Aqueous Extract of Murray Attenuates Neuroinflammation in C57BL/6J Mice Induced by High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet Through Regulating Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism.

The aqueous extract of Murray (LRE) could attenuate neuroinflammation in mice induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD). Moreover, LRE could adjust bile acid (BA) metabolism and the gut microbiota. Behavioral tests revealed that LRE prevented HFFD-induced cognitive deficits.

In vivo absorption and fecal excretion of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. in rats through fluorescence labeling.

In the present study, the in vivo absorption and fecal excretion of a purified fraction of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs-4) in rats were investigated by labelling LBPs-4 with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). It was found that the fluorescent labeled LBPs-4 (LBPs-4-FITC) was not detected in the plasma within 24 h following the administration of a single dose of LBPs-4-FITC (100 mg/kg of body weight) to rats, indicating that LBPs-4 was hardly absorbed in its prototype form.

absorption and excretion in rats and digestion and fermentation by the human intestinal microbiota of 2--β-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid from the fruits of L.

2--β-D-Glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid (AA-2βG) from fruits has diverse bioactivities, yet its absorption and digestion are poorly understood. Therefore, the absorption of AA-2βG in rats was investigated in the present study. After oral administration to SD rats, AA-2βG was absorbed intact, reaching a peak plasma concentration of 472.

Anthocyanins from Murray attenuates high-fat diet-induced hypercholesterolemia in ApoE mice are related to the modulation of gut microbiota and the ratio of conjugated to unconjugated bile acids in fecal bile acid profile.

Previous findings showed that anthocyanins from Murray (ACN) reduced HFD-induced hypercholesterolemia by regulating gut microbiota, but the mechanism has not been fully understood. The objective of this research was to know whether the cholesterol-lowering impact of ACN in HFD-induced ApoE mice is related to the gut microbiota-bile acid (BA) metabolism. Twenty-four male ApoE mice were divided into three groups: the Control group, the HFD group, and the HFD + ACN group.

The polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum ameliorate high-fat and high-fructose diet-induced cognitive impairment via regulating blood glucose and mediating gut microbiota.

High-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD) consumption can induce cognitive dysfunction and gut microbiota disorder. In the present study, the effects of the polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs) on HFFD-induced cognitive deficits and gut microbiota dysbiosis were investigated.

A comprehensive review of goji berry processing and utilization.

Goji berry (wolfberry, ), is a genus of Solanaceae, in which the roots, stems, leaves, and fruits are for both food and medicinal uses. In recent years, the demand for health food and research purposes has led to increasing attention being paid to the application of goji berry nutrients and resources. There are three general strategies to process and utilize the goji berry plant.

Water extract of goji berries improves neuroinflammation induced by a high-fat and high-fructose diet based on the bile acid-mediated gut-brain axis pathway.

The high-fat and high-fructose diet (HFFD) is a common diet in westernized societies, which worsens disturbances in gut microbiota and bile acid (BA) metabolism. Herein, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of the water extract of fruits (LBE) on gut microbiota and BA metabolism in mice with HFFD-induced neuroinflammation. The results showed that supplementation of LBE for 14 weeks remarkably ameliorated weight gain and insulin resistance and suppressed microglial activation and neural neuroinflammation induced by HFFD.

Inhibitory effects of the anthocyanins from Lycium ruthenicum Murray on angiotensin-I-converting enzyme: in vitro and molecular docking studies.

Background: Lycium ruthenicum Murray (LRM), a perennial shrub plant belonging to the Solanaceae family, is rich in anthocyanins, which have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, lipid-lowering, intestinal flora regulating, and other pharmacological qualities. This study was primarily aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of different anthocyanin purities from LRM on angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in vitro. Moreover, the inhibitory mechanism was further analyzed by molecular docking technology.

A purified fraction of polysaccharides from the fruits of L. improves glucose homeostasis and intestinal barrier function in high-fat diet-fed mice.

