Thermodynamics and models for small nanoparticles upon protein adsorption.

Proteins are some of the most important components in living organisms. When nanoparticles enter a living system, they swiftly interact with proteins to produce the so-called "protein corona", which depicts the adsorption of proteins on large nanoparticles (normally tens to hundreds of nanometers). However, the sizes of small nanoparticles (typically, fluorescent nanomaterials such as quantum dots, noble metal nanoclusters, carbon dots, ) are less than 10 nm, which are comparable or even much smaller than those of proteins.

Molecular mechanism of enhancing antitumor activity through the interaction between monosaccharides and human serum albumin.

This study investigated the molecular mechanisms of the interactions between three antitumor active monosaccharides and human serum albumin (HSA) using spectroscopic and electrochemical analyses, supplemented by molecular docking simulations. The antitumor efficacy of these monosaccharides can be significantly enhanced by covalent drug coupling, while HSA, with its long half-life and low immunogenicity, provides new opportunities for the development of advanced antitumor drug delivery systems. The results showed that these monosaccharides effectively burst the fluorescence of HSA.

Effects of Staphylococcus aureus on stem cells and potential targeted treatment of inflammatory disorders.

Due to the advanced studies on stem cells in developmental biology, the roles of stem cells in the body and their phenotypes in related diseases have not been covered clearly. Meanwhile, with the intensive research on the mechanisms of stem cells in regulating various diseases, stem cell therapy is increasingly being attention because of its effectiveness and safety. As one of the most widely used stem cell in stem cell therapies, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation shows huge advantage in treatment of leukemia and other blood-malignant diseases.

Structure-activity relationship between gold nanoclusters and human serum albumin: Effects of ligand isomerization.

The interactions between gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and proteins have been extensively investigated. Nevertheless, the structure-activity relationship between gold nanoclusters and proteins in terms of ligand isomerization remained unclear. Here, interactions between AuNCs modified with para-, inter- and ortho-mercaptobenzoic acid (p/m/o-MBA-AuNCs) and human serum albumin (HSA) were analyzed.

Apigenin suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition in high glucose-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell by inhibiting CBP/p300-mediated histone acetylation.

Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical process implicated in the pathogenesis of retinal fibrosis and the exacerbation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) within retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. Apigenin (AP), a potential dietary supplement for managing diabetes and its associated complications, has demonstrated inhibitory effects on EMT in various diseases. However, the specific impact and underlying mechanisms of AP on EMT in RPE cells remain poorly understood.

Prediction of lymph node metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer based on radiomics analysis and intraoperative frozen section analysis: A retrospective study.

Introduction: To evaluate the diagnostic efficiency among the clinical model, the radiomics model and the nomogram that combined radiomics features, frozen section (FS) analysis and clinical characteristics for the prediction of lymph node (LN) metastasis in patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).

Methods: A total of 208 patients were randomly divided into two groups randomly with a proportion of 7:3 for the training groups (n = 146) and the validation groups (n = 62). The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression was used for the selection of radiomics features extracted from ultrasound (US) images.

Squamous cell carcinoma arising from chronic osteomyelitis of the femur: A case report.

Although chronic osteomyelitis (COM) affecting the extremities is a frequently occurring disease, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from COM is rare. Consequently, understanding the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of such a disorder remains limited. In the present study, a case of COM-associated SCC was demonstrated.

Melatonin, a potentially effective drug for the treatment of infected bone nonunion.

Osteomyelitis (OM), characterized by heterogeneity and complexity in treatment, has a high risk of infection recurrence which may cause limb disability. Management of chronic inactive osteomyelitis (CIOM) without typical inflammatory symptoms is a great challenge for orthopedic surgeons. On the basis of data analysis of 1091 OM cases, we reported that latent osteogenic decline in CIOM patients was the main cause of secondary surgery.

Effects of Dopamine on stem cells and its potential roles in the treatment of inflammatory disorders: a narrative review.

