Association of problematic smartphone use with poor sleep quality, depression, and anxiety: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

To quantitatively assess the association of problematic smartphone use (PSU) with poor sleep quality, depression, and anxiety, we reviewed current evidence from observational studies and performed a systematic review and meta-analysis. The EBSCO PsycARTICLES, EMBASE, PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched, and 14 studies were included for the systematic review and meta-analysis. We calculated odds risk and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using random-effect or fixed-effect models.

Chondroitin sulfate-polydopamine modified polyethylene terephthalate with extracellular matrix-mimetic immunoregulatory functions for osseointegration.

Optimal integration between the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) graft and host bone is a prerequisite to obtain a satisfactory outcome after graft implantation for ligament reconstruction. Recent studies indicate that complex biosignals including immunoregulation, cell recruitment, and osteogenic differentiation provided by the extracellular matrix (ECM) are conducive to promoting osseointegration. In the present study, a chondroitin sulfate (CS)/polydopamine-modified PET graft was developed to regulate the local immune microenvironment, guide stem cell behavior, and promote new bone formation.

Economic burdens on parents of children with autism: a literature review.

This review aims to summarize evidence from published articles regarding the economic burdens on parents of children diagnosed with autism to elaborate on current research status, discern key findings and provide suggestions for future studies. A total of 1024 records were identified through our systematic literature research, and 33 studies were included in the review. The 33 included studies reported findings from 10 different countries around the world.

Antineuroinflammatory therapy: potential treatment for autism spectrum disorder by inhibiting glial activation and restoring synaptic function.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by deficits in social interactions and perseverative and stereotypical behavior. Growing evidence points toward a critical role for synaptic dysfunction in the onset of ASD, and synaptic function is influenced by glial cells. Considering the evidence that neuroinflammation in ASD is mediated by glial cells, one hypothesis is that reactive glial cells, under inflammatory conditions, contribute to the loss of synaptic functions and trigger ASD.

Decarboxylative cascade cyclization of α-keto acids with 2-cyano-3-arylaniline-derived acrylamides.

An oxidative decarboxylative cascade cyclization of α-keto acids with 2-cyano-3-arylaniline-derived acrylamides was developed. This cascade reaction exhibits a broad substrate scope, and provides an efficient access to carbonyl-containing pyrido[4,3,2-gh]phenanthridines. A possible mechanism is proposed.

Degree centrality of key brain regions of attention networks in children with primary nocturnal enuresis: A resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging study.

Primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) is always associated with attention impairment, some of which even could develop to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The mechanism of attention impairment is not clear, especially lacking of objective indicators of neuroimaging. The aim of this study is to explore the possible functional imaging mechanism of impaired attention in PNE children.

Weight status in individuals with autism spectrum disorder: A study protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Weight status and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are rising public health concerns. An increasing number of reports indicate that individuals with ASD may have unhealthy weight status, but the evidence is mixed. To understand the weight status in individuals with ASD and provide strategies for prevention and intervention, we describe the protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis aimed at assessing the prevalence of obesity, overweight, and underweight in ASD.

Stigma among parents of children with autism: A literature review.

Objective: This literature review aims to summarize current findings from studies examined experiences of stigma among parents of children with autism.

Method: A systematic literature search was carried out to identify relevant studies. Two reviewers independently screened each records based on the selection criteria.

3D Printing of Silk Protein Structures by Aqueous Solvent-Directed Molecular Assembly.

Hierarchical molecular assembly is a fundamental strategy for manufacturing protein structures in nature. However, to translate this natural strategy into advanced digital manufacturing like three-dimensional (3D) printing remains a technical challenge. This work presents a 3D printing technique with silk fibroin to address this challenge, by rationally designing an aqueous salt bath capable of directing the hierarchical assembly of the protein molecules.

Sustained Release Strategy Designed for Lixisenatide Delivery to Synchronously Treat Diabetes and Associated Complications.

Diabetes and its complications have become a global challenge of public health. Herein, we aimed to develop a long-acting delivery system of lixisenatide (Lixi), a glucose-dependent antidiabetic peptide, based on an injectable hydrogel for the synchronous treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and associated complications. Two triblock copolymers, poly(ε-caprolactone--glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone--glycolic acid) and poly(d,l-lactic acid--glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(d,l-lactic acid--glycolic acid) possessing temperature-induced sol-gel transitions, were synthesized by us.

