A Case of Fat Embolism Syndrome Treated with Methylprednisolone.

A 74-year-old woman presented with sudden dyspnea 22 h after orthopedic surgery. Echocardiography revealed significant right ventricular dilatation, suggesting the development of acute pulmonary embolism. However, contrast computed tomography showed no signs of pulmonary thromboembolism, leading to suspicion of fat embolism syndrome (FES).

Successful portosystemic shunt embolization resolves hepatic encephalopathy and enhances hepatic function and glycemic control in MASH-related cirrhosis: a case report.

We report the case of a 70-year-old woman with advanced hepatic encephalopathy (HE) secondary to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-related cirrhosis who exhibited an excellent response to portosystemic shunt embolization. Four years earlier, she was diagnosed as having MASH-related cirrhosis accompanied by multiple mesenteric vein-inferior vena cava shunts. As her condition progressed, she suffered recurrent HE that was unresponsive to oral medication, prompting the decision to proceed with shunt embolization.

Newly Diagnosed Cancer After Diagnosis of Venous Thromboembolism - Insights From the COMMAND VTE Registry-2.

Background: Previous randomized clinical trials did not support a benefit of screening for occult cancer after diagnosis of venous thromboembolism (VTE), although screening may be of potential benefit for selected high-risk patients.

Methods And Results: The COMMAND VTE Registry-2 enrolled consecutive patients with acute symptomatic VTE between 2015 and 2020 from 31 centers across Japan. The 3,706 patients in the registry without known active cancer at the time of VTE diagnosis were divided into 2 groups: those with (n=250) and without (n=3,456) newly diagnosed cancer during the follow-up period.

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation Type on Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Aortic Stenosis: A Single-Center Analysis.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a recognized risk factor for mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis, but the impact of different types of AF on clinical outcomes remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective study included 982 patients divided into 3 groups: no AF, paroxysmal AF, and nonparoxysmal AF (persistent or permanent). Clinical outcomes were analyzed using inverse probability weighting and multivariate models.

The relationship between controlled ovarian stimulation protocol, meiotic spindle visibility, position of the meiotic spindle relative to the polar body in the human oocyte, and clinical outcomes following ICSI.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of different controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols, including the progestin-primed ovarian stimulation (PPOS), long, short, and the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocols, on meiotic spindle visibility and position within the oocyte and clinical outcomes following ICSI.

Methods: Before ICSI, spindle position () just below the polar body (PB) was defined as 0° and categorized as follows:  = 0°, 0° <  ≤ 30°, 30° <  ≤ 60°, 60° <  ≤ 90°, 90° <  ≤ 180°, between the PB and the oolemma, and nonvisible. The clinical outcomes after ICSI were retrospectively analyzed.

[Prophylactic Negative Pressure Wound Therapy for Patients at High Risk of Surgical Site Infection in Cardiovascular Surgery].

Background: Deep sternal wound infection after cardiovascular surgery is one of the most devasting complications in both a short and long term. The addition of prophylactic negative pressure wound therapy( pNPWT) to standard surgical site infection( SSI) prophylaxis could be promising approach for the reduction of this problem.

Methods: We evaluated 117 consecutive patients who underwent median sternotomy for cardiovascular surgery at our institution from July 2021 to December 2021.

Mechanoelectrical Transduction through Anion Recognition with Naphthalenediimide Monolayers at the Air-Water Interface.

In biological systems, various stimuli and energies are transduced into membrane potentials via ion transport or binding. The application of this concept to artificial devices may result in biomimetic signal transmitters and energy harvesters. In this study, we investigated the mechanical control of fluoride anion recognition with naphthalenediimide (NDI) monolayers at the air-water interface.

Takayasu arteritis-associated refractory hypertension induces nephrotic syndrome through glomerular microangiopathy.

Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a systemic inflammatory condition characterized by vasculitis in mainly the aorta and their branches; however, few reports have demonstrated glomerulonephritis and subsequent nephrotic syndrome in patients with TAK. We encountered a 69-year-old woman with TAK who developed nephrotic syndrome owing to uncontrolled hypertension. Kidney biopsy demonstrated endotheliosis, aberrant proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells, and concentric intimal hyperplasia without any clues of vasculitis.

Initial Experience of Contact Laser Vaporization of the Prostate Using the New Type of Fiber for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in a Single Institution.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to evaluate our initial experience with contact laser vaporization of the prostate (CVP) using the new type of fiber for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 43 patients in whom CVP was performed using the new type of fiber from October 2020 to December 2021 at our institution. Total International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), IPSS voiding, IPSS storage, IPSS postmicturition, quality of life (QOL) index, maximum urinary flow rate (Qmax), and postvoid residual urine (PVR) were evaluated preoperatively and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively.

[Changes in FDG-PET Images of Small Lung and Liver Masses Caused by the Deep Learning-based Time-of-flight Processing].

Purpose: The deep learning time-of-flight (DL-ToF) aims to replicate the ToF effects through post-processing, applying deep learning-based enhancement to PET images. This study evaluates the effectiveness of DL-ToF using a chest-abdomen phantom that simulates human anatomical structures.

Methods: The 3 DL-ToF intensities (Low-DL-ToF: LDL, Middle-DL-ToF: MDL, High-DL-ToF: HDL) were adopted for the PET image of the chest-abdomen phantom.

