The importance of thrombotic risk factors in the development of idiopathic sudden hearing loss.

Impaired cochlear blood circulation has been suggested to cause sudden hearing loss. In this study, the role of factor V 1691 G-A (FV 1691 G-A), prothrombin 20210 G-A (PT 20210 G-A), methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase 677 C-T (MTHFR 677 C-T), factor V 4070 A-G (FV 4070 A-G), endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) gene 23-bp insertion, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) 4G/5G mutation was assessed. Fifty-three patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss and 80 individuals comprising the control group were included in this study.

Saccular cyst in an infant: an unusual cause of life-threatening stridor and its surgical treatment.

Saccular cysts in infants are rare lesions of the larynx and may result in respiratory obstruction and severe dyspnea. Herein we present a case of saccular cyst in a three-month-old infant. She was presented with severe stridor and respiratory distress.

Recurrent Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis in a child with traumatic anterior cranial base defect.

Acute bacterial meningitis is a potentially life-threatening infection of the cranial and spinal leptomeninges. Recurrent episodes of meningitis are rarely seen, but when they occur, an extensive investigation has to be made to find out responsible factors. A single episode of acute meningitis may result from bacteriemia, but when followed by recurrent meningitis in pediatric patients, other possible routes of the bacteria invasion to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be considered.

[The effectiveness of fiberoptic endoscopic swallow study and modified barium swallow study techniques in diagnosis of dysphagia].

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) and the modified barium swallow test (MBST) in patients with dysphagia.

Patients And Methods: Eighty patients with dysphagia were evaluated in three groups consisting of 27 patients with oral, pharyngeal, or esophageal masses; 26 patients with neurogenic dysphagia; and 27 patients with no distinct pathology. All the patients underwent FEES and MBST to examine elevation of the soft palate, nasal regurgitation, pharyngeal residue, penetration, aspiration, and pooling of secretions in the pyriform sinus and vallecula.

[The value of laryngeal electromyography in the prognosis of vocal cord paralysis].

Objectives: We investigated the value of laryngeal electromyography (EMG) in monitoring patients with vocal cord paralysis.

Patients And Methods: Cricothyroid and thyroarytenoid muscles of 40 patients (10 females, 30 males; mean age 32 years; range 18 to 61 years) with vocal cord paralysis were monitored with laryngeal electromyography. The patients were divided into two groups according to time to presentation after symptom onset, i.

Radiofrequency for the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis.

Objectives: We assessed the efficacy of submucosal application of radiofrequency to the inferior turbinate for the treatment of vasomotor rhinitis.

Patients And Methods: Twenty patients with vasomotor rhinitis (9 males, 11 females; mean age 29.2 years; range 20 to 40 years) were treated with radiofrequency applied to the inferior turbinate.

[Results of voice therapy in functional voice disorders].

Objectives: To determine the efficacy of voice therapy techniques in 37 patients with functional dysphonia.

Patients And Methods: The patients were divided into three groups according to the type of functional voice disorder, including mutational falsetto (n=16), vocal nodule (n=17), and muscle-tension dysphonia (n=4). All the patients received voice therapy which varied according to the frequency of visits, time, and techniques for the type of functional voice disorder.

Transcanal anterior approach for cystic lesions of the petrous apex.

Objective: To investigate the utility of a newly described approach, the transcanal anterior approach that is a modification of the subcochlear approach for the drainage of cystic lesions of the petrous apex.

Study Design: Prospective temporal bone study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Voice changes after androgen therapy for hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism.

Objectives/hypothesis: Males with isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (IHH) fail to undergo normal sexual development, including the lack of masculinization of the larynx. The objective of this study was to measure the mean vocal fundamental frequency (MF0) in IHH patients and determine the impact of androgen treatment. An additional aim was to compare the MF0 between IHH patients and controls.

Evaluation of cochlear function in patients with normal hearing and tinnitus: a distortion product otoacoustic emission study.

