The variations of peroneus digiti quinti muscle and its contribution to the extension of the fifth toe. A cadaveric study.

Objectives: To investigate the origin, prevalence, and possible effects of peroneus digiti quinti muscle (PDQ) on the fifth toe, to find out the variations of PDQ by determining the relationship between peroneus brevis muscle (PB) and PDQ, and to reveal its importance for the applications in foot and ankle surgery. 

Methods: This study was conducted at the Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey between September 2013 and June 2014. The study was a prospective dissection of cadaveric lower limbs.

Evaluation of method performance for oxidative stress biomarkers in urine and biological variations in urine of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Oxidative stress biomarkers such as superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) play an important role in the pathogenesis or progression of numerous diseases. Data regarding the biological variation and analytical quality specifications (imprecision, bias and total error) for judging the acceptability of method performance for oxidative stress biomarkers in urine are conspicuously lacking in the literature. Such data are important in setting analytical quality specifications, assessing the utility of population reference intervals (index of individuality) and assessing the significance of changes in serial results from an individual (reference change value; RCV).

Differences of the anterior segment parameters in children with down syndrome.

Purpose: The study was undertaken to investigate whether anterior segment findings are different in children with Down syndrome (DS) to normal children and to focus on its clinical significance.

Methods: A cross-sectional case control study was conducted in a total of 38 children with DS and 42 healthy children. This is the first report in the literature stating that.

BMI and levels of zinc, copper in hair, serum and urine of Turkish male patients with androgenetic alopecia.

Objective: Male pattern androgenetic alopecia is characterized by progressive hair loss from the scalp. It is known that imbalances of some trace elements play a role in the pathomechanism of many forms of alopecia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of zinc and copper in hair, serum and urine samples of Turkish males with male pattern androgenetic alopecia and to compare with healthy controls.

Medicinal plant extract (Ankaferd Blood Stopper) application in deep tissue injuries in rats: histopathological investigation of the effect on regional and systemic tissues.

Background: This study was planned to evaluate both the histopathological changes under light microscope as well as the systemic organ effects following application of Ankaferd Blood Stopper® (ABS) (a mixture of five plant extracts) in an animal model of deep tissue hemorrhage.

Methods: A total of 50 Wistar Albino rats were divided into five groups of 10 rats each. The rats underwent femoral vein puncture and were treated with ABS tampon, ABS spray, or Surgicel, and one group was left untreated.

Corneal thickness measured by Scheimpflug imaging in children with Down syndrome.

Purpose: To measure corneal thickness via the use of a Scheimpflug imaging system (OCULUS Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) in children with Down syndrome.

Methods: This prospective, nonrandomized, clinical trial included children with Down syndrome and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All subjects received a complete ophthalmologic examination.

A randomized pilot study of acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.

Objective: To compare the therapeutic effect of acupuncture and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy in primary dysmenorrhea patients.

Study Design: Thirty-five young women with a diagnosis of primary dysmenorrhea were recruited for the study. Their dysmenorrhea severity was rated by visual analog scale (VAS) immediately prior to entry into the study.

Effect of atorvastatin and ezetimibe treatment on serum lipid profile and oxidative state in rats fed with a high-cholesterol diet.

Introduction: The effects of ezetimibe and atorvastatin on serum lipid profile and oxidant-antioxidant system were investigated in rats.

Methods: Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 6 groups. Group 1 was fed with standard rat chow.

C2 intralaminar screw placement: a quantitative anatomical and morphometric evaluation.

Aim: To investigate the feasibility of placing a screw in the C2 lamina and evaluate the reliability of the surface of the dorsal arch of C2 as a landmark for determining the optimal site of screw entry.

Material And Methods: 88 adult human C2 spines were used. Seven measurements were determined for screw entry points, trajectories, and lengths for placement of intralaminar screws.

A previously undescribed anomaly of left anterior descending artery: type V dual left anterior descending artery.

Dual left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) is a group of rare congenital coronary artery anomalies and exhibits 4 different types. The goal of this article is to define a new, previously undescribed type of dual LAD anomaly.

Magnetic resonance imaging is a complementary method to stereological measurement of testicular volume.

Objectives: The objective of our research was to determine the accuracy and precision of the Cavalieri principle with images obtained from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in estimation of the actual testicular volume in humans.

