Reverse microemulsion-mediated synthesis of Bi2S3-QD@SiO2-PEG for dual modal CT-fluorescence imaging in vitro and in vivo.

Monodispersed Bi2S3-QD@SiO2-PEG nanoparticles are prepared by a one-pot method in a reverse microemulsion system, which exhibited remarkable performances in CT and fluorescence imaging in vitro and in vivo.

Differences in the region- and depth-dependent microstructural organization in normal versus glaucomatous human posterior sclerae.

Purpose: This study quantitatively investigated differences in the regional- and depth-dependent human posterior scleral microstructure in glaucomatous (G) and nonglaucomatous (NG) donors.

Methods: Twenty-five posterior poles from six G and seven NG donors were analyzed using small angle light scattering (SALS) to investigate the organization of scleral fibers around the optic nerve head. Eccentricity (Ecc), fiber splay (FS), and percent equatorial fibers (PEF) were quantified.

The liver-targeting study of the N-galactosylated chitosan in vivo and in vitro.

In order to study the liver targeting of the N-galactosylated chitosan (GC) polymer in liver, we first conjugated the lactobionic acid with chitosan (CS) to obtain the carrier of GC with different degree of substitution of lactosyl group. Western blot was performed to detect the expression levels of the asialoglycoprotein receptors (ASGPR) in the cell lines of HepG2, SMMC-7721, and HL-7702. The protein level of ASGPR was lower in HepG2 compared to HL-7702 and SMMC-7721.

Complete genome sequence analysis of two human enterovirus C99 strains isolated in Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region, China, in 2011.

Human enterovirus C99 (EV-C99) is a new member of the species Enterovirus C, and although only a few EV-C99 sequences have been obtained thus far, the strain has been identified on four continents. In 2011, two EV-C99 strains were isolated from two healthy children in Xinjiang, China, and to our knowledge, this is the first finding of EV-C99 in China. The two strains, designated HT-XEBGH09F and KSSC-ALXHH01F, showed 78.

[Rash and fever illness caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 needs to be distinguished from hand, foot and mouth disease].

An epidemic of rash and fever illnesses suspected of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) occurred in Gansu Province of China in 2008, laboratory tests were performed in order to identify the pathogen that caused this epidemic. Eight clinical specimens collected from the 4 patients (each patient has throat swab and herpes fluid specimens) with rash and febrile illness, were inoculated onto RD and HEp-2 cells for virus isolation, and the viral nucleic acid was then extracted with the positive virus isolates, the dual-channel real-time reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the nucleic acid of human enterovirus (HEV) in the viral isolates at the same time. For the viral isolates with the negative results of HEV, a sequence independent single primer amplification technique (SISPA) was used for "unknown pathogen" identification.

[Transmission and prevalence patterns of C4a evolutionary lineage of human enterovirus 71 circulating in mainland China, 2008-2010].

Objective: To understand the evolutionary relationship between the C4a evolutionary lineage of human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) strains circulating in mainland of China during 2008-2010 and 2008 Fuyang strains and study the prevalence and transmission patterns of 2008 Fuyang strains.

Methods: Download all the complete VP1 ( > or = 891 bp) or approximate complete VP1 (> or = 876 bp) gene nucleotide sequences from GenBank of HEV71 strains circulating in Mainland of China during 2008-2010. And analyze the phylogenetic relationship between Fuyang strains and other provinces' strains using the MEGA software, version 5.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Human Enterovirus 85 (HEV85) Recombinant with an Unknown New Serotype HEV-B Donor Sequence Isolated from a Child with Acute Flaccid Paralysis.

A Chinese human enterovirus 85 (HEV85) isolate, HTYT-ARL-AFP02F/XJ/CHN/2011, was isolated from a stool specimen of a child with acute flaccid paralysis in Xinjiang, China, in 2011. The complete genome sequence revealed that a natural intertypic recombination event had occurred between HEV85 and a previously undescribed serotype of HEV-B.

Transmission of human enterovirus 85 recombinants containing new unknown serotype HEV-B donor sequences in Xinjiang Uighur autonomous region, China.

