Gingival tissue human beta-defensin levels in relation to infection and inflammation.

Aim: To profile gingival tissue levels of human beta-defensin (hBD)-2 and hBD-3 in relation to gingival inflammation, Th17-related cytokine concentrations, Porphyromonas gingivalis counts, and gingipain and total protease activities.

Materials And Methods: Gingival tissue and subgingival plaque samples were collected from 21 periodontitis patients including 48 periodontal pocket sites with marginal, mild, or moderate to severe inflammation. hBD levels were determined by immunodetection, P.

Clinical Guidelines and Implementation into Daily Dental Practice.

Introduction: The purpose of this study is to assess the extent of the familiarity, attitude and perceptions of dental professionals regarding clinical dental guidelines and their implementation into daily dental practice.

Material And Methods: For this purpose, a questionnaire which was developed by the members of the World Dental Federation, European Regional Organization Working Group - 'Relation Between Dental Practitioner and Universities', was implemented by the National Dental Associations of six European Regional Organization-zone countries (Georgian Stomatological Association - Georgia, Associazione Nazionale Dentisti Italiani - Italy, Portuguese Dental Association - Portugal, Russian Dental Association - Russia, Swiss Dental Association - Switzerland, and Turkish Dental Association - Turkey. The questionnaire was filled by a total of 910 dental professionals who are members of one of these national dental associations and who voluntarily wanted to participate to this survey.

Implant-Site Related and Patient-Based Factors With the Potential to Impact Patients' Satisfaction, Quality of Life Measures and Perceptions Toward Dental Implant Treatment.

Objectives: The present study aimed at evaluating both the implant site-related and patient-based factors with the potential to affect the extent of patients' satisfaction and also their perceptions regarding dental implant treatment. Potential differences between the esthetic evaluations of dental patients and dental specialists were also considered.

Materials And Methods: Implant-supported fixed prosthesis (n = 164) in 264 anterior esthetic implant sites were included.

Practical Implementation of Evidence-Based Dentistry Into Daily Dental Practice Through a Short Time Dependent Searching Method.

Introduction: Despite the fact that the benefits of implementation of Evidence-Based Dentistry (EBD) into clinical practice is increasingly being highlighted, there are still clear limitations in its implementation into daily dental practice. One potentially important barrier to effective implementation into practice is the perception of EBD as a time-consuming process. The aim of the present study is to increase the familiarity of dental practitioners with the benefits of different time-dependent 'practical' search strategies important to EBD using a clinical question from the field of dental implantology as an example.

Eleven Basic Procedures/Practices for Dental Patient Safety.

Objectives: This study aimed to help alleviate the shortage of reliable information on clinical care issues; the Spanish Observatory of Dental Patient Safety (OESPO) has resorted to the study of legal claims by patients and searched those which produced clinical problems.

Methods: Based on OESPO data, this article proposes 11 basic procedures/practices for dental patient safety to help mitigate most preventable adverse events.

Results: The sample of the OESPO is large (415 adverse events studied), but it has the bias of a judicial source.

Implementation of evidence-based dentistry into practice: analysis of awareness, perceptions and attitudes of dentists in the World Dental Federation-European Regional Organization zone.

Based on evidence-based dentistry (EBD) being a relatively new concept in dentistry, the attitudes, perceptions and level of awareness of dentists regarding EBD, and perceived barriers to its implementation into daily practice, were comparatively analysed in six countries of the FDI (World Dental Federation-Federation Dentaire Internationale)-European Regional Organization (ERO) zone (France, Georgia, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia and Turkey). For this purpose, a questionnaire, 'The Relationship Between Dental Practitioners and Universities', was developed by the FDI-ERO Working Group and applied by National Dental Associations (NDAs). A total of 850 valid responses were received, and cumulative data, comparisons between countries and potential impact of demographic variables were analysed.

Nitrite and nitrate levels of gingival crevicular fluid and saliva in subjects with gingivitis and chronic periodontitis.

