Improved YOLO v5s-based detection method for external defects in potato.

Currently, potato defect sorting primarily relies on manual labor, which is not only inefficient but also prone to bias. Although automated sorting systems offer a potential solution by integrating potato detection models, real-time performance remains challenging due to the need to balance high accuracy and speed under limited resources. This study presents an enhanced version of the YOLO v5s model, named YOLO v5s-ours, specifically designed for real-time detection of potato defects.

[The influence of different preset drill radius and tooth position on the compensation gap of zirconium dioxide restoration].

Purpose: To explore the influence of different preset drill radius on the drill compensation space of zirconia dioxide restoration and the characteristics of tooth position and anatomical parts of the drill compensation space.

Methods: The digital design data of 12 cases of incisor, premolar and molar were randomly selected, and the radius of the needle was preset to 0.3, 0.

Public health perspectives on green efficiency through smart cities, artificial intelligence for healthcare and low carbon building materials.

Introduction: Smart cities, artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare, and low-carbon building materials are pivotal to public health, environmental sustainability, and green efficiency. Despite their critical importance, understanding public perceptions and attitudes toward these domains remains underexplored. Additionally, the effective use of advanced technologies like convolutional neural networks (CNN) in predicting and promoting low-carbon solutions in construction is gaining attention.

Influence of COVID-19 public health restrictions on community-acquired pneumonia pathogens in children in Henan, China: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: To investigate the distribution of pathogens and epidemiological changes in children hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) during and after the COVID-19 pandemic public health restrictive measures. aiming to provide a foundation for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and policy formulation.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective study spanned January 2019 to December 2023.

Late-stage-functionalization of anti-depressant molecule buspirone.

Buspirone, a well-established anxiolytic agent, has gained attention for its potential role as an antidepressant, primarily due to its unique pharmacological profile and the ability to modulate serotonin receptors effectively. Late-stage functionalization is considered as a pivotal strategy in drug synthesis that enhances the therapeutic efficacy of existing molecules. This review summarizes various late-stage functionalization techniques applicable to Buspirone, including photocatalyzed, metal-catalyzed, and enzyme-catalyzed reactions.

Enantioselective 1,4-Borylamination via Copper-Catalyzed Cascade Hydroborylation and Hydroamination of Arylidenecyclopropanes.

Compounds bearing both boryl and amino groups at distal positions are invaluable synthons for synthesizing pharmaceuticals, drug candidates, and natural products, but their catalytic enantioselective synthesis remains rarely explored. We report the first enantioselective 1,4-borylamination reaction through a copper-catalyzed cascade hydroborylation and hydroamination of arylidenecyclopropanes. This reaction combines four readily available components in a highly chemo-, site-, and enantioselective fashion (>20:1 r.

Application of digital impression and model in removable partial dentures for Kennedy classⅠandⅡdentition defects.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the application of digital impression and resin model technology in removable partial dentures (RPD) for Kennedy classⅠandⅡdentition defects.

Methods: Patients with Kennedy classⅠorⅡdental defect were selected and grouped in accordance with the following denture production processes: digital impression/resin model/cast cobalt-chromium alloy framework group (group A), digital impression/resin model/laser printed titanium framework group (group B), alginate impression/plaster model/cast cobalt-chromium alloy framework group (group C), and alginate impression/plaster model/laser printed titanium framework group (group D), with 40 cases in each group. The final RPD was examined in place in the mouth, and the evaluation indicators included the retention force of clamp ring, the tightness of connector and base, and the accuracy of occlusion.

Online inspection of blackheart in potatoes using visible-near infrared spectroscopy and interpretable spectrogram-based modified ResNet modeling.

Introduction: Blackheart is one of the most common physiological diseases in potatoes during storage. In the initial stage, black spots only occur in tissues near the potato core and cannot be detected from an outward appearance. If not identified and removed in time, the disease will seriously undermine the quality and sale of theentire batch of potatoes.

CO Photoreduction over Semiconducting 2D Materials with Supported Single Atoms: Recent Progress and Challenges.

In the face of the growing energy crisis and environmental challenges, substantial efforts are now directed toward sustainable clean energy as a replacement for traditional fossil fuels. CO photoreduction into value-added chemicals and fuels is widely recognized as a promising approach to mitigate current energy and environmental concerns. Photocatalysts comprising single atoms (SAs) supported on two-dimensional (2D) semiconducting materials (SAs-2DSemi) have emerged as a novel frontier due to the combined merits of SA catalysts and 2D materials.

Transformer-Based Deep Learning Network for Tooth Segmentation on Panoramic Radiographs.

Panoramic radiographs can assist dentist to quickly evaluate patients' overall oral health status. The accurate detection and localization of tooth tissue on panoramic radiographs is the first step to identify pathology, and also plays a key role in an automatic diagnosis system. However, the evaluation of panoramic radiographs depends on the clinical experience and knowledge of dentist, while the interpretation of panoramic radiographs might lead misdiagnosis.

Switchable Tuning CO Hydrogenation Selectivity by Encapsulation of the Rh Nanoparticles While Exposing Single Atoms.

The switch of CO hydrogenation selectivity from CH to CO over TiO supported Rh catalysts is accomplished via selective encapsulation of Rh nanoparticles while exposing Rh single atoms by high-temperature reduction (HTR) according to their different strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) occurrence conditions, which can be reversed by subsequent oxidation treatment.

