Diosmin ameliorates inflammation, apoptosis and activates PI3K/AKT pathway in Alzheimer's disease rats.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent cognitive disorder among the elderly, is frequently linked to the abnormal accumulation of myloid-β (Aβ), which is mainly as a result of neuronal death and inflammation. Diosmin, a flavonoid, is considered a potential drug for the treatment of AD. Our study aimed to uncover the molecular mechanism of diosmin in AD therapy.

The prognostic value and model construction of inflammatory markers for patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

The aim of this study was to investigate and analyse the predictive value of systemic inflammatory markers based on peripheral blood biomarkers for the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Based on a retrospective monitoring cohort of 973 NSCLC patients from an Affiliated Tumor Hospital from 2012 to 2023. The log-rank test and Cox proportional risk regression model were used to identify independent prognostic inflammatory markers.

Baicalein promotes the microglia M2 polarization and suppresses apoptosis by targeting HMOX1/PDE4D to alleviate Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that has quickly becoming one of the most expensive, lethal, and burdening diseases of this century. In the past twenty years, hundreds of drugs have been tested while only several have been authorized by FDA for AD treatment, hence, searching for candidate agent with therapeutic potential for AD is imminent. Controlling polarization direction of microglia is crucial in AD therapy.

Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis extract attenuates memory impairment in rats with Alzheimer's disease by suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by degeneration of the central nervous system. Recently, many studies have emphasized the beneficial role of Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis extract (GJ-4) in neuroprotection, which is considered a potential drug for treating AD.

Tribochemically Controlled Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization Enabled by Contact Electrification.

Traditional mechanochemically controlled reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP) utilizes ultrasound or ball milling to regenerate activators, which induce side reactions because of the high-energy and high-frequency stimuli. Here, we propose a facile approach for tribochemically controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (tribo-ATRP) that relies on contact-electro-catalysis (CEC) between titanium oxide (TiO ) particles and CuBr /tris(2-pyridylmethylamine (TPMA), without any high-energy input. Under the friction induced by stirring, the TiO particles are electrified, continuously reducing CuBr /TPMA into CuBr/TPMA, thereby conversing alkyl halides into active radicals to start ATRP.

Clinicopathological and surgical comparisons of differentiated thyroid cancer between China and the USA: A multicentered hospital-based study.

Background: Thyroid cancer (TC), was the fastest-rising tumor of all malignancies in the world and China, predominantly differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). However, evidence on TC stage distribution and influencing factors of late-stage were limited in China.

Methods: We carried out a retrospective study and enrolled TC patients who were first diagnosed and hospitalized in 8 hospitals in China in 2017.

Dimethyl fumarate improves cognitive impairment by enhancing hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels in hypothyroid rats.

Background: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is an effective drug for multiple sclerosis and can improve the cognitive dysfunction caused by streptozotocin, but the effect on cognitive dysfunction caused by hypothyroidism is unclear.

Methods: After the hypothyroidism rat model induced by propylthiouracil, we gave rats 25 mg/kg DMF by gavage. The body weight during model building and administration was recorded.

Dimethyl fumarate prevents acute lung injury related cognitive impairment potentially via reducing inflammation.

Objective: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has been reported to exert a protective role against diverse lung diseases and cognitive impairment-related diseases. Thus this study aimed to investigate its role on acute lung injury (ALI) and related cognitive impairment in animal model.

Methods: C57BL/6 mice were divided into four groups: control group, DMF group, ALI group, and ALI + DMF group.

Pattern Formation in Phase-Separated Langmuir and Langmuir Monolayer Films.

Mixed monolayer films comprising hydrogenated and fluorinated surfactants can undergo phase separation to produce interfaces with diverse structures at the micrometer and nanometer scales. This review discusses our progress over the past decade to probe the relationship that exists between the molecular structure of the surfactants that comprise the films and the overall patterns formed in the monolayers. We review two main classes of mixed perfluorocarbon-hydrocarbon surfactant systems, including fatty acids and a recently developed family of EDTA-based gemini surfactants.