Background: Human enterovirus 85 (HEV85), whose prototype strain (Strain BAN00-10353/BAN/2000) was isolated in Bangladesh in 2000, is a recently identified serotype within the human enterovirus B (HEV-B) species. At present, only one nucleotide sequence of HEV85 (the complete genome sequence of the prototype strain) is available in the GenBank database.

Principal Findings: In this study, we report the genetic characteristics of 33 HEV85 isolates that circulated in the Xinjiang Uighur autonomous region of China in 2011.

[Measurement of molecular vibrational temperature of the white-eye pattern in dielectric barrier discharge].

The white-eye pattern, whose cell is composed of a bright dot surrounded by a closed hexagon, was observed in air/ argon dielectric barrier discharge. It was found that the center dot, the vertex of hexagon and the center of hexagon side in a cell have different brightness. By using optical emission spectra, the vibrational temperature in the center dot, the vertex of hexagon and the center of hexagon side was measured, respectively.

A novel accessory molecule Trim59 involved in cytotoxicity of BCG-activated macrophages.

BCG-activated macrophages (BAM) could kill the tumor cells through cell-cell contact. In this process membrane proteins play an important role. However, up to date, few membrane proteins were revealed.

Complete genome sequence of two coxsackievirus A1 strains that were cytotoxic to human rhabdomyosarcoma cells.

Coxsackievirus A1 (CVA1) belongs to human enterovirus species C within the family Picornaviridae, order Picornavirales. Two Chinese CVA1 isolates, HT-THLH02F/XJ/CHN/2011 and KS-ZPH01F/XJ/CHN/2011, were isolated from stool specimens of two healthy children in the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region of China. They were found to elicit cytopathic effects in a human rhabdomyosarcoma cell line, and complete genome sequences of these two CVA1 isolates revealed that natural intertypic recombination events occurred between CVA1 and CVA22.

[Spectra line profile and vibrational temperature of bright dot and dark dot discharge in a dielectric barrier discharge].

The emission spectrum line shift and vibrational temperature of the bright dot and dark dot discharges, which are observed in the argon and air dielectric barrier discharge at high temperature for the first time were measured and compared. The line shift of the spectral line of the Ar I (2P2-->1S5) is measured and the vibrational temperature was calculated using by the emission spectral lines of the N2 second positive band system (C3Pi(u)-->B3Pi(g)). The results show that the spectrum line shift of the bright dot discharge channel is larger than that of the dark dot channel, which indicates that the former has higher electron density compared to the latter, and the vibrational temperature of the dark dot discharge channel is higher than that of the bright dot discharge channel.

The protective and healing effects of Si Shen Wan in trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid-induced colitis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Si Shen Wan is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine formula for the treatment of diseases with diarrhea, such as ulcerative colitis, allergic colitis and chronic colitis. To investigate the protective and healing effects of Si Shen Wan in the experimental colitis induced by trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid, and to furture explore its mechanism of action.

Materials And Methods: Rats with colitis treated with Si Shen Wan for 10 days.

[Industry of traditional Chinese patent medicine science and technology development and review].

"Fifteen" since, our country Chinese traditional medicine industry science and technology has made remarkable achievements. In this paper, the development of science and technology policy, Chinese medicine industry, platform construction and other aspects were analyzed, showing 10 years of Chinese traditional medicine industry development of science and technology innovation achievement and development, and on the current development of traditional Chinese medicine industry facing the main tasks and guarantee measures are analyzed.

Isolation and characterization of a Chinese strain of human enterovirus 74 from a healthy child in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

Human enterovirus 74 (HEV74) is a recently described serotype within the species Human enterovirus B (HEV-B). Few nucleotide sequences of HEV74 are available, and only one complete genome sequence (the prototype strain) has been published. In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of an HEV74 strain isolated from a healthy child during a stool survey in the Tibet Autonomous Region of China.

[Analysis of genetic characteristics of type II non-wild poliovirus in mainland China, 2010].

To study the genetic characteristics of 123 type II non-wild polioviruses isolated from acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) cases in mainland China in 2010, provide the scientific basis for maintaining the "polio-free" status, and the switching use of polio vaccine for China. VP1 gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the PCR products were then sequenced. The sequence results were analyzed with Sequencher 4.

