Construction of feature selection and efficacy prediction model for transformation therapy of locally advanced pancreatic cancer based on CT, F-FDG PET/CT, DNA mutation, and CA199.

Background: Immunotherapy and radiotherapy play crucial roles in the transformation therapy of locally advanced pancreatic cancer; however, the exploration of effective predictive biomarkers has been unsatisfactory. With the rapid development of radiomics, next-generation sequencing, and machine learning, there is hope to identify biomarkers that can predict the efficacy of transformative treatment for locally advanced pancreatic cancer through simple and non-invasive clinical methods. Our study focuses on using computed tomography (CT), positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT), gene mutations, and baseline carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199) to identify biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of transformative treatment.

Identifying Genes Associated With Proliferation, Immunity and Thrombosis in Paroxysmal Nocturnal Haemoglobinuria.

PIGA mutation cannot fully explain the proliferative advantage of abnormal clones and thrombosis tendency in paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), and additional genes may play a role, justifying further investigation. CD59+ and CD59- peripheral blood mononuclear cells from six PNH patients were sorted and subjected to whole-exon sequencing (WES) and whole-transcriptome sequencing respectively. Six age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers were enrolled as controls.

Effect of school entrance age on myopia among primary schoolchildren using mixed-effect model: The Shantou Myopia Study (SMS).

Purpose: To investigate the association between children's school entrance age and refractive status and prevalence of myopia in southern China.

Methods: Population-based Cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to June 2021 in Shantou, southern China, enrolling primary schoolchildren in the city. The school entrance age was calculated as the months from the birth date to the entrance date, divided by 12.

Topical Therapies for Management of Olfactory Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Steroid-Eluting Stents.

Objectives: Steroid-eluting stent implantation after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) effectively alleviates postoperative symptoms and polyp recurrence in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, the efficacy of steroid-eluting stents for the treatment of olfactory dysfunction in CRSwNP and the influencing factors therein have not been studied.

Methods: Fifty-nine patients with CRSwNP with olfactory dysfunction from Peking University Third Hospital who were hospitalized for ESS were recruited and randomly divided into a stent group (n = 30) and a control group (n = 29), and were assessed for symptom scores, olfactory function, endoscopic findings, and type 2 inflammatory mediators (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-33, eotaxin-3, periostin) expression.

Resolving social dilemmas with minimal reward transfer.

Social dilemmas present a significant challenge in multi-agent cooperation because individuals are incentivised to behave in ways that undermine socially optimal outcomes. Consequently, self-interested agents often avoid collective behaviour. In response, we formalise social dilemmas and introduce a novel metric, the , to quantify the disparity between individual and group rationality in such scenarios.

A Review of Safe Reinforcement Learning: Methods, Theories, and Applications.

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has achieved tremendous success in many complex decision-making tasks. However, safety concerns are raised during deploying RL in real-world applications, leading to a growing demand for safe RL algorithms, such as in autonomous driving and robotics scenarios. While safe control has a long history, the study of safe RL algorithms is still in the early stages.

Comparison of Predictability in Vault Using NK Formula and KS Formula for the Implantable Collamer Lens Surgery.

Background: This study aims to investigate the agreement between the NK and KS formulas in predicting the vault after implantation of an EVO-implantable collamer lens (ICL).

Methods: This retrospective study included 106 eyes of 57 patients who underwent ICL-V4c implantation. Preoperative vault prediction was conducted by utilizing the NK and KS formulas, with postoperative measurements by anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) at one month.

Correlation of Eosinophils and Type 2 Inflammatory Mediators with Osteitis in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Objective: Osteitis is more prevalent in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), making the disease refractory and prone to recurrence. However, the pathophysiologic mechanism of osteitis formation in CRS has not been fully elucidated, and this study aimed to further elucidate the association of eosinophils and type 2 inflammatory mediators with osteitis in patients with CRSwNP.

Methods: This retrospective study collected clinical data on 125 cases of CRSwNP.

Preliminary Study on the Pathogenic Mechanism of Jujube Flower Disease in Honeybees () Based on Midgut Transcriptomics.

Honeybees are prone to poisoning, also known as jujube flower disease, after collecting nectar from jujube flowers, resulting in the tumultuous demise of foragers. The prevalence of jujube flower disease has become one of the main factors affecting the development of the jujube and beekeeping industries in Northern China. However, the pathogenic mechanisms underlying jujube flower disease in honeybees are poorly understood.

Neurological manifestations and risk factors associated with poor prognosis in hospitalized children with Omicron variant infection.

There are increasing reports of neurological manifestation in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the frequency and clinical outcomes of in hospitalized children infected with the Omicron variant are unknown. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, neurological manifestations, and risk factor associated with poor prognosis of hospitalized children suffering from COVID-19 due to the Omicron variant.

