Implications of peptidyl arginine deiminase and gingipain R in human health and diseases.

is a major pathogenic bacterium involved in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. Citrullination has been reported as the underlying mechanism of the pathogenesis, which relies on the interplay between two virulence factors of the bacterium, namely gingipain R and the bacterial peptidyl arginine deiminase. Gingipain R cleaves host proteins to expose the C-terminal arginines for peptidyl arginine deiminase to citrullinate and generate citrullinated proteins.

Inhibition of peptidyl arginine deiminase, a virulence factor, by antioxidant-rich : and evaluation.

, the cause of periodontitis, is also linked to many systemic disorders due to its citrullination capability from a unique peptidyl arginine deiminase (PPAD). Protein citrullination is able to trigger an autoimmune response, increasing the severity of rheumatoid arthritis. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the inhibitory activity of leaves extract towards the PPAD and .

as the Aetiological Cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis: What Are the Unsolved Puzzles?

Leukotoxin A (LtxA) is the major virulence factor of an oral bacterium known as (). LtxA is associated with elevated levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. LtxA targets leukocytes and triggers an influx of extracellular calcium into cytosol.

Antioxidant-rich Clove Extract, A Strong Antimicrobial Agent against Urinary Tract Infections-causing Bacteria .

Clove () is an exotic culinary spice that has been used for centuries due to its known antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. The main aim of this study is to compare the antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity of clove ethanolic extract (CEE) and commercial clove essential oil (CEO) at a standardised eugenol content. Disk diffusion assay showed that CEE (2000 μg) was able to exhibit broad-spectrum inhibition against both Gram negative and Gram positive Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)-causing pathogens: (19.

The Potential Benefits of Nanotechnology in Treating Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that is caused by the accumulation of beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. Currently, there is no definitive cure available to treat Alzheimer's disease. The available medication in the market has the ability to only slow down its progression.

Draft Genome Sequence of Lactarius deliciosus Strain CBS 582.63 from the CBS-KNAW Culture Collection.

A type strain of was obtained from the CBS-KNAW culture collection. The mycelium was cultured using potato dextrose agar, and the extracted genomic DNA was subjected to PacBio genome sequencing. Upon assembly and annotation, the genome size was estimated to be 54 Mbp, with 12,753 genes.

Genome Sequence of a Gram-Positive Diazotroph, Paenibacillus durus Type Strain ATCC 35681.

Here, we report the complete genome sequence of Paenibacillus durus type strain ATCC 35681, which can fix atmospheric nitrogen even in the presence of nitrate.