Improving pediatric magnetic resonance imaging safety by enhanced non-technical skills and team collaboration.

Background: Safe pediatric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) ideally relies on non-sedative techniques, as avoiding risky sedation is inherently safer. However, in practice, sedation often becomes unavoidable, particularly for younger children or those with anxiety, to ensure motion-free, high-quality imaging. This narrative review explores the current practices and proposes strategies to enhance safety in pediatric MRI examinations.

Case report: Rare heterozygous variant in the gene causing 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis with a non-communicating rudimentary uterus.

The nuclear receptor subfamily 5 group A member 1 () gene encodes NR5A1, also known as steroidogenic factor 1, a crucial transcriptional factor regulating adrenal and gonadal development and function. Although pathogenic variants in are known to cause a spectrum of disorders of sex development (DSD), individuals with 46,XY DSD with fully female internal and external genitalia are relatively rare. Herein, we present the case of a patient with 46,XY complete gonadal dysgenesis (CGD) who had a non-communicating rudimentary uterus due to a c.

A case of chronic kidney disease with refractory periodic vomiting and hypertension in a pediatric patient.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) sometimes experience gastrointestinal symptoms, such as nausea and vomiting. In addition, hypertension and CKD are closely linked, and sustained hypertension in children is associated with the progression of CKD, leading to early cardiomyopathy and premature atherosclerosis. These symptoms substantially affect the quality of daily life of CKD patients, and particularly in children with CKD, they may cause growth retardation.

Effective generation mechanisms of tropical instability waves as represented by high-resolution coupled atmosphere-ocean prediction experiments.

Cusp-shaped fluctuations of the sea surface temperature (SST) front in the tropical Pacific, now known as tropical instability waves (TIWs), were discovered by remote sensing in the 1970s. Their discovery was followed by both theoretical and analytical studies, which, along with in situ observations, identified several possible generation mechanisms. Although modeling studies have shown that TIWs strongly influence the heat budget, their influence on local variations of realistically initialized predictions is not yet understood.

Experimental and Clinical Investigation of Cytokines in Migraine: A Narrative Review.

The role of neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of migraines is increasingly being recognized, and cytokines, which are important endogenous substances involved in immune and inflammatory responses, have also received attention. This review examines the current literature on neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of migraine. Elevated TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels have been identified in non-invasive mouse models with cortical spreading depolarization (CSD).

Pediatric Cutaneous Mastocytosis With Motor and Intellectual Delay.

Pediatric mastocytosis is a relatively rare disorder and most commonly occurs as isolated cutaneous lesions. Although autism spectrum disorders have been reported to be associated with mastocytosis, no clear association between mastocytosis and motor and intellectual delay has been reported with the exception of the case that detected de novo monoallelic mutations in the gene. Herein, we describe the case of a Japanese male pediatric patient aged two years and six months who had cutaneous mastocytosis accompanied by motor and intellectual delay without the presence of mutation.

Association of the Mannose-Binding Lectin 2 BB Genotype with COVID-19-Related Mortality.

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is crucial in first-line immune defenses. There are still many unknown factors regarding the mechanisms causing variability in the clinical course of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In Japan, there have been few reports to date regarding the association between MBL and COVID-19.

Cold- versus warm-season-forced variability of the Kuroshio and North Pacific subtropical mode water.

The ocean responds to atmospheric variations. Changes in sea surface winds, surface air temperature, and surface air humidity cause upper ocean variability by modulating air-sea momentum and heat exchanges. Upper ocean variability in the mid-latitudes on inter-annual and longer timescales has previously been considered to be attributable to atmospheric variations in the cold season, because atmospheric forcing is stronger in the cold season than in the warm season.

A Case of Late-Onset Group B Streptococcus Serotype Ⅰb Meningitis With Absence of Pleocytosis at the Initial Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis.

Bacterial meningitis in infants is a life-threatening illness that survives significant neurological sequelae that remain in survivors. The current diagnostic gold standard for meningitis is bacterial isolation from culture or molecular diagnostics in the cerebrospinal fluid. The decision for antibiotics therapy before bacterial detection is made on microscopic and biochemical findings in the cerebrospinal fluid, however, some patient shows no microscopic finding and pleocytosis at the initial cerebrospinal fluid analysis.

Perinatal lethal Gaucher disease: A case report and review of literature.

Perinatal lethal Gaucher disease is a very rare variant of type 2 Gaucher disease that occurs in the neonatal period and leads to death in early infancy. The disease is characterized by hydrops fetalis or a collodion baby phenotype accompanied with progressive neurological manifestations, hepatosplenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, anemia, and failure to thrive. We report a case of perinatal lethal Gaucher disease treated with enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) who survived for 9 months and present a literature review of perinatal lethal Gaucher disease cases.

Chronic Diarrhea Associated with Edwardsiella Tarda Gastroenteritis: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Edwardsiella tarda , a Gram-negative bacterium classified into the genus Enterobacteriaceae, causes self-limited gastroenteritis. Here, we report a case of E. tarda gastroenteritis in a previously healthy 12-year-old boy in whom inflammatory bowel disease was precluded by endoscopy and tissue biopsy due to 3-month history of diarrhea, abdominal pain and weight loss.

Effect of vaccine program on IgG antibody titers for measles, rubella, varicella, and mumps in young adults in Japan: Survey between 2018 and 2021.

Introduction: Improved routine immunizations in Japan have led to a reduction in vaccine-preventable diseases. Due to changes in the vaccination program, current young adults received their second vaccination for measles and rubella at different times depending on their birth year, and most of them have not been vaccinated against varicella and mumps. This study investigated the effect of vaccine programs on the immunity of people in Japan.

Effectiveness of a Tailored Fall-Prevention Program for Discharged Older Patients: A Multicenter, Preliminary, Randomized Controlled Trial.

This multicenter, preliminary, randomized controlled trial investigated the effect of a tailored fall-prevention program using home floor plans for discharged orthopedic patients aged ≥65 years who experienced ≥1 fall(s) in the past year ( = 72) at five acute-care hospitals. The control group received standard care (exercise to prevent recurrent falls), whereas the intervention group received a tailored fall-prevention program in addition to usual care. A physical therapist conducted the tailored education program using each patient's home floor plans before discharge.

Involvement of Peripheral Monocytes with IL-1β in the Pathogenesis of West Syndrome.

Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of West syndrome (WS). Inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β(IL-1β), have been reported to be associated with epilepsy. However, the assessment of cytokine changes in humans is not always simple or deterministic.