MiR-130a-3p Has Protective Effects in Alzheimer's Disease via Targeting DAPK1.

The present study investigated the role and potential mechanisms of miR-130a-3p in AD. SH-SY5Y cells were treated with Aβ 1-42 to construct AD cell models. APP/PS1 mice were used for the animal experiments.

Effects of Solid Precipitation and Surface Corrosion on the Adhesion Strengths of Sintered Hydrate Deposits on Pipe Walls.

A hydrate directly growing and sintering on a pipe wall is an important hydrate deposition case that has been relatively unexplored. In the present study, the adhesion strengths of a sintered cyclopentane (CyC5) hydrate deposit under different solid precipitation and surface corrosion conditions were measured and discussed. It was found that the hydrate adhesion strengths increased by 1.

Association Between Glutathione Peroxidase-1 (GPx-1) Polymorphisms and Schizophrenia in the Chinese Han Population.

Objective: The dopamine and oxidative stress hypotheses are leading theories of the pathoetiology of schizophrenia (SCZ). Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (GPx-1), a major antioxidant enzyme, and the most abundantly expressed member of the GPx family, plays an important role in metabolic dopamine changes, which are closely related to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The impact of GPx-1 polymorphisms has rarely been explored in the field of SCZ.

Association between GPx-1 polymorphisms and personality traits in healthy Chinese-Han subjects.

Objectives: Cloninger developed the three-dimensional personality theory and Tridimensional Personality Questionnaire (TPQ), which shows that some dimensions of personality traits are heritable and related to neurotransmitters including dopamine. glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) plays an important role in metabolic dopamine change and closely relates to neurological and psychiatric disorders. The impact of GPx-1 polymorphisms has been rarely explored in the field of personality traits.

Association Between Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Polymorphisms and Schizophrenia in a Chinese Han Population.

Background: Glutathione S-transferase (GST) is an important antioxidant enzyme in the body. The weakening of the antioxidant system causes damage to the cells and tissues that make up the organism, adversely affects the function of the nervous system, and ultimately leads to schizophrenia (SCZ). Previous studies have yielded inconsistent results across different ethnic populations.

Association between gene polymorphisms and schizophrenia in the North Chinese Han population.

Background: A large number of studies have shown a close relationship between and the pathological mechanism of schizophrenia. However, to our knowledge, there has been no studies examining the association between the gene and schizophrenia in Chinese Han population.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between adenosine A2A receptor () single nucleotide polymorphisms and schizophrenia in the North Chinese Han population.

CO-responsive O/W microemulsions prepared using a switchable superamphiphile assembled by electrostatic interactions.

A CO-responsive superamphiphile was designed to form switchable O/W microemulsions of rapid switching responses. The linear structured superamphiphile was assembled via electrostatic interactions between anionic oleic acid and cationic Jeffamine D-230 at a mole ratio of 1:1. Addition of the CO-responsive superamphiphile and 1-butanol as a co-surfactant led to the spontaneous formation of stable heptane-in-water microemulsions.

[Predictive factors for failure of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in immunosuppressed patients with acute respiratory failure].

Objective: To evaluate the predictive factors for failure of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) in immunosuppressed patients with acute respiratory failure (ARF).

Methods: The clinical data of 118 immuno-deficient patients treated with NIPPV in the respiratory and intensive care unit (RICU) of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2012 to August 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into a non-endotracheal intubation (ETI) group (n = 62) and ETI group (n = 56) according to whether ETI was performed during the hospitalization period or not.

The Characteristics of TB Epidemic and TB/HIV Co-Infection Epidemic: A 2007-2013 Retrospective Study in Urumqi, Xinjiang Province, China.

Objective: This study was aimed to find out epidemiologic characteristic of tuberculosis (TB) cases, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive cases among TB patients (TB/HIV co-infection) through demographic, temporal, and spatial study in Urumqi.