Methods: We performed volume measurements of 42 testes from 21 patients scheduled for bilateral orchiectomy for prostate cancer. We performed volume estimation measurements with ultrasonography (US), Prader's orchidometer (PrOM), and Cavalieri principle MRI (we used views in axial sagittal and planes) before orchiectomy.

Morphometrical features of the human malleolar groove.

Background: Our aim was to investigate the morphometric features of malleolar groove of the lateral malleolus in humans.

Methods: This study was performed on the malleolar grooves of 93 (80 dry and 13 cadaveric) fibulae. We measured the length of the fibula; length, width, and depth of the malleolar groove; the angle between malleolar groove and the fibular axis.

The effect of posterior bridging of C-1 on craniovertebral junction surgery.

Object: The groove for the vertebral artery (VA) may be bridged on C-1, forming a canal through which the artery passes. Because this variant may significantly affect the commonly performed C-1 posterior laminectomy, the authors studied the incidence and radiological appearance of this anatomical feature in surgical specimens.

Methods: Anatomical measurements were performed using a Vernier caliper (accurate to 0.

The comparative investigation of left ventricle papillary muscle arteries in different species.

Objective: To determine whether similar histologic findings exist in left ventricle papillary muscle arteries in different species and to elicit whether those animal hearts may be used as models for human heart in experimental studies related to papillary muscles.

Methods: We examined 360 samples taken from the tip, mid-portion and base of papillary muscles in 60 normal adult hearts (15 each from human, dog, sheep, goat). The samples were obtained from Dicle University and Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University, Turkey and the study was conducted in June-September 2004.

Effects of L-carnitine on oxidant/antioxidant status in acetic acid-induced colitis.

Recently, the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis has been investigated. This study was designed to evaluate the possible beneficial effects of L-carnitine on tissue injury and oxidative stress in acetic acid-induced colitis in rats. Acetic acid administration induced severe damage macroscopically and histopathologically in colon and significantly increased the levels of malondialdehyde and myeloperoxidase in colonic tissue.

Bilateral aplasia of the tibialis anterior and unilateral aplasia of the extensor hallucis longus muscles.

A 35-year-old woman presented with bilateral leg pain on walking that had been present since childhood. Clinical examination showed bilateral absence of the tibialis anterior tendons and the left extensor hallucis longus tendon. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed that signal intensities in the location of the tibialis anterior muscles bilaterally and the left extensor hallucis longus muscle were uniformly high on T1-weighted images, consistent with fat tissue and aplastic muscles: findings not previously reported.

Influence of ovariectomy and flutamide treatment on vaginal tissue and body weight.

Objective: To determine the effect of flutamide on vaginal histology, and to ascertain whether flutamide regulates body weight gain in the ovariectomized rat model.

Methods: We chose 36 sexually mature female Wistar-Albino rats in this study. The study took placed in the Department of Medical Science Application and Research Center of Dicle University, Diyarbakir, Turkey, in 2002.

Effectiveness of electro-acupuncture compared to sedo-analgesics in relieving pain during shockwave lithotripsy.

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of electro-acupuncture (EA) with the combination of tramadol+midazolam (TM) for pain relief during outpatient extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL). A total of 35 patients (20 men, 15 women) with stones located in the pelvicalyceal system of the kidney were randomized prospectively to undergo lithotripsy with a third generation lithotriptor (Stone Lith, smart PCK) after receiving either EA (n=17) or TM (n=18) for sedation and analgesia. EA treatment was applied to patients by the same licensed acupuncturist 30 min prior to ESWL in group EA.

A case of bathing trunk nevus studded with neurofibroma-like papules.

There is a significant association between bathing trunk nevus and neurofibromatosis. However, not all neurofibroma-like papules detected clinically in cases with bathing trunk nevus may be a neurofibromas and histopathological confirmation is essential for definition of these lesions. We report a 21 year old white male patient with a bathing trunk nevus studded with neurofibroma-like papules of melanocytic nature.

Age-related differences in normal corneal topography.

Background And Objective: The aim of this study was to compare age-related differences in the corneal topography of a normal population using a computerized corneal topography system.

Patients And Methods: The randomized comparative study included 240 eyes of 120 subjects with normal corneas. Subjects were divided into six age groups: 5 to 10 years (group 1), 11 to 20 years (group 2), 21 to 30 years (group 3), 31 to 40 years (group 4), 41 to 50 years (group 5), and 51 years or older (group 6).