New compounds from the seeds of with their protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B inhibitory activity.

Two new flavonoids, 5,4'-dihydroxy-6,7-furanbavachalcone (), 1″-methoxy-6,7-furanflavanone (), together with five known compounds (-), were isolated from the seeds of Their structures were elucidated by IR, UV, NMR, HRESMS experiments, and comparison of their NMR data with previously reported data. All compounds were evaluated for inhibitory activity against PTP1B. Additionally, the isolated compounds (-) displayed moderate inhibitory effects against PTP1B with IC values ranging from 10.

Protective properties of glycogen synthase kinase-3 inhibition against doxorubicin-induced oxidative damage to mouse ovarian reserve.

Chemotherapy induces ovarian failure in female children and young female cancer survivors. It has been shown that doxorubicin (DOX), an antitumor drug of the anthracycline group, causes gonadotoxicity via the stimulation of oxidative stress. The inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) was reported to be able to regulate oxidative stress.

Iron(II)-Catalyzed Radical Addition to Aldimines with Hantzsch Ester as a Two-Hydrogen Atom Donor.

The first Fe(OTf)-catalyzed radical addition to aldimines with Hantzsch ester as a two-hydrogen atom donor is reported. The tin-free reaction works well for electron-deficient substrates and provides a potentially useful approach to α-branched amines and α-amino acids.

Combinatorial Library of Light-Cleavable Lipidoid Nanoparticles for Intracellular Drug Delivery.

Synthetic lipid-like molecules (lipidoids) are superior for intracellular delivery of various bioactive cargos. Through incorporating stimuli-responsive linkers, lipidoid nanoparticle-based delivery systems with triggered-release features can be constructed. Enhanced delivery performances have been achieved using disulfide bond-containing bioreducible lipidoids.

Two Penta-RE Encapsulated Tetravacant Dawson Selenotungstates and Nanoscale Derivatives and Their Luminescence Properties.

Two penta-RE encapsulated tetravacant Dawson selenotungstates [HN(CH)]H[SeORE(HO)(SeWO)]·40HO (RE = Dy (1), Gd (2)) were prepared by a one-step assembly strategy under bench conditions. Notably, the penta-RE-substituted [SeORE(HO)(SeWO)] polyoxoanion consists of two equivalent tetravacant Dawson [SeWO] fragments linked by a central penta-RE {SeORE(HO)} cluster through 16 lacunary oxygen atoms and four bridging oxygen atoms from two [SeWO] fragments. Furthermore, a series of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTABr) encapsulated 1@CTA nanomaterials were prepared by the microwave method by controlling different reaction times and temperatures.

Ambient air pollution exposure and risk of depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

Recent studies have reported an association between air pollution exposure and depression, with inconsistent results. To address this controversy, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational studies that investigated outdoor air pollution and depression. Five electronic databases were searched, and fifteen articles were finally identified.

Three novel polyoxometalate-based inorganic-organic hybrid materials based on 2,6-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pyridine.

Three novel inorganic-organic hybrid materials [Co(btp)(WO)(HO)] (1), [Cd(btp)(PWO)(HO)·6HO] (2), and [Ag(btp)(PMoO)·1.5HO] (3) (btp = 2,6-bis(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)pyridine) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), elemental analysis and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The most striking structure feature of compound 1 is a 3D polycatenation framework, interpenetrated by a 2D 4-connected topology layer and a 3D 6-connected topology framework.

A novel xenograft mouse model for testing approaches targeting human kappa light-chain diseases.

Patients with immunoglobulin (Ig) light-chain (LC) diseases such as LC light-chain amyloidosis die with organ failure and need new therapies. We sought a model to test anti-LC siRNA delivery to human plasma cells, requiring circulating LC, in vivo indicators of tumor presence, and capacity for multiple injections of delivery vehicle. The JJN-3 human myeloma reporter cell line expressing firefly luciferase (FFL) implanted intraperitoneally (IP) in the NOD scid γ (NSG) mouse has a 90% prompt tumor-take, rapid LC production, and in vivo indicators of tumor measurable on day 5 post-implant (κ LC, bioluminescent signal, and soluble B-cell maturation antigen [sBCMA]) with median day 5 serum levels of κ LC of 1482 ng/mL (range, 255-4831) and robust correlations with all in vivo indicators.