Inflammation is the host's protective response against harmful external stimulation that helps tissue repair and remodeling. However, excessive inflammation seriously threatens the patient's life. Due to anti-inflammatory effects, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and monoclonal antibodies are used to treat various inflammatory diseases, but drug resistance, non-responsiveness, and severe side effect limit their development and application.

Nitric oxide synthase 2 genetic variation rs2297514 associates with a decreased susceptibility to extremity post-traumatic osteomyelitis in a Chinese Han population.

Background: Previous studies have indicated that nitric oxide synthase 2 () genetic variations are involved in delayed fracture healing and fracture non-union. Whether these genetic variants associate with the development of osteomyelitis (OM) remains unclear. Here, we analyzed the potential relationships between genetic variations and the risk of developing post-traumatic OM (PTOM) in a Chinese Han population.

Solute carrier family 11 member 1 genetic polymorphisms rs17235409 and rs3731865 associate with susceptibility to extremity post-traumatic osteomyelitis in a Chinese Han population.

Genetic variations in the solute carrier family 11 member 1 (SLC11A1) gene have been implicated in developing inflammatory disorders. However, it is still unclear whether such polymorphisms contribute to the pathogenesis of post-traumatic osteomyelitis (PTOM). Therefore, this study investigated the roles of genetic variations of the SLC11A1 gene (rs17235409 and rs3731865) in PTOM development in a Chinese Han cohort.

Gram-Negative Bacteria and Lipopolysaccharides as Risk Factors for the Occurrence of Diabetic Foot.

Context: Imbalance of the skin microbial community could impair skin immune homeostasis and thus trigger skin lesions. Dysbiosis of skin microbiome may be involved in the early pathogenesis of diabetic foot (DF). However, the potential mechanism remains unclear.

Seven-layer analysis model of an optical waveguide excitation fluorescence microscopy.

In this paper, an optical waveguide evanescent field fluorescence microscopy is studied. Based on Maxwell's equation, a seven-layer theoretical analysis model is developed for the evaluation of an optical waveguide excitation fluorescence microscopy. The optical waveguide excitation fluorescence microscopy structure is systematically and comprehensively analysed at the wavelengths of 488, 532 and 646 nm for fluorescent dyes.

Revealing the effects of ligands of silver nanoclusters on the interactions between them and ctDNA: Abstraction to visualization.

Silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) have been widely applied in the field of biology, drug therapy and cell imaging in the last decade. In order to study the biosafety of AgNCs, GSH-AgNCs and DHLA-AgNCs were synthesized using glutathione (GSH) and dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA) as ligands, and their interactions with calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) from abstraction to visualization were studied. The results of spectroscopy, viscometry and molecular docking demonstrated that GSH-AgNCs mainly bound to ctDNA in a groove mode, while DHLA-AgNCs were both groove and intercalation binding.

Single nucleotide variations in the development of diabetic foot ulcer: A narrative review.

Diabetes mellitus has become a global health problem, and the number of patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) is rapidly increasing. Currently, DFU still poses great challenges to physicians, as the treatment is complex, with high risks of infection, recurrence, limb amputation, and even death. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of DFU pathogenesis is of great importance.

Devascularized Bone Surface Culture: A Novel Strategy for Identifying Osteomyelitis-Related Pathogens.

The gold standard for identifying pathogens causing osteomyelitis (OM) is intraoperative tissue sampling culture (TSC). However, its positive rate remains inadequate. Here, we evaluated the efficiency of a novel strategy, known as devitalized bone surface culture (BSC), for detecting OM-related microorganisms and compared it to TSC.

Implant surface culture may be a useful adjunct to standard tissue sampling culture for identification of pathogens accounting for fracture-device-related infection: a within-person randomized agreement study of 42 patients.

