Machine Learning Prediction for Postdischarge Falls in Older Adults: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

Objectives: The study aimed to develop a machine learning (ML) model to predict early postdischarge falls in older adults using data that are easy to collect in acute care hospitals. This may reduce the burden imposed by complex measures on patients and health care staff.

Design: This prospective multicenter study included patients admitted to and discharged from geriatric wards at 3 university hospitals and 1 national medical center in Japan between October 2019 and July 2023.

Clinical Outcomes and Risk Factors for Viabahn Stent Graft Occlusion in the Treatment of Visceral Arterial Injuries in Cancer Patients.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcomes of placing Viabahn stent grafts in visceral arterial injuries and identify the risk factors associated with stent graft occlusion.

Material And Method: This multicenter, retrospective study included 29 procedures performed on 26 patients who underwent Viabahn stent graft placement between December 2017 and November 2022. We evaluated technical and clinical success rates, periprocedural complications, and stent graft patency using contrast-enhanced computed tomography.

A case report of robot-assisted radical nephrectomy and inferior vena cava thrombectomy in a patient with renal cell carcinoma after pembrolizumab and axitinib combination therapy.

Background: Robot-assisted surgery is widely performed for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with inferior vena cava (IVC) tumor thrombi. Although many chemotherapeutic options are available for the treatment of unresectable RCC, there are very few reports on robot-assisted radical nephrectomy (RARN) with inferior vena cava thrombectomy (IVCT) after presurgical treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors. We believe that pre-surgical treatment can provide minimally invasive surgical benefits to high-risk patients during the perioperative period.

Cross-disorder and disease-specific pathways in dementia revealed by single-cell genomics.

The development of successful therapeutics for dementias requires an understanding of their shared and distinct molecular features in the human brain. We performed single-nuclear RNA-seq and ATAC-seq in Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), analyzing 41 participants and ∼1 million cells (RNA + ATAC) from three brain regions varying in vulnerability and pathological burden. We identify 32 shared, disease-associated cell types and 14 that are disease specific.

[Digital transformation for the prevention of delirium in older adults with dementia: Development of simulation intervention using virtual reality and augmented reality programs and its subjective effects].

Purpose: We aimed to develop a simulation program for physicians and nurses involved in virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) treatment and care from the perspective of these professionals and older adults with dementia who developed delirium, and to test the effectiveness of the program.

Methods: effectiveness of the program was analyzed through free-response statements from 67 nurses (84.8%) and 12 doctors (15.

Acrylamide exposure, sex hormones, and pubertal status in Japanese adolescents.

Acrylamide may affect sex hormone levels and the timing of sexual maturation. The present study cross-sectionally examined interrelationship between the urinary metabolite of acrylamide exposure, serum sex hormone levels, and pubertal status in 408 Japanese adolescents aged 13-14 years. Their caregivers completed a questionnaire concerning the health status of their children, including pubertal maturation, and the lifestyles of children and parents.

Appropriateness of Nursing Home to Emergency Department Transitional Care for Older Adults With Dementia: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: To systematically identify knowledge patterns and gaps in the appropriateness of nursing home (NH) to emergency department (ED) transitional care for older adults with dementia.

Method: A systematic search of multiple information sources was performed from July to August 2023 using predesigned search strategies.

Results: From 13 articles, 54 identified pieces of specific care evidence were grouped into six major care domains: (1) ; (2) ; (3) ; (4) ; (5) ; and (6) .

Exploring expressed emotion and its influencing factors among family caregivers of dementia people: a 3-month study in Japan.

Background: Family caregivers of dementia patients face significant challenges, including managing their own emotional responses. Understanding factors influencing expressed emotion (EE) is crucial for effective support interventions. The aim of this study was to explore and describe changes in EE among family caregivers of dementia and its associated factors at different time points over 3 months.

Concerns about vaccines and vaccination behavior among Japanese budget travelers to India.

Background: Low vaccination coverage among travelers poses a critical challenge to global health security. Indeed, public concerns regarding vaccines can lead to vaccine reluctance and refusal, but evidence about the impacts of concerns regarding vaccines on the uptake of travel vaccinations remains sparse. We examined the associations between concerns about vaccines and vaccination behavior among travelers.

Structure and dynamics of amphiphilic patchy cubes in a nanoslit under shear.

Patchy nanocubes are intriguing materials with simple shapes and space-filling and multidirectional bonding properties. Previous studies have revealed various mesoscopic structures such as colloidal crystals in the solid regime and rod-like or fractal-like aggregates in the liquid regime of the phase diagram. Recent studies have also shown that mesoscopic structural properties, such as an average cluster size M and orientational order, in amphiphilic nanocube suspensions are associated with macroscopic viscosity changes, mainly owing to differences in cluster shape among patch arrangements.

Molecular Autopsy With Banked Cord Blood Reveals Brugada Syndrome in Past Sudden Death Case.

Molecular autopsy has recently been gaining attention as a means of postmortem diagnosis; however, it is usually performed using the victim's blood sample at the time of death. Here, we report the first case of a deceased infant with Brugada syndrome whose diagnosis was made with banked cord blood. A seemingly healthy 1-year-old male infant collapsed while having a fever; this collapse was witnessed by his mother.