Methods: Descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression were applied to identify the epidemiologic characteristics and risk factors of TB epidemic and TB/HIV co-infection epidemic. All addresses of each TB case, TB/HIV co-infection case, and administrative street were transformed into geographical coordinate.

Local spatial variations analysis of smear-positive tuberculosis in Xinjiang using Geographically Weighted Regression model.

Background: The spatial interplay between socioeconomic factors and tuberculosis (TB) cases contributes to the understanding of regional tuberculosis burdens. Historically, local Poisson Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) has allowed for the identification of the geographic disparities of TB cases and their relevant socioeconomic determinants, thereby forecasting local regression coefficients for the relations between the incidence of TB and its socioeconomic determinants. Therefore, the aims of this study were to: (1) identify the socioeconomic determinants of geographic disparities of smear positive TB in Xinjiang, China (2) confirm if the incidence of smear positive TB and its associated socioeconomic determinants demonstrate spatial variability (3) compare the performance of two main models: one is Ordinary Least Square Regression (OLS), and the other local GWR model.

New Class of Amphiphiles Designed for Use in Water-in-Supercritical CO Microemulsions.

Water-in-supercritical CO microemulsions formed using the hybrid F-H surfactant sodium 1-oxo-1-[4-(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]hexane-2-sulfonate, FC6-HC4, have recently been shown to have the highest water-solubilizing power ever reported. FC6-HC4 demonstrated the ability to outperform not only other surfactants but also other FCm-HCn analogues containing different fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon chain lengths (Sagisaka, M. et al.

Shape Modification of Water-in-CO2 Microemulsion Droplets through Mixing of Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Amphiphiles.

An oxygen-rich hydrocarbon (HC) amphiphile has been developed as an additive for supercritical CO2 (scCO2). The effects of this custom-designed amphiphile have been studied in water-in-CO2 (w/c) microemulsions stabilized by analogous fluorocarbon (FC) surfactants, nFG(EO)2, which are known to form spherical w/c microemulsion droplets. By applying contrast-variation small-angle neutron scattering (CV-SANS), evidence has been obtained for anisotropic structures in the mixed systems.

Osteopontin is a novel prognostic biomarker in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer after surgical resection.

Purposes: Osteopontin (OPN), an extracellular matrix-secreted phosphorylated glycoprotein, has been reported overexpressed in many solid tumors. As an important part of lung cancer, the high recurrence of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) also attracted great attention of scientists.

Methods: In this study, we investigated the expression of OPN and the relationship with prognosis of NSCLC patients.

Properties of surfactant films in water-in-CO2 microemulsions obtained by small-angle neutron scattering.

Hypothesis: The formation, stability and structural properties of normal liquid phase microemulsions, stabilized by hydrocarbon surfactants, comprising water and hydrocarbon oils can be interpreted in terms of the film bending rigidity (energy) model. Here, this model is tested for unusual water-in-CO2 (w/c) microemulsions, formed at high pressure with supercritical CO2 (sc-CO2) as a solvent and fluorinated surfactants as stabilizers. Hence, it is possible to explore the generality of this model for other types of microemulsions.

Shape transitions in supercritical CO2 microemulsions induced by hydrotropes.

The ability to induce morphological transitions in water-in-oil (w/o) and water-in-CO2 (w/c) microemulsions stabilized by a trichain anionic surfactant 1,4-bis(neopentyloxy)-3-(neopentyloxycarbonyl)-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonate (TC14) with simple hydrotrope additives has been investigated. High-pressure small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) has revealed the addition of a small mole fraction of hydrotrope can yield a significant elongation in the microemulsion water droplets. For w/o systems, the degree of droplet growth was shown to be dependent on the water content, the hydrotrope mole fraction, and chemical structure, whereas for w/c microemulsions a similar, but less significant, effect was seen.