ChromTR: chromosome detection in raw metaphase cell images via deformable transformers.

Chromosome karyotyping is a critical way to diagnose various hematological malignancies and genetic diseases, of which chromosome detection in raw metaphase cell images is the most critical and challenging step. In this work, focusing on the joint optimization of chromosome localization and classification, we propose ChromTR to accurately detect and classify 24 classes of chromosomes in raw metaphase cell images. ChromTR incorporates semantic feature learning and class distribution learning into a unified DETR-based detection framework.

Quality evaluation of natural monomer flavors for Chinese tobacco industry based on dual mode combined Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and isotopic fine structures.

Rationale: Natural monomer flavors can modify the taste of cigarettes. However, no report was published to establish the quality control method for their chemical compositions.

Methods: In this study, licorice, a traditional natural monomer flavor used in tobacco aroma processing, was selected, and the fingerprint was developed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

U-Co Bimetallic-Organic Framework Showing a Helical 1D Pore Decorated by Abundant -CH Groups: Robust Nature under Acid, Base, and Water for High-Performance SO Removal.

Constructing robust adsorbents for SO removal remains a challenging issue. Herein, a U-Co bimetallic-organic framework, namely, ECUT-123, showing a helical 1D pore decorated by abundant -CH groups, enables ultrahigh stability under acid, base, and water. This merit further supports its big potential for the removal of trace SO.

Robust metal-organic framework with multiple traps for trace Xe/Kr separation.

Direct separation of Xe and Kr from air or used nuclear fuel (UNF) off-gas by means of porous adsorbents is of industrial importance but is a very challenging task. In this work, we show a robust metal-organic framework (MOF), namely ECUT-60, which renders not only high chemical stability, but also unique structure with multiple traps. This leads to the ultrahigh Xe adsorption capacity, exceeding most reported porous materials.

A near-infrared-II fluorescence anisotropy strategy for separation-free detection of adenosine triphosphate in complex media.

Fluorescence anisotropy (FA) has been widely applied for detecting and monitoring special targets in life sciences. However, matrix autofluorescence restricted its further application in complex biological samples. Herein, we report a near-infrared-II (NIR-II) FA strategy for detecting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in human serum samples and breast cancer cell lysate, which employed NIR-II fluorescent AgSe quantum dots (QDs) as tags to reduce matrix autofluorescence effect and applied graphene oxide (GO) to enhance fluorescence anisotropy signals.

Grafting functional groups in metal-organic frameworks for U(VI) sorption from aqueous solutions.

Nuclear power is becoming one of the major clean energies for its high efficiency and low load on the environment. Uranium is a key strategic resource for nuclear power. Uranium reclamation from aqueous systems is of great significance, not only in the usage of nuclear power but also for the remediation of nuclear leakage pollution.

Boosting Selective Adsorption of Xe over Kr by Double-Accessible Open-Metal Site in Metal-Organic Framework: Experimental and Theoretical Research.

Obtaining highly valuable Xe from air or other sources is highly important but still seriously restricted by its inherent inert nature and the great difficulty in separation from other inert gases, especially for Xe and Kr that show comparable size. In this work, we show both experimental and theoretical research of how to boost the selective adsorption of Xe over Kr by double-accessible open-metal site in metal-organic framework (MOF). The MOF, namely, UTSA-74, shows a high Xe uptake up to 2.

A robust Th-azole framework for highly efficient purification of CH from a CH/CH/CH mixture.

Separation of CH from CH/CH/CH mixture with high working capacity is still a challenging task. Herein, we deliberately design a Th-metal-organic framework (MOF) for highly efficient separation of CH from a binary CH/CH and ternary CH/CH/CH mixture. The synthesized MOF Azole-Th-1 shows a UiO-66-type structure with fcu topology built on a Th secondary building unit and a tetrazole-based linker.

Identification of a t(X;17)(q28;q21) generating a KANSL1-MTCP1 gene fusion leading to dysregulated expression of MTCP1 in acute myeloid leukemia.

Chromosomal translocations and generating fusion genes are closely associated with disease initiation and progression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we identified a novel t(X;17)(q28;q21) chromosomal rearrangement in a patient with acute monocytic leukemia. Using RNA-sequencing, we identified a KANSL1-MTCP1 and a KANSL1-CMC4 fusion gene.

Measuring propionyl-CoA carboxylase activity in phytohemagglutinin stimulated lymphocytes using high performance liquid chromatography.

Background: Propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC) is a mitochondrial enzyme involved in the catabolism of several essential amino acids and odd chain fatty acids. Previous PCC assays have involved either a radiometric assay or have required mitochondria isolation and/or enzyme purification.

Methods: We developed an enzymatic method to analyze PCC activity in phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulated lymphocytes that involves high performance liquid chromatography.

Mutation Profile of the MUT Gene in Chinese Methylmalonic Aciduria Patients.

The mut-type methylmalonic aciduria (MMA, MIM 251000) is caused by a deficiency of mitochondrial methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (MCM, E.C. 5.