Hepatitis B virus reactivation risk associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors in tumor treatment: a retrospective study.

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a recognized complication of cytotoxic chemotherapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B. However, the risk of HBV reactivation with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) remains uncertain due to their exclusion from clinical trials. This study aimed to assess the incidence of HBV reactivation in patients with cancer undergoing ICI therapy, exploring associated risk factors.

Differences in transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of metabolites of shoots on tea plants of different ages and relevant regulatory network.

To investigate differences in fresh leaves of tea plants at different ages in gene expression, metabolism, and dried tea quality, and to provide references to a deep exploration on metabolite differential accumulation of fresh leaves of tea plants at different ages as well as the regulation mechanism, two groups of fresh leaves from tea plants at different ages (group JP: 20-, 200-, and 1,200-year tea plants; group YX: 50-, 100-, and 400-year tea plants) were chosen as materials, and their differences in gene expression, metabolites, and metabolic regulatory network were investigated by transcriptomics and metabolomics. A total of 12,706 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened from the fresh tea leaves in the JP group, of which tea-20 vs. tea-200 had the largest number of DEGs, up to 9,041 (4,459 down-regulated genes, 4,582 up-regulated genes).

A rare cutaneous phototoxic rash after vandetanib therapy in a patient with thyroid cancer: A case report.

Rationale: Vandetanib is effective for treating symptomatic or progressive medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) in patients with unresectable locally advanced or metastatic disease, but its toxicity such as photosensitivity reactions should be considered. It is a rare adverse effect of this drug but might cause severe morbidity and even mortality.

Patient Concerns: A 26-year man with MTC developed phototoxic rashes on the sun-exposed areas of his shin after 15 days from the initiation of vandetanib treatment.

Association between Physical Activity and Telomere Length in a North Chinese Population: A China Suboptimal Health Cohort Study.

Several studies have demonstrated an association between physical activity and telomere length; however, the association remains inconsistent. A cross-sectional study consisting of 588 participants (375 females, median age of 33.8 years) was carried out to investigate the association between telomere length and physical activity in a general population from North China.

The Unwanted Cell Migration in the Brain: Glioma Metastasis.

Cell migration is identified as a highly orchestrated process. It is a fundamental and essential phenomenon underlying tissue morphogenesis, wound healing, and immune response. Under dysregulation, it contributes to cancer metastasis.

Mannose-exposing myeloid leukemia cells detected by the sCAR-PPA fusion protein.

Altered glycosylation may be a hallmark of malignant transformation and cancer progression. In the work described, a specific mannose-binding lectin, Pinellia pedatisecta agglutinin (PPA), was genetically fused with the extracellular domain of coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) to generate the soluble CAR (sCAR)-PPA fusion protein. The adenoviral transduction of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines Kasumi-1 and HL-60 was increased by sCAR-PPA, indicating that a fraction of AML cells exposing mannose residues was detected by PPA.

Significant antitumor activity of oncolytic adenovirus expressing human interferon-beta for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Human interferon-beta (IFN-beta) has been widely used in gene therapy for its antitumor activity but its therapeutic effect is limited. The conditionally replicative adenovirus ONYX-015 (a E1B-55-kDa-deleted adenovirus) targets well to tumor cells, but is not potent enough to cause significant tumor regression. To solve these problems, a tumor-selective replicating adenovirus expressing IFN-beta was constructed in this study.

Physiological changes in barley plants under combined toxicity of aluminum, copper and cadmium.

Crop production on acid soil is markedly reduced, further, a multiple heavy metal pollution except Al on acid soil is detected in many areas. The present study was undertaken to assess the toxicities of Al, Cd, and Cu separately and in combinations, three heavy metals very often coexisting on acid soil, and to identify their interactions in two kinds of barley seedlings differing in Al tolerance. The plant growth, metals accumulations, total soluble protein and sugar contents, MDA contents and the activities of SOD and POD were estimated in roots and leaves after 5-week supply of the heavy metals excess in the nutrient solution.

Endostatin promotes the anabolic program of rabbit chondrocyte.

Endostatin is a natural occurred angiogenesis inhibitor derived from collagenXVIII. So far its function during the angiogenesis process of bone formation and arthropathy has not been well studied yet. The present study addresses the function of endostatin in rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC).

Susceptibility to allergic lung disease regulated by recall responses of dual-receptor memory T cells.

Background: Microbial infections are associated with the initial susceptibility to and flares of asthma. However, immunologic mechanisms whereby infections might alter the asthmatic phenotype are lacking.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that memory T cells specific both for a viral antigen and an allergen could influence the pathogenesis of allergic disease in vivo .