The effect of insulin and kruppel like factor 10 on osteoblasts in the dental implant osseointegration in diabetes mellitus patients.

Diabetes mellitus, metabolic disease, is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Patients with diabetes mellitus are susceptible to infection and therefore have a higher prevalence and progression rate of periodontal disease. We aimed to study the effect of insulin and kruppel like factor 10 (KLF10) on osteoblasts proliferation and differentiation, and expression of bone metabolism-related molecules and related signaling pathway molecules of AKT serine/threonine kinase 1 (AKT) and nuclear factor kappa B subunit 1 (NF-κB) through in vitro experiments, which can provide theoretical basis for the dental implant osseointegration in diabetic patients.

Photo-thermo semi-hydrogenation of acetylene on Pd/TiO single-atom catalyst.

Semi-hydrogenation of acetylene in excess ethylene is a key industrial process for ethylene purification. Supported Pd catalysts have attracted most attention due to their superior intrinsic activity but often suffer from low selectivity. Pd single-atom catalysts (SACs) are promising to significantly improve the selectivity, but the activity needs to be improved and the feasible preparation of Pd SACs remains a grand challenge.

Association of Preadmission Metformin Use and Prognosis in Patients With Sepsis and Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background And Aim: A growing body of evidence suggests that preadmission metformin use could decrease the mortality of septic patients with diabetes mellitus (DM); however, the findings remain controversial. Therefore, this meta-analysis was conducted on available studies to confirm the relationship between preadmission metformin use and mortality in patients with sepsis and DM.

Methods: A comprehensive search of the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed for studies published before August 8, 2021.

Single-Atom Catalysts Based on the Metal-Oxide Interaction.

Metal atoms dispersed on the oxide supports constitute a large category of single-atom catalysts. In this review, oxide supported single-atom catalysts are discussed about their synthetic procedures, characterizations, and reaction mechanism in thermocatalysis, such as water-gas shift reaction, selective oxidation/hydrogenation, and coupling reactions. Some typical oxide materials, including ferric oxide, cerium oxide, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, and so on, are intentionally mentioned for the unique roles as supports in anchoring metal atoms and taking part in the catalytic reactions.

CHD7 and Runx1 interaction provides a braking mechanism for hematopoietic differentiation.

Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) formation and lineage differentiation involve gene expression programs orchestrated by transcription factors and epigenetic regulators. Genetic disruption of the chromatin remodeler chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 7 (CHD7) expanded phenotypic HSPCs, erythroid, and myeloid lineages in zebrafish and mouse embryos. CHD7 acts to suppress hematopoietic differentiation.

Strong Metal-Support Interactions between Pt Single Atoms and TiO.

Strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) has gained great attention in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. However, whether single-atom catalysts can exhibit SMSI remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that SMSI can occur on TiO -supported Pt single atoms but at a much higher reduction temperature than that for Pt nanoparticles (NPs).

A speech bulb prosthesis for a soft palate defect with a polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) framework fabricated by multiple digital techniques: A clinical report.

This clinical report described a digital workflow for the design, manufacture, and clinical delivery of a polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) removable dental prosthesis with a speech bulb. The process combined intraoral scanning, digital milling for the PEKK framework, and 3D printing for the definitive cast.

Cloning of and Gene from and Expression of a Fluorescent Phycocyanin in Heterologous Host.

In order to study the assembly mechanism of phycocyanin in red algae, the apo-phycocyanin genes (pcB and pcA) were cloned from Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis. The full length of phycocyanin β-subunit (pcB) contained 519 nucleotides encoding a protein of 172 amino acids, and the full length of phycocyanin α-subunit(pcA) contained 489 nucleotides encoding a protein of 162 amino acids. Expression vector pACYCDuet-pcB-pcA was constructed and transformed into E.

Cloning of nitrite reductase gene from Haematococcus pluvialis and transcription and enzymatic activity analysis at different nitrate and phosphorus concentration.

Haematococcus pluvialis is an economic microalga to produce astaxathin. To study the nitrogen metabolic process of H. pluvialis, the transcription level and enzyme content of nitrite reductase at different nitrate and phosphorus concentrations were studied.

[Pathogens in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of children with lower respiratory tract infection].

Objective: To study the features of pathogens in children with lower respiratory tract infection.

Methods: A total of 108 children who were hospitalized due to lower respiratory tract infection and underwent fiber bronchoscopy between January 2017 and June 2018 were enrolled. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples were collected.

Oxidative strong metal-support interactions (OMSI) of supported platinum-group metal catalysts.

Supported platinum-group metal (PGM) catalysts are widely used in many important industrial processes. Metal-support interaction is of great importance in tailoring their catalytic performance. Here, we report the first example of oxidative strong metal-support interactions (OMSIs) between PGM and hydroxyapatite (HAP) which can be extended to PGM and ZnO.

Core binding factors are necessary for natural killer cell development and cooperate with Notch signaling during T-cell specification.

CBFbeta is the non-DNA binding subunit of the core binding factors (CBFs). Mice with reduced CBFbeta levels display profound, early defects in T-cell but not B-cell development. Here we show that CBFbeta is also required at very early stages of natural killer (NK)-cell development.