Objectives: Nitrosative stress plays an essential role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. The aim of this study is to analyze the gingival crevicular fluid and saliva nitrite and nitrate levels in periodontally healthy and diseased sites.

Material And Methods: A total of 60 individuals including, 20 chronic periodontitis and 20 gingivitis patients and 20 periodontally healthy controls participated in the present study.

Oral health workforce planning part 2: figures, determinants and trends in a sample of World Dental Federation member countries.

Background And Aim: A range of factors needs to be taken into account for an ideal oral health workforce plan. The figures related to dentists, specialists, auxiliaries, practice patterns, undergraduate and continuing dental education, laws/regulations, the attitudes of oral health-care providers and the general trends affecting the practice patterns, work conditions and preferences of oral health-care providers are among such determinants. Thus, the aim of the present study was to gather such information from a sample of World Dental Federation (FDI) member countries with different characteristics.

Oral health workforce planning. Part 1: Data available in a sample of FDI member countries.

Background & Aim: Workforce planning is a resource to measure and compare current versus future workforce. Organised dentistry needs to focus on the benefits and the determinants and various systems of workforce planning together with the challenges, new trends and threats. The aim of the study was to identify data sources from countries relating to a selection of oral health indicators in a sample of FDI member countries.

Analysis of the attitudes and needs/demands of dental practitioners in the field of patient safety and risk management.

Patient safety is a relatively new discipline aimed at improving the quality of care, minimising treatment errors and improving the safety of patients. Although health professions always have a specific concern for patient safety, few practitioners have a clear understanding of the broad context and not all health-care providers practice it. This might well be because of limited availability of information and materials as well as a lack of national or international laws and regulations.

Analysis of daytime variations in gingival crevicular fluid: a circadian periodicity?

Background: Volumetric alterations in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are widely accepted to be associated with periodontal health/disease. The volume/flow of GCF was shown to be affected by an array of methodological factors. However, relatively limited information is available on whether GCF is subject to circadian rhythm.

Analysis of the extent and efficiency of the partnership and collaboration between the dental faculties and National Dental Associations within the FDI-ERO zone: a dental faculties' perspective.

Background And Aim: As National Dental Associations and dental faculties can be considered as the two major institutions representing national organised dentistry, their further extended collaboration is crucial in responding to the many global oral health matters and issues. The main aim of the present study is to analyse the nature and extent of the partnership between the dental faculties and NDAs.

Methods: A questionnaire was developed focusing on the relationship between National Dental Associations and the dental faculties within the World Dental Federation-European Regional Organisation zone regarding their major professional activities such as dental education, workforce issues, improvement of national oral health, science and knowledge transfer.

Patient safety and dentistry: what do we need to know? Fundamentals of patient safety, the safety culture and implementation of patient safety measures in dental practice.

Although concern for patient safety is inherent to the practice of the health care professions, its transformation into a specific body of knowledge is relatively recent and thus patient safety may be considered as a comparatively 'new' discipline. Its main objectives are to avoid the occurrence of preventable adverse events (accidents, errors and complications) associated with health care and to limit the impact of inevitable adverse events. Despite these simple definitions, patient safety is multifaceted, quite complex in nature and includes many key elements.

Effect of inflammation on cytokine levels and bone remodelling markers in peri-implant sulcus fluid: a preliminary report.

Objectives: Since ingredients of peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) may be related to the bony structure surrounding dental implants, analyze of specific markers related to bone resorption in PISF seems to be suitable for long term monitoring of peri-implant health. It is suggested that analysis of PISF may serve for detection of inflammation. The aim of this study is to analyze PISF interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-10, osteoprotegerin (OPG), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) levels to determine whether the diagnostic value of PISF can be used to evaluate early changes around implants.

Comparative analysis of gingival wetness at natural teeth and dental implant sites.