Objectives: We investigated cochlear function in normal-hearing patients with tinnitus using distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE).

Patients And Methods: The study included 20 normal-hearing patients with tinnitus (13 males, 7 females; mean age 25 years; range 17 to 52 years) and 15 controls (10 males, 5 females; mean age 23 years; range 18 to 27 years) with normal hearing. Both groups underwent routine audiological tests including audiometry and tympanometry.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome with heterotopic salivary gland tissue and absence of internal carotid artery.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome (THS), heterotopic salivary gland and hypoplasia of internal carotid artery (ICA) are all rare entities. We have reported a case of all these three conditions included in a patient. We have postulated that the heterotopic salivary gland tissue might have caused the hypoplasia of ICA and also triggered the THS.

Impact of tumor size on hearing outcome and facial function with the middle fossa approach for acoustic neuroma: a meta-analytic study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to review the English language literature concerning the effect of tumor size on hearing outcome and facial function after the middle fossa approach for acoustic neuroma in a large patient population.

Material And Methods: The literature search identified a total of 11 studies reporting hearing outcome and facial function for a given tumor size. There were 1073 and 797 cases available for the analysis of hearing outcome and facial function, respectively.

Effects of tonsillectomy on speech spectrum.

Changes in the speech spectrum of vowels and consonants before and after tonsillectomy were investigated to find out the impact of the operation on speech quality. Speech recordings obtained from patients were analyzed using the Kay Elemetrics, Multi-Dimensional Voice Processing (MDVP Advanced) software. Examination of the time-course changes after the operation revealed that certain speech parameters changed.

[The prognostic significance of DNA ploidy in laryngeal cancers].

Objectives: We assessed the relationship between DNA ploidy and histopathologic parameters and its effect on prognosis in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx.

Patients And Methods: Surgical sections of 44 patients who were treated for squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx were studied. Image cytometry measurements were performed on nuclear suspensions derived from paraffin-embedded sections to determine DNA ploidy patterns.

Evolving acoustic characteristics of the canal wall down cavities due to neo-osteogenesis by periosteal flap.

Objective: To determine whether the acoustic properties of the canal wall down cavity would come closer to those of the normal ear canal as the cavity is lined with periosteal flap.

Study Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

The role of zinc in management of tinnitus.

Objective: Several therapeutic modalities have been tried in patients with tinnitus. These trials have given rise to unsatisfactory results in most of the patients since the etiology and pathophysiology of tinnitus is unclear. Significant correlation between tinnitus and decreased zinc level and also reduction in severity of tinnitus after zinc therapy has been reported in some clinical studies.

Frequency specificity of cochlear damage in acute electrical injury: a longitudinal distortion product otoacoustic emission study.

Hypothesis: To understand cochlear dysfunction and the recovery pattern of the cochlea after acute electrical injury.

Background: The cochlea is believed to be more vulnerable to direct current than to alternating current. However, the damage-and frequency-specific recovery characteristics of the cochlea have not been well described.

Electrophoretic evaluation of nasal discharge in patients with allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis.

Background: Allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis are two common diseases that have similar symptoms and physical findings. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of electrophoretic analysis of nasal discharge for the differential diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis.

Methods: Two different groups of patients with allergic rhinitis (n = 18) and with vasomotor rhinitis (n = 18) diagnosed by current methods and 10 healthy subjects as a control group were included in this study.

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta levels in recurrent and persistent otitis media with effusion.

Objective: Based on interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha levels in effusions, our goals were to specify either recurrent or persistent otitis media with effusion (OME) is a mid stage in the development of chronic disease and to identify the factors that have an influence on cytokine levels.

Study Design: Samples from groups with recurrent (n = 15) and persistent (n = 39) OME were assayed for IL-1beta and TNF-alpha. Children were also grouped with respect to age, sex, quality of effusion, and the presence of pharyngeal adenoid tissue.