on osteoarthritis progression. Here, we elucidate a positive correlation between fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence and osteoarthritis progression and reveal that GATD3A deficiency induces fibroblast-like synoviocyte senescence.

[Characteristics of Nitrogen Cycle-related Bacterial Community and Its Response to Soil in the Main Lead-zinc Mine Reclamation Area of Lanping].

The nitrogen cycle has an important impact on the element cycle of the soil ecosystem. Moreover, it is important to clarify the key environmental factors of nitrogen cycle microorganisms for ecological restoration in mining areas. The functional flora can regulate the growth of vegetation by participating in the biogeochemical cycle of soil elements in the mining area, which is beneficial to the reclamation of the mining area.

Aloe Leaves-Inspired Multi-Stimuli Bidirectional Bending Self-Sensing Actuator for Smart Solar Panel.

Soft actuators with multi-stimuli response have shown promising applications in soft intelligent robots. However, most soft actuators are limited by the unidirectional actuation and self-perception capabilities. Here, a bilayer self-sensing actuator with bidirectional actuation is proposed, which showed exceptional bidirectional actuation, self-sensing of temperature and moisture, and smart solar panel.

ATP8A2 expression is reduced in the mPFC of offspring mice exposed to maternal immune activation and its upregulation ameliorates synapse-associated protein loss and behavioral abnormalities.

Prenatal virus infection-induced maternal immune activation (MIA) is linked to a greater risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring. Prenatal exposure to poly(I:C) in pregnant mice is a well-established approach to mimic virus infection-induced MIA, leading to neuropsychiatric disorders and aberrant brain development, especially in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). ATPase phospholipid flippase 8A2 (ATP8A2) is the main phospholipid lipase, expressed in the mPFC and is crucial for maintaining cell membrane stability by flipping phosphatidylserine from the outer leaflet to the inner leaflet of the cell membrane.

Complete genome sequence analysis of a novel nepovirus isolated from Jasminum polyanthum in Yunnan, China.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Jasminum polyanthum nepovirus 1 (JPV1), a novel virus associated with foliar ringspot symptoms in Jasminum polyanthum (Oleaceae). The genome of JPV1 consists of RNA1 and RNA2, both of which are monocistronic and are 7081 nt and 4212 nt in length, respectively. RNA1 encodes six functional proteins, including the X1 protein, X2 protein, NTP-binding protein (NTB), VPg protein, protease cofactor (Pro), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), while RNA2 encodes three functional proteins: the 2A protein, movement protein (MP), and capsid protein (CP).

Integration of AgPO/WO photoanode with bifunctional CuO cathode exhibiting photocatalytic and peroxidase-mimetic properties for nanozyme-coupled photoelectrocatalytic degradation of persistent pollutant.

The nanozyme-coupled photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) technology, which integrates the semiconductor photovoltaic effects with the enzyme-mimetic properties of nanomaterials, offers a promising and sustainable approach for removing organic contaminants from wastewater. In this study, a dual-photoelectrode PEC system comprising an AgPO/WO anode and a bifunctional CuO cathode was investigated for the efficient degradation of 2,5-dichlorophenol (2,5-DCP). Under simulated solar irradiation, the AgPO/WO photoanode demonstrated superior PEC activity for 2,5-DCP degradation and HO production.

Distribution of Pathogenic Bacteria and Drug Resistance in ICU of a Newly Built Hospital.

Objective: This study investigated the distribution and resistance patterns of pathogens in the intensive care unit of a newly established hospital in Guizhou Province to promote the rational use of antibiotics to reduce multidrug resistance.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the distribution of pathogens and changes in drug resistance in the ICU of a newly built hospital in Guizhou Province from March 2019 to December 2023. WHONET 5.