Background: "Gingival Wetness (GW)," which is the thickness of residual saliva on gingiva, functions as a moisture retainer and a protective barrier for microbial colonization. Whether dental implant (DI) treatment affects GW scores and whether gingival inflammation has the capacity to alter GW remains unknown. Thus, this study was designed to evaluate the potential impact of DI treatment on GW.

Collaboration between dental faculties and National Dental Associations (NDAs) within the World Dental Federation-European Regional Organization zone: an NDAs perspective.

Although improvements in certain oral health measures have been achieved, many global oral health matters and challenges exist. Collaborations and partnerships among various institutions are crucial in solving such problems. The main aim of the present study was to analyse the nature and extent of the partnership between dental faculties and National Dental Associations (NDAs).

Analysis of cathepsin-K levels in biologic fluids from healthy or diseased natural teeth and dental implants.

Purpose: Cathepsin-K is an enzyme involved in bone metabolism. This feature may make it important both for natural teeth and dental implants. The aims of the present study were to comparatively analyze cathepsin-K levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) and to determine whether GCF and PISF cathepsin-K profiles reflect the clinical periodontal/peri-implant status.

Analysis of cathepsin-K activity at tooth and dental implant sites and the potential of this enzyme in reflecting alveolar bone loss.

Background: Cathepsin-K is an enzyme involved in bone metabolism which may make this feature important for both natural teeth and dental implants. The aims of the present study are to comparatively analyze the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF)/peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) cathepsin-K levels of natural teeth and dental implants, and to assess the potential relationship between this biochemical parameter and alveolar bone loss around natural teeth and dental implants.

Methods: Probing depth, bleeding on probing, gingival index, and plaque index clinical parameters were assessed, and GCF/PISF samples were obtained from natural teeth/dental implants presenting with either clinical health, gingivitis/peri-implant mucositis, or chronic periodontitis/peri-implantitis.

Unmet need for education by professionals and inconsistency in knowledge and behavior of dental patients.

In order to identify what knowledge dental patients have of oral health and to analyze the potential relationship between knowledge, behavior and oral health status, 250 randomly selected patients were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire. Responses were analyzed based on the age, gender and educational status of participants. It was determined that oral health-related behavior and knowledge were generally inadequate.

Suggested guidelines for basic dental education in Europe.

With the enlargement of the European Community, a great effort was done. In order to abolish the inequalities that exists in the provision of oral health education and Oral healthcare delivery between Eastern and Western Europe. On the other hand, each day more emphasis is placed on the basic competencies and abilities gained during basic dental education due to internal and external driving forces.

A 12-month evaluation of nitrite oxide metabolism around immediate and conventionally loaded dental implants.

Background: During bone remodeling, alignment of bone is affected by loading direction. Considerable amount of data also suggest nitric oxide (NO) to be involved in bone metabolism. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential changes in NO metabolism in relation to the loading style of dental implants by analyzing the nitrite content of peri-implant sulcus fluid.

Relationships between implant stability, image-based measures and nitric oxide levels.

For monitoring of dental implants, practitioners seem to use simultaneously a variety of image-based and laboratory measurements. This longitudinal study was conducted to analyse the possible relationships between nitric oxide (NO) content of peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF), marginal bone levels and implant stability in terms of resonance frequency analysis (RFA) at immediately (IL) and conventionally (CL) loaded mandibular molar dental implants from the same individuals. Dental implants were placed in 10 patients who had first molar loss bilaterally in the mandibular area.

Myeloperoxidase as a measure of polymorphonuclear leukocyte response in inflammatory status around immediately and delayed loaded dental implants: a randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: As well as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), peri-implant sulcus fluid (PISF) may have a potential diagnostic value for the early identification of metabolic and destructive processes.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the potential impact of inflammation and loading on PISF myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels, in comparison with GCF.

Materials And Methods: A total of 220 sites, dental implant (immediately [IL] or delayed loaded [DL]), and natural tooth, either healthy/noninflamed or gingivitis/inflamed, were classified.