Correction: A Comprehensive Youth Diabetes Epidemiological Data Set and Web Portal: Resource Development and Case Studies.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.2196/53330.].

A web portal for exploring kinase-substrate interactions.

Interactions between protein kinases and their substrates are critical for the modulation of complex signaling pathways. Currently, there is a large amount of information available about kinases and their substrates in disparate public databases. However, these data are difficult to interpret in the context of cellular systems, which can be facilitated by examining interactions among multiple proteins at once, such as the network of interactions that constitute a signaling pathway.

A comprehensive exploration of the druggable conformational space of protein kinases using AI-predicted structures.

Protein kinase function and interactions with drugs are controlled in part by the movement of the DFG and ɑC-Helix motifs that are related to the catalytic activity of the kinase. Small molecule ligands elicit therapeutic effects with distinct selectivity profiles and residence times that often depend on the active or inactive kinase conformation(s) they bind. Modern AI-based structural modeling methods have the potential to expand upon the limited availability of experimentally determined kinase structures in inactive states.

A Comprehensive Youth Diabetes Epidemiological Data Set and Web Portal: Resource Development and Case Studies.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-diabetes mellitus (pre-DM) has been increasing among youth in recent decades in the United States, prompting an urgent need for understanding and identifying their associated risk factors. Such efforts, however, have been hindered by the lack of easily accessible youth pre-DM/DM data.

Objective: We aimed to first build a high-quality, comprehensive epidemiological data set focused on youth pre-DM/DM.

Canine circovirus among dogs and cats in China: first identification in cats.

Canine circovirus (CanineCV) is a virus associated with respiratory and digestive diseases in dogs and often occurs in coinfections with other pathogens, thereby aggravating the symptoms of infected dogs. CanineCV was first reported in the United States in 2012. Subsequently, it was reported among dogs in Europe, Asia, and South America.

Facilitating youth diabetes studies with the most comprehensive epidemiological dataset available through a public web portal.

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and prediabetes (preDM) is rapidly increasing among youth, posing significant health and economic consequences. To address this growing concern, we created the most comprehensive youth-focused diabetes dataset to date derived from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 1999 to 2018. The dataset, consisting of 15,149 youth aged 12 to 19 years, encompasses preDM/DM relevant variables from sociodemographic, health status, diet, and other lifestyle behavior domains.

Integrating multimodal data through interpretable heterogeneous ensembles.

Motivation: Integrating multimodal data represents an effective approach to predicting biomedical characteristics, such as protein functions and disease outcomes. However, existing data integration approaches do not sufficiently address the heterogeneous semantics of multimodal data. In particular, early and intermediate approaches that rely on a uniform integrated representation reinforce the consensus among the modalities but may lose exclusive local information.

MicroRNA-122 contributes to lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury via down-regulating the vitamin D receptor in the kidney.

Background: Our previous studies showed that vitamin D receptor (VDR) depletion promotes lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in mice, and renal VDR is down-regulated in AKI, but the mechanism of VDR down-regulation is unclear.

Methods: Nutritional vitamin D deficiency was induced by feeding mice a vitamin D-deficient (VD-D) diet. Mice were injected intraperitoneally with LPS (20 mg/kg) to establish LPS-induced AKI.

Upregulation of polycistronic microRNA-143 and microRNA-145 in colonocytes suppresses colitis and inflammation-associated colon cancer.

Because ADAM17 promotes colonic tumorigenesis, we investigated potential miRNAs regulating ADAM17; and examined effects of diet and tumorigenesis on these miRNAs. We also examined pre-miRNA processing and tumour suppressor roles of several of these miRNAs in experimental colon cancer. Using TargetScan, miR-145, miR-148a, and miR-152 were predicted to regulate ADAM17.

N-Adenosine Methylation of Socs1 mRNA Is Required to Sustain the Negative Feedback Control of Macrophage Activation.

Bacterial infection triggers a cytokine storm that needs to be resolved to maintain the host's wellbeing. Here, we report that ablation of mA methyltransferase subunit METTL14 in myeloid cells exacerbates macrophage responses to acute bacterial infection in mice, leading to high mortality due to sustained production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. METTL14 depletion blunts Socs1 mA methylation and reduces YTHDF1 binding to the mA sites, which diminishes SOCS1 induction leading to the overactivation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling.

Urinary NGAL and RBP Are Biomarkers of Normoalbuminuric Renal Insufficiency in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objectives: As a screening index of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), urinary albumin/creatine ratio (UACR) is commonly used. However, approximately 23.3%-56.

High-fat diet promotes experimental colitis by inducing oxidative stress in the colon.

Diets high in animal fats are associated with increased risks of inflammatory bowel disease, but the mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of high-fat diet (HFD) on the development of experimental colitis in mice. Relative to mice fed low-fat diet (LFD), HFD feeding for 4 wk increased the levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, and free fatty acids in the plasma as well as within the colonic mucosa.

Vitamin D/Vitamin D Receptor Signaling Is Required for Normal Development and Function of Group 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Gut.

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) play key roles in protective immunity and mucosal barrier maintenance. Here we showed that vitamin D/vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling regulates gut ILC3. VDR deletion or 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D deficiency in mice led to a marked reduction in colonic ILC3 populations at steady state and impaired ILC3 responses following Citrobacter rodentium infection, resulting in substantial increases in intestinal bacterial growth and mouse mortality.

Correction to: Vitamin D receptor expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is inversely associated with disease activity and inflammation in lupus patients.

The publisher regret that Funding statement was incomplete in the original publication; the authors have requested that the revised Funding statement be noted.

ATP-citrate lyase is an epigenetic regulator to promote obesity-related kidney injury.

Obesity is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), but how obesity promotes renal injury remains poorly understood. Here we showed that ATP-citrate lyase (ACL), an enzyme converting citrate to acetyl-CoA, is highly induced in the kidney of overweight or obese patients with CKD and ob/ob BTBR mice. ACL induction is associated with increased ectopic lipid accumulation (ELA), glomerulosclerosis, and albuminuria.

Vitamin D receptor expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is inversely associated with disease activity and inflammation in lupus patients.

Objective: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by uncontrolled production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) has potent anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between VDR expression and inflammation and disease activity in patients with SLE.

Losartan and Vitamin D Inhibit Colonic Tumor Development in a Conditional Apc-Deleted Mouse Model of Sporadic Colon Cancer.

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer deaths. The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is upregulated in colorectal cancer, and epidemiologic studies suggest RAS inhibitors reduce cancer risk. Because vitamin D (VD) receptor negatively regulates renin, we examined anticancer efficacy of VD and losartan (L), an angiotensin receptor blocker.

Renin-angiotensin system promotes colonic inflammation by inducing T17 activation via JAK2/STAT pathway.

Previous studies suggest that the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is a pathogenic factor for colitis. The goal of this study was to elucidate the molecular mechanism whereby angiotensin II (ANG II) promotes colonic inflammation. We found that renin was highly induced in colonic biopsies from patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease, and colonic renin and ANG II levels were markedly increased in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis model, indicating that the colonic RAS is activated in colitis.