Multiomics analysis reveals aberrant tryptophan-kynurenine metabolism and immunity linked gut microbiota with cognitive impairment in major depressive disorder.

Objective: Cognitive impairment occurs throughout the entire course of and affects the work and life of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The gut microbiota, kynurenine pathway (KP) and inflammatory response may have important roles in the mechanism of cognitive impairment in MDD patients. Consequently, our goal was to investigate the association among the gut microbiota, inflammation, KP, and cognition in MDD.

Homocysteine levels in first-episode patients with psychiatric disorders.

A high homocysteine (Hcy) level is a risk factor for schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder. However, the role of hyperhomocysteinemia as either an independent factor or an auxiliary contributor to specific psychiatric symptoms or disorders remains unclear. This study aimed to examine Hcy levels in first-episode inpatients with psychotic symptoms and various psychiatric diseases to elucidate the association between Hcy levels and psychiatric disorders.

Vocal emotion perception in schizophrenia and its diagnostic significance.

Background: Cognitive and emotional impairment are among the core features of schizophrenia; assessment of vocal emotion recognition may facilitate the detection of schizophrenia. We explored the differences between cognitive and social aspects of emotion using vocal emotion recognition and detailed clinical characterization.

Methods: Clinical symptoms and social and cognitive functioning were assessed by trained clinical psychiatrists.

Relationship Between Plasma Aripiprazole and Dehydroaripiprazole Concentrations and Prolactin Levels in Chinese Children and Adolescents.

To investigate the relationship between plasma aripiprazole (ARI) and its metabolite dehydroaripiprazole (DARI) concentrations and prolactin (PRL) levels in Chinese children and adolescents. This was a retrospective cross-sectional study and the data were collected at Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital, a Beijing City owned psychiatric hospital, between January 1 and December 31, 2021. Fifty-two child and adolescent inpatients (17 males, 35 females) aged 13-18 years and received ARI regardless of diagnosis were included.

Relationship between the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway and painful physical symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between the tryptophan-kynurenine (TRP-KYN) pathway and painful physical symptoms (PPS) in major depressive disorder (MDD).

Methods: Eighty-four patients with MDD (40 patients with PPS and 44 without PPS) and forty-six healthy controls (HC) were recruited. The serum levels of tryptophan (TRP), kynurenine(KYN), kynurenic acid (KA), quinolinic acid (QA), 3-hydroxy-kynurenine (3-HK), serotonin (5-HT) were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).

Relationship Between Plasma Olanzapine and N-Desmethyl-Olanzapine Concentration and Metabolic Parameters in Patients With Schizophrenia.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to investigate a potential relationship between metabolic parameters and steady-state plasma concentrations of olanzapine (OLA) and its metabolite, 4-N'-desmethyl-olanzapine (DMO) in patients with schizophrenia taking therapeutic doses.

Methods: A total of 352 inpatients, diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the DSM-V criteria and treated with OLA, were investigated. The plasma concentrations of OLA and DMO were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS).

Gut microbiome and daytime function in Chinese patients with major depressive disorder.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is underscored by daytime dysfunction-associated features, including mood disturbances, impaired cognition, fatigue, and daytime sleepiness. Importantly, the gut-brain axis may represent a potential mechanistic link between MDD and daytime dysfunction. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the gut microbiome composition and daytime dysfunction in Chinese patients with MDD.

High-Dose Betahistine Improves Cognitive Function in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.

There is currently no effective treatment for cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia (CIAS). Recent studies have shown that increased histamine levels in the brain may help to improve CIAS symptoms. Betahistine is an H1-receptor agonist and H3-receptor antagonist.

Gut Microbiome Composition Associated With Major Depressive Disorder and Sleep Quality.

The microbiota-gut-brain axis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of major depressive disorder (MDD) and related subclinical symptoms. However, studies on the gut microbiota in MDD are inconsistent, and data on MDD's effects on sleep are lacking. This study aimed to analyze the gut microbiota composition and sleep quality of patients with MDD.