Use of cognitive correction training improves learning for children with mathematics learning disability.

Children with normal intelligence may experience varying degrees of mathematics learning disabilities (MD). This study aims to conduct training to improve the brain's cognitive ability for mathematics learning by focusing on two important mathematical cognitive abilities. This was a prospective study of 70 children in grades 2-5 from two primary schools in Changzhou and with MD enrolled from June 2015 to February 2017.

Copper-Catalyzed Decarboxylative Oxyalkylation of Alkynyl Carboxylic Acids: Synthesis of γ-Diketones and γ-Ketonitriles.

A novel copper-catalyzed decarboxylative oxyalkylation of alkynyl carboxylic acids with ketones and alkylnitriles via direct C(sp)-H bond functionalization to construct new C-C bonds and C-O double bonds was developed. This transformation is featured by wide functional group compatibility and the use of readily available reagents, thus affording a general approach to γ-diketones and γ-ketonitriles. A possible mechanism is proposed.

Access to Multisubstituted 2(5 H)-Furanones Using Hydrogen Bonding-Promoted Ring-Closing Metathesis and Polyamine Workup.

Structurally complex 2(5 H)-furanones are potentially challenging targets for ring-closing metathesis (RCM). A hydrogen bonding-guided RCM strategy was developed in this study to provide 3-substituted and 3,4-disubstituted 2(5 H)-furanones in moderate to high yields with broad functional group tolerance. A workup procedure using ethylenediamine-derived polyamines such as tetraethylenepentylamine was also established to effectively remove Ru residues in products.

Organic-inorganic hybrids assembled from plenary Keggin-type germanotungstate units and 3d-4f heterometal clusters.

Two kinds of organic-inorganic 3d-4f heterometal hybrids based on plenary α-Keggin-type germanotungstates [Cu2(H2O)3(PA)3] [Ln0.5Na0.5Cu2(H2O)12(PA)3][α-GeW12O40]·5H2O [Ln = La3+ (1), Ce3+ (2)] and [Cu2(H2O)2(PA)3][Cu(PA)2][Ln(H2O)7][α-GeW12O40]·7H2O [Ln = Tb3+ (3), Dy3+ (4), HPA = 2-picolinic acid] were prepared via the strategy of combining an in situ assembly reaction and stepwise synthesis in the aqueous solution.

Three Types of Distinguishing l-Alanine-Decorated and Rare-Earth-Incorporated Arsenotungstate Hybrids Prepared in a Facile One-Step Assembly Strategy.

Three kinds of distinguishing ala-decorated RE-incorporated (ala = l-alanine, RE = rare-earth) polytungstoarsenate hybrids containing {AsWO} building blocks [HN(CH)]NaH[EuW(HO)(ala)O(AsWO)]·35HO (1), [HN(CH)]NaH[REW(HO)(ala)O(OH)(AsWO)]·36HO [RE = Gd (2), Tb (3)], and [HN(CH)]Na[REW(HO)(ala)O(OH)(AsWO)]·40HO [RE = Dy (4), Ho (5), Er (6), Yb (7), Lu (8)] were made in a facile one-step assembly strategy. The polyoxoanion skeletons of 1-8 are very similar, and all can be described as two [AsWO] moieties encapsulating an ala-decorated W-O-RE heterometallic cluster ([EuW(HO)(ala)O] for 1, [REW(HO)(ala)O(OH)] for 2-3, and [REW(HO)(ala)O(OH)] for 4-8, resulting in a four-leaf--clover-shaped tetrameric structure; however, the major discrepancy in the ala-decorated W-O-RE heterometallic clusters lies in the number of ala molecules equaling to three, four, and two, which may result from the various coordination geometries of RE ions and the different construction modes of W-O-RE heterometallic clusters. It should be emphasized that the carboxyl groups of ala ligands only coordinate to the W centers in 4-8, while they not only bridge the W centers together but also combine RE ions together in 1-3.