Formic acid induces hypertension-related hemorrhage in hSSAO in mice and human.

Hypertension is a confirmed risk factor for cerebral hemorrhage in humans. Which endogenous factor directly induces hypertension-related hemorrhage is unclear. In this study, 42 hemorrhagic patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia and 42 age-matched healthy controls were enrolled.

Accumulation of formaldehyde causes motor deficits in an in vivo model of hindlimb unloading.

During duration spaceflight, or after their return to earth, astronauts have often suffered from gait instability and cerebellar ataxia. Here, we use a mouse model of hindlimb unloading (HU) to explore a mechanism of how reduced hindlimb burden may contribute to motor deficits. The results showed that these mice which have experienced HU for 2 weeks exhibit a rapid accumulation of formaldehyde in the gastrocnemius muscle and fastigial nucleus of cerebellum.

Single Point Mutation from E22-to-K in A Initiates Early-Onset Alzheimer's Disease by Binding with Catalase.

Amyloid-beta (A) is a critical etiological factor for late-onset familial Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, an early-onset AD has been found to be related with an A mutation in glutamic acid 22-to-lysine (Italian type E22K). Why only one single point mutation at E22 residue induces AD remains unclear.

A rapid and non-invasive fluorescence method for quantifying coenzyme Q10 in blood and urine in clinical analysis.

Background: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplementation can improve cognition in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD transgenic model mice. To ameliorate the discomfort that patients with AD suffer after several blood extractions, a non-invasive method for detecting urine CoQ10 levels needs to be established.

Methods: Here, we developed a new technique of fluorescence spectrophotometry with ethyl cyanoacetate (FS-ECA), on the basis of the principle that the chemical derivative obtained from the interaction between CoQ10 and ECA was detected by a fluorescence detector at λ  = 450/515 nm.

Erratum: Publisher Correction: Endogenous formaldehyde is a memory-related molecule in mice and humans.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/s42003-019-0694-x.].

Endogenous formaldehyde is a memory-related molecule in mice and humans.

Gaseous formaldehyde is an organic small molecule formed in the early stages of earth's evolution. Although toxic in high concentrations, formaldehyde plays an important role in cellular metabolism and, unexpectedly, is found even in the healthy brain. However, its pathophysiological functions in the brain are unknown.

New insight into Alzheimer's disease: Light reverses Aβ-obstructed interstitial fluid flow and ameliorates memory decline in APP/PS1 mice.

Introduction: Pharmacological therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD) targeting "Aβ" have failed for over 100 years. Low levels of laser light can disassemble Aβ. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms that Aβ-blocked extracellular space (ECS) induces memory disorders in APP/PS1 transgenic mice and addressed whether red light (RL) at 630 nm rescues cognitive decline by reducing Aβ-disturbed flow of interstitial fluid (ISF).

A rapid and sensitive fluorescence method for detecting urine formaldehyde in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Morning urine formaldehyde concentrations could predict the severe degree of dementia in patients with post-stroke dementia and Alzheimer's disease. However, the routinely available technique of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for detecting urine formaldehyde requires expensive and sophisticated equipment.

Methods: We established a fluorescence spectrophotometric method by using a formaldehyde-specific fluorescent probe-NaFA (λex/em = 430/543 nm).