Meta-analysis of risk factors for recurrent gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: To comprehensively evaluate the risk factors for recurrent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in women with a history of GDM during re-pregnancy.

Methods: Articles about risk factors for recurrent GDM were searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals, PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from the date of establishment to January 2023. Meta-analysis of risk factors for recurrent GDM was performed using STATA/SE 15.

Efficacy and conversion outcome of chemotherapy combined with PD-1 inhibitor for patients with unresectable or recurrent gallbladder carcinoma: a real-world exploratory study.

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is an extremely aggressive tumor of the biliary tract with a bleak prognosis, and the evidence supporting the benefit of available systemic therapy for advanced GBC is scarce. Herein, this study intended to investigate the real-world outcome of chemotherapy combined with programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor for the management of unresectable or recurrent GBC.

Methods: From January 2018 to December 2023, consecutive patients who were treated with systematic treatment, including chemotherapy or the combination of chemotherapy plus PD-1 inhibitor, for unresectable or recurrent GBC were retrospectively identified.

Overwintering Strategies and Post-Diapause Female Reproduction Fitness in the Willow Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Diapause, a survival strategy utilized by many insects under severe environmental conditions, can generate costs that potentially affect post-diapause development and reproduction. The willow leaf beetle, , overwinters as an adult. This study investigated the cold hardiness-hardiness and energy utilization of female , and their impact on post-diapause reproductive fitness.

A Bifunctional Lysosome-Targeting Chimera Nanoplatform for Tumor-Selective Protein Degradation and Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Lysosome-targeting chimeras (LYTACs) have recently emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for degrading extracellular and membrane-associated pathogenic proteins by hijacking lysosome-targeting receptors. However, the antitumor performance of LYTAC is limited by its insufficient tumor accumulation and nonspecific activation. Additionally, the synergistic effects of LYTACs and other therapeutic modalities are crucial.

Influence of Kunth Flavonoids on Composition of Soil Microbial Community.

, one of the world's most destructive invasive species, is known for causing significant ecological and economic harm. While extensive research has focused on its growth characteristics, secondary metabolites, and control measures, its chemical interactions with the environment-particularly the role of flavonoids in shaping soil microbial communities-remain underexplored. In this study, we identified and quantified ten flavonoids from root exudates using UPLC-MS, including Hispidulin, Isorhamnetin, and Mikanin.

Integration of the rat liver micronucleus assay into a 28-day treatment protocol: testing the genotoxicity of four small-molecule nitrosamines with different carcinogenic potencies and tumor target specificities.

Several potent carcinogenic nitrosamines, including N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA) and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), induce micronuclei in the micronucleated hepatocyte (MNHEP) assay but not in the micronucleated reticulocyte (MNRET) assay. However, the MNHEP assay is not as frequently used as the MNRET assay for evaluating in vivo genotoxicity. The present study evaluated MN formation in the liver of Big Blue transgenic rats exposed to four small-molecule nitrosamines, NDMA, N-nitrosodiisopropylamine (NDIPA), N-nitrosoethylisoporpylamine (NEIPA), and N-nitrosomethylphenylamine (NMPA), using a repeat-dose protocol typically used for in vivo mutagenicity studies.

Tungsten oxide nanowire clusters anchored on porous carbon fibers as a sulfur redox mediator for lithium-sulfur batteries.

Addressing the sluggish redox kinetics of sulfur electrodes and mitigating the shuttle effect of intermediate lithium polysulfides (LiPS) are crucial for the advancement of high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries. Here, we introduce a pioneering flexible self-supporting composite scaffold that incorporates tungsten oxide nanowire clusters anchored on core-shell porous carbon fibers (WO/PCF) for sulfur accommodation. The core of PCF serves as a robust electrode supporting scaffold, whereas the porous shell of PCF provides a 3D interconnected conductive network to accommodate sulfur, restrain polysulfide diffusion and buffer electrode expansion.

The emergence of Sox and POU transcription factors predates the origins of animal stem cells.

Stem cells are a hallmark of animal multicellularity. Sox and POU transcription factors are associated with stemness and were believed to be animal innovations, reported absent in their unicellular relatives. Here we describe unicellular Sox and POU factors.

Outcome differences of emergency cesarean delivery in the delivery room versus the operating room: A study based on propensity score matching.

Objective: This study sought to compare the risks and outcomes associated with category I cesarean section procedures performed in the delivery room versus those performed in the operating room.

Patients And Methods: The analysis included 126 singleton pregnant women who underwent inpatient delivery at the Second People's Hospital of Nanning between January 2021 and May 2024. Following propensity score matching, 21 cases were in the delivery room group, and 105 cases were in the operating room group.

TGF-β signaling-related signature for predicting prognosis and therapeutic response in lower-grade glioma.

Background: Low-grade glioma (LGG) is a tumor that includes World Health Organization (WHO) grade II and III glioma, the treatment of which consistently results in relapse and drug resistance. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) is a multifunctional cytokine that regulates various cellular processes, which is found to be abnormal in tumors and promotes glioma development and progression. In this study, we aimed to systematically evaluate the importance of the genes associated with TGF-β in LGG and discover the role of these genes in the prognosis and treatment response of LGG.