High-fat diet (HFD) consumption can induce intestinal barrier dysfunction and disrupt glucose metabolism. Our previous studies have demonstrated that polysaccharides obtained from the fruits of L. (LBPs) could suppress acute experimental diabetes as well as colitis in mice.

Anthocyanins from Murray Ameliorated High-Fructose Diet-Induced Neuroinflammation through the Promotion of the Integrity of the Intestinal Barrier and the Proliferation of .

In the present study, we found that anthocyanins from Murray (ACN) potently ameliorated a high-fructose diet (HFrD)-induced neuroinflammation in mice. ACN improved the integrity of the intestinal barrier and suppressed the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway to ameliorate the neuroinflammation, which was verified by 4 mice. Furthermore, ACN could modulate the HFrD-induced dysbiosis of gut microbiota.

Zeaxanthin Dipalmitate-Enriched Emulsion Stabilized with Whey Protein Isolate-Gum Arabic Maillard Conjugate Improves Gut Microbiota and Inflammation of Colitis Mice.

In the present study, protein-polysaccharide Maillard conjugates were used as novel emulsifiers and bioactive carriers. Effects and potential mechanisms of zeaxanthin dipalmitate (ZD)-enriched emulsion stabilized with whey protein isolate (WPI)-gum Arabic (GA) conjugate (WPI-GA-ZD) and ZD-free emulsion (WPI-GA) on gut microbiota and inflammation were investigated using a model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice. As a result, supplementation with WPI-GA and WPI-GA-ZD improved the serum physiological and biochemical indicators, decreased the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and related mRNA, as well as increased the tight junction proteins to a certain extent.

The polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. modify the gut community profile and alleviate dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice.

In the present study, the effects of a purified fraction of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs), named LBPs-4, on the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice were evaluated. The results showed that LBPs-4 decreased disease activity index score, prevented colon shortening and reduced plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and prostaglandin E2) in mice with colitis.

Modulation of gut microbiota and hypoglycemic/hypolipidemic activity of flavonoids from the fruits of on high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic mice.

has been used as a traditional medicinal and edible plant in China. The fruits of , rich in flavonoids with large exploration potential, are associated with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities that may contribute to reducing the risk of diabetes. However, information on the antidiabetic activity of flavonoids from (LBFs) is still limited.

Pt3R5G inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation through inducing ferroptosis by down-regulating SLC7A11.

Aims: Colon cancer (CC) is a prevalent malignancy worldwide and is one of the most easily altered cancers by dietary regulation. Petunidin 3-O-[rhamnopyranosyl-(trans-p-coumaroyl)]-5-O-(β-D-glucopyranoside) (Pt3R5G) isolated and purified from Lycium ruthenicum Murray, which exhibits highly efficient antioxidant activity and specific anticancer effects, is the flavonoids compound. We aimed to study the effect of Pt3R5G on CC cells and elucidate the potential underlying mechanisms.

The polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. confer anti-diabetic effect by regulating gut microbiota and intestinal barrier.

The antidiabetic effect and potential mechanisms of the polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. (LBPs) by the mouse model of high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced diabetes were investigated. Six-week oral administration of LBPs (200 mg/kg/day) resulted in improvement in the levels of fasting blood glucose (13.

Isolation, structure and biological activity of polysaccharides from the fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr: A review.

The ripe fruits of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. (black wolfberry) have been utilized as folk medicine and nutritional food for thousands of years. L.

(Goji) as functional food: a review of its nutrition, phytochemical structure, biological features, and food industry prospects.

genus (Goji berry) is recognized as a good source of homology of medicine and food, with various nutrients and phytochemicals. Lately, numerous studies have focused on the chemical constituents and biological functions of the L., covering phytochemical and pharmacological aspects.

(-)-5-O-(3-O-β-d-Glucopyranosylcaffeoyl)-quinic acid from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. var. auranticarpum K. F. Ching: Purification, identification and in vitro bioactivities.

Chlorogenic acids are important phenolics in the fruits of wolfberry, but little attention has been paid on their glucosylated forms. In the present study, a glucosylated form of chlorogenic acid was isolated from the fruits of Lycium barbarum L. var.