GHGKHKNK octapeptide (P-5m) inhibits metastasis of HCCLM3 cell lines via regulation of MMP-2 expression in in vitro and in vivo studies.

P-5m, an octapeptide derived from domain 5 of HKa, was initially found to inhibit the invasion and migration of melanoma cells. The high metastatic potential of melanoma cells was prevented by the HGK motif in the P-5m peptide in vitro and in an experimental lung metastasis model, suggesting that P-5m may play an important role in the regulation of tumor metastasis. The aim of this study was to measure the effect of P-5m on tumor metastasis of human hepatocarcinoma cell line (HCCLM3) in vitro and in vivo in a nude mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and detect the mechanisms involved in P-5m-induced anti-metastasis.

Activation of PKR/eIF2α signaling cascade is associated with dihydrotestosterone-induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human liver cells.

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling plays an important role in the development and progression of several liver diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) is the active metabolite of the major circulating androgen, testosterone. In this study, we investigated the effect of DHT on human liver cells.

Emergence and transmission pathways of rapidly evolving evolutionary branch C4a strains of human enterovirus 71 in the Central Plain of China.

Background: Large-scale outbreaks of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) occurred repeatedly in the Central Plain of China (Shandong, Anhui, and Henan provinces) from 2007 until now. These epidemics have increased in size and severity each year and are a major public health concern in mainland China.

Principal Findings: Phylogenetic analysis was performed and a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo tree was constructed based on the complete VP1 sequences of HEV71 isolates.

A gimbal-mounted pressurization chamber for macroscopic and microscopic assessment of ocular tissues.

The biomechanical model of glaucoma considers intraocular pressure-related stress and resultant strain on load bearing connective tissues of the optic nerve and surrounding peripapillary sclera as one major causative influence that effects cellular, vascular, and axonal components of the optic nerve. By this reasoning, the quantification of variations in the microstructural architecture and macromechanical response of scleral shells in glaucomatous compared to healthy populations provides an insight into any variations that exist between patient populations. While scleral shells have been tested mechanically in planar and pressure-inflation scenarios the link between the macroscopic biomechanical response and the underlying microstructure has not been determined to date.

The persistent circulation of enterovirus 71 in People's Republic of China: causing emerging nationwide epidemics since 2008.

Emerging epidemics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) associated with enterovirus 71 (EV71) has become a serious concern in mainland China. It caused 126 and 353 fatalities in 2008 and 2009, respectively. The epidemiologic and pathogenic data of the outbreak collected from national laboratory network and notifiable disease surveillance system.

Prostaglandin E2 binding peptide: a potential modulatory agent which acts through suppressing NF-kappaB signaling in RA.

In an earlier study, we found PBP inhibited the progress of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA). This study was aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effects of PBP in terms of NF-κB activation by using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent technique in vitro and in vivo. IL-1β and TNF-α in serum were detected by method of ELISA.

[RT-PCR identification and genetic characterizations of VP1 region of human enterovirus 71 isolated in Beijing in 2008].

Objective: To study the genetic characterizations of VP1 region of Human enterovirus 71 (HEV71) isolated from clinical specimens of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) patients in Beijing in 2008.

Methods: 285 clinical samples were collected from HFMD patients in hospitals and day-care centers in Chaoyang district. They were performed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) specific for HEV71.

[The role of mir-221/222 in inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced human hepatocarcinoma cell apoptosis].

Objective: To investigate the role of miR-221/222 in inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced human hepatocarcinoma cells apoptosis.

Method: miR-221/222 mimics and inhibitors were used to mimic or block the function of endogenous miR-221/222 respectively. Western blot and flow cytometry were used to test the effects of miR-221/222 on cell cycle and apoptosis under endoplasmic reticulum stress in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Prostaglandin E(2) binding peptide screened by phage displaying: a new therapeutic strategy in rheumatoid arthritis.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic potential and mechanism of action of the mimotope of PGE(2) receptor EP4 (PBP, named by our team) screened by phage displaying technique in the treatment of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA).

Methods: Freund's complete adjuvant-induced arthritis was induced in Wistar rats. At the first clinical sign of disease, mice were given with daily injections of PBP or saline for 21 days.