Optimizing the detection of N-nitrosamine mutagenicity in the Ames test.

Accurately determining the mutagenicity of small-molecule N-nitrosamine drug impurities and nitrosamine drug substance-related impurities (NDSRIs) is critical to identifying mutagenic and cancer hazards. In the current study we have evaluated several approaches for enhancing assay sensitivity for evaluating the mutagenicity of N-nitrosamines in the bacterial reverse mutagenicity (Ames) test. Preincubation assays were conducted using five activation conditions: no exogenous metabolic activation and metabolic activation mixes employing both 10% and 30% liver S9 from hamsters and rats pretreated with inducers of enzymatic activity.

The Cytotoxic Activity and Metabolic Profiling of Mart. et Gal.

Many naturally occurring chemical metabolites with significant cytotoxic activities have been isolated from medicinal plants and have become the leading hotspot of anti-cancer research in recent years. Mart. et Gal is used as a folk medicine in South China to treat or assist in the treatment of liver disease, ulcers, and edema.

An Effective Somatic-Cell Regeneration and Genetic Transformation Method Mediated by for L.

Purslane ( L.) is highly valued for its nutritional, medicinal, and ecological significance. Genetic transformation in plants provides a powerful tool for gene manipulation, allowing for the investigation of important phenotypes and agronomic traits at the genetic level.

Novel potent molecular glue degraders against broad range of hematological cancer cell lines via multiple neosubstrates degradation.

Background: Targeted protein degradation of neosubstrates plays a crucial role in hematological cancer treatment involving immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) therapy. Nevertheless, the persistence of inevitable drug resistance and hematological toxicities represents a significant obstacle to their clinical effectiveness.

Methods: Phenotypic profiling of a small molecule compounds library in multiple hematological cancer cell lines was conducted to screen for hit degraders.

Glycine Receptor Beta Subunit (GlyR-β) Promotes Potential Angiogenesis and Neurological Regeneration during Early-Stage Recovery after Cerebral Ischemia Stroke/Reperfusion in Mice.

Background: Ischemic stroke is mainly caused by cerebral artery thrombosis. This study investigated the role of glycine receptor beta subunit (GlyR-β) in the recovery from cerebral ischemia stroke/reperfusion.

Methods: The oxygen glucose deprivation and recovery (OGD/R) bEnd3 cell model and the middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse model were used in this study.

Deficiency of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in mice differentially affects bone properties under different genomic backgrounds.

When IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1rn) is knocked out, mice have shown strain background dependent and major QTL regulated susceptibility to spontaneously inflammatory arthritis disease (SAD). The impact on bone properties resulting from the interactions of IL-1rn, genomic background strains, and the QTL locus, is unknown. Bone properties in the four specifically bred mouse strains with mutation of IL-1rn and variations in genomic components were investigated with high-resolution MicroCT and genomic analytical tools.

Antibacterial and gut health effects of Amomum tsao-ko in aquatic feed: A sustainable alternative to chemical antibiotics.

Amomum tsao-ko Crevost et Lemarie (Zingiberaceae), an aromatic plant, has been considered to have diverse medicinal values and economic significance. It has been reported to possess antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects. With the increasing risk of diseases in aquaculture, there is a need for alternative solutions to chemical antibiotics.

A Polyzwitterionic@MOF Hydrogel with Exceptionally High Water Vapor Uptake for Efficient Atmospheric Water Harvesting.

Atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) is considered a promising strategy for sustainable freshwater production in landlocked and arid regions. Hygroscopic salt-based composite sorbents have attracted widespread attention for their water harvesting performance, but suffer from aggregation and leakage issues due to the salting-out effect. In this study, we synthesized a PML hydrogel composite by incorporating zwitterionic hydrogel (PDMAPS) and MIL-101(Cr) as a host for LiCl.

Comprehensive Analysis of : Biology, Secondary Metabolites, and Bioactive Compound Potential─A Review.

The filamentous fungus is significant in ecological and industrial domains due to its vast supply of secondary metabolites that have a diverse array of biological functions. We have gathered the metabolic potential and biological activities associated with metabolites of various structures, based on extensive research of the latest literature. The review incorporated literature spanning from 2000 to 2023, drawing from reputable databases including Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and PubMed, among others.

Application of duplex sequencing to evaluate mutagenicity of aristolochic acid and methapyrilene in Fisher 344 rats.

Duplex sequencing (DS) is an error-corrected next-generation sequencing (NGS) method that can overcome notorious high error rate from the process of NGS and detect ultralow-frequency mutations. In this study, we evaluated the mutagenicity of aristolochic acid, a known genotoxic carcinogen, and methapyrilene, a known nongenotoxic carcinogen using DS. Four male Fisher 344 rats were treated with aristolochic acid, methapyrilene, or the vehicle control for 6 weeks, liver tissues were collected one day after the treatment, and the DNA was isolated for analysis.