Background And Purpose: Identification of pathogens causing fracture-device-related infection (FDRI) is always a challenge as the positive rate of standard tissue sampling culture (TSC) remains unsatisfactory. This study evaluates the efficiency of implant surface culture (ISC) as an adjunct to standard TSC for identification of FDRI-associated microorganisms.

Patients And Methods: Between November 2020 and March 2022, patients diagnosed with FDRI defined by the International Fracture-Related Infection (FRI) Consensus Group, and indicated for implant removal, underwent both methods for bacteria detection.

The therapeutic effect of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on potential biochemical pregnancy in patients with unexplained repeated transplantation failure (RIF): a case series and literature review.

Background: Biochemical pregnancy is a type of embryo transfer failure, patients with unexplained repeated implantation failure (RIF) also have higher biochemical pregnancy rate. Our study intends to evaluate the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in patients with unexplained RIF with low hCG levels in early pregnancy.

Methods: Unexplained RIF patients with low hCG levels after embryo transfer were allocated.

Structure-dependent of 3-fluorooxindole derivatives interacting with ctDNA: Binding effects and molecular docking approaches.

3-Fluorooxindole has been shown to be a biologically active structural unit, novel derivative containing 3-fluorooxindole unit has been successfully constructed using 3-fluorooxindole as a substrate in previous work. Here, the interactions between novel 3-fluorooxindole derivatives and ctDNA were explored through molecular docking, multi-spectral and NMR methods, and the dependence of the binding mechanism on the structure was revealed by combined physical chemistry and organic chemistry. Firstly, molecular docking indicated that the planarity of the molecule enhances the binding strength to ctDNA.

Rapid preparation of water-soluble Ag@Au nanoclusters with bright deep-red emission.

Deep-red ( ∼ 710 nm) thiolated Ag@Au nanoclusters with a quantum yield of ∼18% were rapidly (∼12 min) prepared in aqueous solutions. The effects of pH and silver ions were demonstrated. The surface modification further resulted in nanoclusters with a quantum yield of ∼38%, the highest value ever reported for water-soluble red Au nanoclusters.

Serum Calcium Level Combined with Platelet Count May Be Useful Indicators for Assisted Diagnosis of Extremity Posttraumatic Osteomyelitis: A Comparative Analysis.

Background: A previous study had reported that patients with osteomyelitis (OM) appeared to be more likely to develop hypocalcemia before and after surgery. Calcium sulfate (CS) is frequently used as a local antibiotic vehicle in the treatment of OM, which may also affect serum calcium level. However, whether changes of serum calcium level are caused by OM and/or local use of calcium sulfate remains unclear.

Interactions between Two Kinds of Gold Nanoclusters and Calf Thymus Deoxyribonucleic Acid: Directions for Preparations to Applications.

Gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) have shown promising applications in biotherapy owing to their ultrasmall size and unique molecular-like properties. In order to better guide the preparations and applications of AuNCs, dihydrolipoic acid-protected AuNCs (DHLA-AuNCs) and glutathione-protected AuNCs (GSH-AuNCs) were selected as models and the interactions between them and calf thymus DNA (ctDNA) were studied in detail. The results showed that there was a small difference in the binding mechanisms and forces between both AuNCs and ctDNA.

Inhibition of SDF-1/CXCR4 Axis to Alleviate Abnormal Bone Formation and Angiogenesis Could Improve the Subchondral Bone Microenvironment in Osteoarthritis.

The pathogenesis of the osteoarthritis (OA) is complex. Abnormal subchondral bone metabolism is an important cause of this disease. Further understanding on the pathology of the subchondral bone in OA may provide a new therapy.

Preparation of graphene quantum dots with glycine as nitrogen source and its interaction with human serum albumin.

Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) could be regarded as graphene with a lateral dimension less than 100 nm. Compared with graphene, GQDs not only possess the excellent properties of graphene but also have been proven to have low toxicity, high fluorescence stability, strong water solubility, as well as better biocompatibility. In this work, an amide bond-based, N-doped graphene quantum dot was synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method.