Preventive Effects of Anthocyanins from Murray in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice Are Related to the Regulation of Intestinal Microbiota and Inhibition of Pancreatic Lipase Activity.

Murray (. ) has been used both as traditional Chinese medicine and food. Recent studies indicated that anthocyanins are the most abundant bioactive compounds in the .

Characterization and Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Flavonoids from the Fruits of .

The fruits of are rich in flavonoids, which may contribute to the health-promoting function of . However, the composition of flavonoids in the fruits of (LBFs) has received little attention. Thus, the goal of this work was to identify more kinds of flavonoids from fruits of by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The Main Anthocyanin Monomer from Murray Fruit Mediates Obesity via Modulating the Gut Microbiota and Improving the Intestinal Barrier.

Anthocyanins have been shown to exert certain antiobesity properties, but the specific relationship between anthocyanin-induced beneficial effects and the gut microbiota remains unclear. Petunidin-3--[rhamnopyranosyl-(trans--coumaroyl)]-5--(β-D-glucopyranoside) (P3G) is the main anthocyanin monomer from the fruit of Murray. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the antiobesity and remodeling effects of P3G on gut microbiota through a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity mouse model and a fecal microbiota transplantation experiment.

The main anthocyanin monomer of Lycium ruthenicum Murray induces apoptosis through the ROS/PTEN/PI3K/Akt/caspase 3 signaling pathway in prostate cancer DU-145 cells.

Anthocyanins have been reported to have effective chemopreventive activity. Lycium ruthenicum Murray is rich in anthocyanins and exhibits many biological activities. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and possible biological mechanism of the main anthocyanin monomer (Pt3G) of Lycium ruthenicum Murray on prostate cancer DU-145 cells.

Effects of long-term consumption of polysaccharides from the fruit of Lycium barbarum on host's health.

Polysaccharides from the fruit of Lycium barbarum (LBPs) are functional molecules with diverse biological functions in vivo and in vitro. This study investigated the long-term consumption of LBPs on host's health in BALB/c mice. Six-week-old male mice (n = 10 each group) were fed either a normal control (NC) diet or supplemented with 200 mg/kg (body weight)/d of LBPs for 14 weeks.

Ascorbic Acid Derivative 2--β-d-Glucopyranosyl-l-Ascorbic Acid from the Fruit of Modulates Microbiota in the Small Intestine and Colon and Exerts an Immunomodulatory Effect on Cyclophosphamide-Treated BALB/c Mice.

2--β-d-Glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (AA-2βG) is a natural and stable ascorbic acid derivative isolated from the fruits of . In our present study, cyclophosphamide (Cy) was used to make BALB/c mice immunosuppressive and AA-2βG was used to intervene immunosuppressive mice. It was found that Cy treatment resulted in a series of changes on basic immune indexes including a decrease of thymus and spleen indexes and levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and destruction of leucocyte proportion balance, accompanied with weight loss, reduction in colon length, and changes of hepatic function markers.

Long-Term Consumption of 2--β-d-Glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic Acid from the Fruits of Modulates Gut Microbiota in C57BL/6 Mice.

The modulating effect of 2--β-d-glucopyranosyl-l-ascorbic acid (AA-2βG), a natural derivative of ascorbic acid from the fruits of , on mice gut microbiota was investigated in the present study. It was found that AA-2βG was able to adjust the structure of mice gut microbiota, elevated the relative abundances of Verrucomicrobia, Porphyromonadaceae, Verrucomicrobiaceae, and Erysipelotrichaceae, and meanwhile reduced the relative abundances of Firmicutes, Lachnospiraceae, Rikenellaceae, Ruminococcaceae, Bdellovibrionaceae, Anaeroplasmataceae, and Peptococcaceae. Through the linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis, the key microbiota that were found to be significantly changed after long-term consumption of AA-2βG were Ruminococcaceae, Porphyromonadaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Rikenellaceae.