External validation of the performance of commercially available deep-learning-based lung nodule detection on low-dose CT images for lung cancer screening in Japan.

Purpose: Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms for lung nodule detection have been developed to assist radiologists. However, external validation of its performance on low-dose CT (LDCT) images is insufficient. We examined the performance of the commercially available deep-learning-based lung nodule detection (DL-LND) using LDCT images at Japanese lung cancer screening (LCS).

Black Soybean Seed Coat Extract Suppresses Gut Tumorigenesis by Augmenting the Production of Gut Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids.

Background: Proanthocyanidins (PACs) from black soybean seed coat have antioxidant and anti-tumorigenic properties. We investigated the anti-tumor properties and mechanisms of action of PACs on colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We fed the APC mice, which are highly susceptible to spontaneous intestinal adenoma formation, diets supplemented with or without PACs for 7 weeks and assessed adverse effects, the number and size of intestinal polyps, and the expression of pro- and anti-proliferative proteins in the intestine.

Fecal fatty acid-linked bile acid profiles in pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis.

Objective: Effect of gut dysbiosis on fatty acid (FA) linked 3β-hydroxy-bile acid esters (FA-isoBAs) formation is currently unknown. This study aimed to investigate the profile of FA-isoBAs in fecal samples from pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: Fecal samples were collected from seven pediatric patients diagnosed with UC and seven age-matched healthy controls.

Rivaroxaban for 18 Months Versus 6 Months in Patients With Cancer and Acute Low-Risk Pulmonary Embolism: An Open-Label, Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial (ONCO PE Trial).

Background: The optimal duration of anticoagulation therapy for patients with cancer and acute low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE) is clinically relevant, but evidence is lacking. Prolonged anticoagulation therapy could have a potential benefit for prevention of thrombotic events; however, it could also increase the risk of bleeding.

Methods: In a multicenter, open-label, adjudicator-blinded, randomized clinical trial at 32 institutions in Japan, we randomly assigned patients with cancer and acute low-risk PE of the simplified version of the Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index score of 1, in a 1:1 ratio, to receive either an 18-month or a 6-month rivaroxaban treatment.

Impact of Flow-Gradient Patterns on Outcomes of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement for Severe Aortic Stenosis with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction.

To compare the clinical outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) and preserved ejection fraction (pEF) according to flow-gradient status.This retrospective study focused on patients with severe AS and pEF (≥ 50%) undergoing TAVR with newer generation valves (Sapien3/3 Ultra, Evolut Pro/Pro+/FX) between 2018 and 2022 (n = 781). Patients were divided into 3 groups: normal-flow high-gradient (NF-HG, stroke volume index ≥ 35 mL/m and mean pressure gradient ≥ 40 mmHg or peak velocity ≥ 4 m/second), low-flow high-gradient (LF-HG), and paradoxical low-flow low-gradient (pLF-LG) groups.

[Research Report on the Consistency of Radiation Dose Structured Report (RDSR)].

In 2020, recording and management of exposure doses for computed tomography (CT) became mandatory. In terms of dose management, information regarding the imaged body part is particularly important information for proper tabulation. However, the actual body part to be imaged and the body part information obtained from the device may differ.

Usefulness of a dedicated laser-cut metal stent with an anchoring hook and thin delivery system for EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy in malignant biliary obstruction: a prospective multicenter trial (with video).

Background And Aims: EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS) carries a risk of serious adverse events (AEs). A newly designed, partially covered laser-cut stent with antimigration anchoring hooks and a thin tapered tip (7.2F), called a Hook stent (Zeon Medical, Tokyo, Japan), has been developed to prevent serious AEs associated with EUS-HGS.

Horner's syndrome caused by the first rib fracture sustained during coronary artery bypass grafting: a case report and literature review.

Background: Horner's syndrome is a rare complication of cardiovascular surgery. A bone fragment and hematoma due to rib fracture after cardiac surgery may cause injury to the brachial nerve plexus and sympathetic nerve trunk, leading to neurologic disorders and Horner's syndrome. However, few reports have revealed the etiology of Horner's syndrome after cardiovascular surgery based on imaging.

Ten-year survival after resection of a huge rhabdomyosarcoma in the pericardial cavity.

Background: Primary malignant cardiac tumors are exceedingly rare and cardiac rhabdomyosarcoma among them is an exceptional rarity characterized by a dismal poor prognosis.

Case Presentation: A 48-year-old man had suffered from a persistent cough lasting for more than 6 months and computed tomography showed a huge mass in the pericardial cavity with heterogeneous content. Following referral to our department for suspected cardiac malignancy, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging revealed a lucent layer on the boundary around the mass, suggesting the feasibility of surgical resection.

Relationship between preoperative and discharge evaluations in patients receiving around-the-knee osteotomy.

[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the relationship between preoperative and discharge assessments in patients undergoing around-the-knee osteotomy. [Participants and Methods] We enrolled patients admitted to our hospital who underwent around-the-knee osteotomy. We measured knee joint range of motion, pain numeric rating scale, pain catastrophizing scale, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and 10-m walk time were measured preoperatively and before discharge.

Antenatal Detection of a True Umbilical Cord Knot: Facilitating Optimal Delivery Management.

Prenatal diagnosis of a true umbilical cord knot is challenging. However, prenatal diagnosis is clinically valuable because it allows preparation for fetal distress during labor. Here, we report a case of prenatal diagnosis of true umbilical cord knot, with a favorable delivery management.