Analysis of Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1) Gene Variations (re11568821 and rs41386349) in HTLV-1 Infection Using One Primer Pair and Proviral Load.

About 90% of people infected with Human T lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1) virus are asymptomatic, so it can be said that the prevalence of this virus is not completely clear. During chronic infection, the expression of programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) protein increases and causes exhausted phenotype in T cells. Considering the role of host genetics and immune responses in HTLV-1 infection, in this case-control study, included 81 asymptomatic carriers (ACs) and 162 healthy controls (HCs), rs11568821 and rs41386349 polymorphisms of PD-1 gene were evaluated by Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method which investigated by one primer pair for both polymorphisms also, proviral load (PVL) measured by quantitative real-time PCR (Q-RT-PCR).

Association of the rs4143815 polymorphism of PDL1 gene with HTLV-1 infection and proviral load in asymptomatic blood donors in northeast Iran.

It is obvious that genetic differences, including mutations and polymorphisms, can play an important role in viral infections. In this case-control study, which included 81 human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) asymptomatic carriers (AC) and 162 healthy controls (HC), the rs4143815 polymorphism of PDL1 gene was investigated. This polymorphism is the site of miR-570 binding and it can influence immune system responses.

The association of polymorphisms (rs2227981 and rs10204525) of PDCD1 gene with susceptibility to human T-cell leukemia virus type 1.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is the first retrovirus as the causative agent of two serious diseases in human is known. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) is a regulatory protein that has an important role in immune system response and created exhaustion phenotype in T cells at chronic infections; therefore, it can impair anti-viral responses. Since the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in PD-1gene may influence infection with HTLV-1virus, so in this research, association between SNPs in exon 5 of PD-1 gene with susceptibility to HTLV-1 infection and proviral load (PVL) in Iran's population studied.