Experiences of patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy, adrenoleukodystrophy, or Krabbe disease and the experiences of their family members: a qualitative systematic review.

Objective: This review aimed to synthesize the experiences of patients with metachromatic leukodystrophy, adrenoleukodystrophy, or Krabbe disease and the experiences of their families.

Introduction: Leukodystrophies are metabolic diseases caused by genetic mutations. There are multiple forms of the disease, varying in age of onset and symptoms.

Impact of nurse-led interprofessional work in older patients with heart failure and multimorbidity: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: The number of patients with multimorbidity has increased due to the aging of the global population. Although the World Health Organization has indicated that multimorbidity will be a major medical problem in the future, the appropriate interventions for patients with multimorbidity are currently unknown. This study aimed to investigate whether nurse-led interprofessional work is associated with improved prognosis in heart failure patients with multimorbidity aged ≥65 years who were admitted in an acute care hospital.

Artifact reduction in photoacoustic images by generating virtual dense array sensor from hemispheric sparse array sensor using deep learning.

Purpose: Vascular distribution is important information for diagnosing diseases and supporting surgery. Photoacoustic imaging is a technology that can image blood vessels noninvasively and with high resolution. In photoacoustic imaging, a hemispherical array sensor is especially suitable for measuring blood vessels running in various directions.

[Sudden Chest Pain due to Early Bioprosthetic Valve Dysfunction:Report of a Case].

We report a case of bioprosthetic valve dysfunction and acute aortic valve regurgitation. The case was a 75-year-old female who had sudden onset chest pain. ST-segment depression in several leads on electrocardiogram( ECG) suggested acute coronary syndrome.

Validation of the Japanese version of the Social Functioning in Dementia scale and COVID-19 pandemic's impact on social function in mild cognitive impairment and mild dementia.

Objectives: We aimed to psychometrically evaluate and validate a Japanese version of the Social Functioning in Dementia scale (SF-DEM-J) and investigate changes in social function in people with dementia during the coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Design: We interviewed people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia and their caregivers during June 2020-March 2021 to validate patient- and caregiver-rated SF-DEM-J and compared their scores at baseline (April 2020 to May 2020) and at 6-8 months (January 2021 to March 2021) during a time of tighter COVID-19 restrictions.

Setting: The neuropsychology clinic in the Department of Psychiatry at Osaka University Hospital and outpatient clinic in the Department of Psychiatry and Neurology at Daini Osaka Police Hospital, Japan.

Exploring the impact of socially assistive robots on health and wellbeing across the lifespan: An umbrella review and meta-analysis.

Background: Socially assistive robots offer an alternate source of connection for interventions within health and social care amidst a landscape of technological advancement and reduced staff capacity. There is a need to summarise the available systematic reviews on the health and wellbeing impacts to evaluate effectiveness, explore potential moderators and mediators, and identify recommendations for future research and practice.

Objective: To explore the effect of socially assistive robots within health and social care on psychosocial, behavioural, and physiological health and wellbeing outcomes across the lifespan (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023423862).

Familial Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Associated With the Germline MSH6 Missense Variant and Progression of Pancreatic cancer.

Objectives: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) in individuals with at least one first-degree relative with IPMN is defined as familial IPMN. However, few studies have reported on familial IPMN, its clinical characteristics, or the associated genetic factors.

Materials And Methods: We report the case of a 58-year-old woman with multifocal IPMN and a mural nodule in the pancreatic body.

Cell States and Interactions of CD8 T Cells and Disease-Enriched Microglia in Human Brains with Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multi-stage neurodegenerative disorder characterized by beta-amyloid accumulation, hyperphosphorylated Tau deposits, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment. Recent studies implicate CD8 T cells as neuroimmune responders to the accumulation of AD pathology in the brain and potential contributors to toxic neuroinflammation. However, more evidence is needed to understand lymphocytes in disease, including their functional states, molecular mediators, and interacting cell types in diseased brain tissue.

Dietary melatonin and liver cancer incidence in Japan: From the Takayama study.

There is some biological plausibility that exogenous melatonin plays a role in preventing liver carcinogenesis. There has been little research on the association between melatonin intake in a normal diet and health outcomes. We evaluated the association between dietary melatonin intake and the incidence of liver cancer in a population-based prospective study in Japan.

Sleep quality assessment of adults in care settings using non-wearable sleep trackers: Scoping review.

Aims: This review aimed to explore and map the literature on sleep quality assessments of adults in care settings using non-wearable sleep trackers.

Background: Sleep-monitoring technology is advancing, and sleep quality assessments using non-wearable sleep trackers can provide objective evidence for quality care.

Design: This was a scoping review.

Expressed Emotion in Families of People With Dementia: A Review of Scale-Based Measures.

Purpose: Research on the concept of expressed emotion (EE) has expanded in recent years but its role in dementia still requires elucidation. Understanding the role of EE in the dementia context could help in the development of appropriate interventions.

Method: The current review synthesized relevant literature to investigate the prevalence and correlates of EE status in families of people with dementia.