Key Clinical Message: This case highlights the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in prognosis of fulminant multiple sclerosis, and its similar management with autoimmune encephalitis in some clinical settings, in which these diseases are indistinguishable. This case also supports the use of rituximab in these patients with an adequate response to plasmapheresis.
Abstract: Early diagnosis and treatment of fulminant multiple sclerosis (MS), also known as Marburg' or malignant variant of MS (MVMS), is of great value in reducing morbidity and mortality.