Selective biosynthesis of a rhamnosyl nosiheptide by a novel bacterial rhamnosyltransferase.

Nosiheptide (NOS) is a thiopeptide antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces actuosus. The hydroxyl group of 3-hydroxypyridine in NOS has been identified as a promising site for modification, which we therefore aimed to rhamnosylate. After screening, Streptomyces sp.

Isolation and Culture of Human Meibomian Gland Ductal Cells.

Purpose: Hyperkeratinization of meibomian gland (MG) ducts is currently recognized as the primary pathologic mechanism of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). This research figured out a method to isolate the MG ducts and established a novel system to culture the human meibomian gland ductal cells (HMGDCs) for investigating the process of MGD.

Methods: The MG ducts were obtained from the eyelids of recently deceased donors and subjected to enzymatic digestion.

Amniotic membrane transplantation combined with conjunctival flap covering surgery for the treatment of corneal perforations in fungal keratitis.

Purpose: To investigate the efficiency of amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) combined with conjunctival flap covering surgery (CFCS) for patients with corneal perforations in fungal keratitis (FK).

Methods: In this non-comparative, retrospective case series, 16 participants of corneal perforation in FK were successfully treated by a combination of multilayer AMT and bipedicle conjunctival flap with partial tenon's capsule. Corneal healing, recurrence of FK, visual acuity, and relevant complications were reported as outcome measures.

A human-centered safe robot reinforcement learning framework with interactive behaviors.

Deployment of Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms for robotics applications in the real world requires ensuring the safety of the robot and its environment. Safe Robot RL (SRRL) is a crucial step toward achieving human-robot coexistence. In this paper, we envision a human-centered SRRL framework consisting of three stages: safe exploration, safety value alignment, and safe collaboration.

Novel phenoxy-((phenylethynyl) selanyl) propan-2-ol derivatives as potential anticancer agents.

Selenocompounds protect against damage to healthy cells and induce the death of tumor cells by apoptosis; for this reason, they are attractive compounds for cancer research. In the present study, two series of novel phenoxy-((phenylethynyl) selanyl) propan-2-ol derivatives were synthesized, and their anti-proliferation activities were evaluated. Of the 23 compounds synthesized, most showed potent anti-proliferative activity against human cancer cell lines.

Insights into orbital morphological features and fracture patterns in medial and inferior wall fracture: a retrospective cohort study.

This study investigated the orbital morphological features that lead to fractures at different sites by comparing patients with isolated inferior wall fracture (IWF) to patients with isolated medial wall fracture (MWF). This study analyzed the orbital morphologic characteristics of all orbital fracture patients who underwent orbital computed tomography (CT) scans between January 2017 and October 2022. On CT scans, the bony structures of the orbit were measured.

[A multi-center observation of the therapeutic efficacy of Bencycloquidium bromide in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis with predominant symptoms of rhinorrhea].

To observe the efficacy and safety of the M receptor antagonist Bencycloquidium bromide nasal spray in treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis with runny nose as the main symptom. From August 2021 to September 2021, 134 patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis were enrolled in the otolaryngology Outpatient Department of Peking University Third Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and China-Japanese Friendship Hospital of Jilin University, including 71 males and 63 females, with a median age of 38 years. TNSS score and visual analogue scale（VAS） of total nasal symptoms were observed during 2 weeks of treatment with Bencycloquidium bromide nasal spray.

Persistence of severe global inequalities in the burden of blindness and vision loss from 1990 to 2019: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Aims: To assess the global burden and economic inequalities in the distribution of blindness and vision loss between 1990 and 2019.

Methods: A secondary analysis of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019. Data for disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to blindness and vision loss were extracted from the GBD 2019.

The Effects of Acid and Water in the Formation of Anodic Alumina: DFT and Experiment Study.

The DFT method is employed to study the adsorption and reaction behaviors of HCO, HPO, HSO and HO on neutral and anodic aluminum slabs. With the exception of adsorption, the three acid radicals can successively take the two H atoms from the adsorbed HO on the anodic aluminum slabs, which is the key step of the formation of anodic alumina. The dehydrogenation reaction is dominated by the Coulombic interaction of O and H, respectively belonging to acid radicals and the adsorbed HO or OH, rather than by the interaction of electronic orbits located on the two kinds of atoms.

Ductal Hyperkeratinization and Acinar Renewal Abnormality: New Concepts on Pathogenesis of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a functional and morphological disorder of the meibomian glands which results in qualitative or quantitative alteration in meibum secretion and is the major cause of evaporative dry eye (EDE). EDE is often characterized by tear film instability, increased evaporation, hyperosmolarity, inflammation, and ocular surface disorder. The precise pathogenesis of MGD remains elusive.