Automated ultrasonographic pupillary assessment: a new neuro-ophthalmological assessment tool.

Objective: To evaluate correlations between ultrasonographic pupillary assessment (UPA) and automated UPA in neurocritical patients.

Methods: This was a prospective, observational study of 20 adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit with neurological pathology. Between UPA and automated UPA, 40 pupillary measurements were made.

Toxic effects of maternal cadmium exposure on the metabolism and transport system of amino acids in the maternal livers.

Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is one of the most common obstetric diseases, and affects approximately 10 % of all pregnancies worldwide. Maternal cadmium (Cd) exposure is one of the factors that may increase the risk of the development of FGR. However, its underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown.