Nano-Microemulsions of CaCO-Encapsulated Curcumin Ester Derivatives With High Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities and pH Sensitivity.

In this study, we synthesized nano-microemulsions of calcium carbonate (CaCO)-encapsulated curcumin (Cur)-Ferulic acid (FA) ester derivatives of diverse mass ratios by using the solution casting approach. The structures, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, physical properties, and potential of hydrogen (pH) sensitivity of these products were examined. Compared with microparticles of CaCO, those of CaCO@Cur-FA exhibited excellent antimicrobial and antioxidant properties.

Transcriptome analysis to reveal the mechanism of the effect of Echinops latifolius polysaccharide B on palmitate-induced insulin-resistant.

Hepatic insulin resistance is a crucial pathological process in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) associated with visceral adiposity and metabolic disorders. Echinops latifolius polysaccharide B (ETPB), a polysaccharide extracted from Echinops latifolius Tausch, increases insulin sensitivity in the high-fat diet-fed and STZ induced SD rat model and even prevented hepatic metabolic disorders. However, the mechanism by which ETPB improves carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms in the liver with insulin resistance remains largely unknown.

miR-375 Promotes Pancreatic Differentiation by Affecting Different Target Genes at Different Stages.

Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) possess the ability to differentiate into insulin-producing cells (IPCs), which can be used to treat type I diabetes. miR-375 is an essential transcriptional regulator in the development and maturation of the pancreas. In this study, we optimized a protocol to differentiate hESCs into IPCs and successfully obtained IPCs.

Changes in urinary arsenic species and methylation capacity in original arsenic exposure cohort after water quality improvement.

Water quality improvement is the most efficient way to prevent arsenic exposure. After the cessation of arsenic ingestion, arsenic methylation capacity of the exposed population can change significantly. The factors associated with these changes remain poorly understood.

Effects of arsenic methylation and metabolism on the changes of arsenic-related skin lesions.

Little was known about the arsenic metabolism and arsenic methylation associated with the changes of skin lesions after reducing the arsenic in drinking water (WAs). Therefore, urinary concentrations and proportions of arsenic species were determined for recovery (RC), improvement (IC), persistent (PE), aggravation (AC), new incidence (NC), and no sign (HC) groups based on the changes of skin lesions between before (in 2004) and after (in 2017) WAs reduction. The results indicate that the urinary concentrations of inorganic arsenic (iAs), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA), and total arsenic (TAs) were much higher for RC and IC groups than for the other groups in 2004, while these values varied slightly among the groups in 2017.

A follow-up study of the development of skin lesions associated with arsenic exposure duration.

Little information about the development of skin lesions in relation to arsenic exposure duration is available. Therefore, skin lesions in a cohort from the Bameng region of China were diagnosed in 2012 and 2017. The results indicated that the prevalence of hyperkeratosis, pigmentation and depigmentation in 2017 was 64.

An investigation of the health effects caused by exposure to arsenic from drinking water and coal combustion: arsenic exposure and metabolism.

Few studies have been conducted to compare arsenic exposure, metabolism, and methylation in populations exposed to arsenic in drinking water and from coal combustion. Therefore, arsenic concentrations in the environment and arsenic speciation in the urine of subjects exposed to arsenic as a consequence of coal combustion in a rural area in Shaanxi province (CCA) and in drinking water in a rural area in Inner Mongolia (DWA) were investigated. The mean arsenic concentrations in drinking water, indoor air, and soil in CCA were 4.

The relationships between arsenic methylation and both skin lesions and hypertension caused by chronic exposure to arsenic in drinking water.

The associations between arsenic exposure, arsenic methylation, and the prevalence of skin lesions and hypertension are investigated. The results indicate that the HS (hypertension and skin lesions) group and the S (skin lesions) group have higher urinary concentrations of iAs (inorganic arsenic), MMA (monomethylarsonic acid), DMA (dimethylarsinous acid) and%MMA, and lower SMI (secondary arsenic methylation index) compared to the H (hypertension) and N (without both hypertension and skin lesions) groups. The arsenic content in water which caused H may be lower than that which caused HS and S.

[Effects on serum hormones of rats exposed to subchronic low-dose arsenic].

Objective: To study the effect on endocrine system of SD rats exposed to low-dose arsenic.

Methods: A subchronic test on rats which were divided into five groups randomly( the control group, 0. 05, 0.

Arsenic methylation and skin lesions in migrant and native adult women with chronic exposure to arsenic from drinking groundwater.

In order to figure out the prevalence of skin lesions and methylation capacity for migrant and native adult women in an endemic area for arsenic poisoning in Inner Mongolia, China, 207 adult women were selected for study subjects. The results showed that the prevalence of skin lesions for the external group, provincial group and native group was 36.54, 26.

Associations of arsenic metabolites, methylation capacity, and skin lesions caused by chronic exposure to high arsenic in tube well water.

To investigate the interaction between skin lesion status and arsenic methylation profiles, the concentrations and proportions of arsenic metabolites in urine and arsenic methylation capacities of study subjects were determined. The results showed that the mean urinary concentrations of iAs (inorganic arsenic), MMA (monomethylarsonic acid), DMA (dimethylarsinic acid), and TAs (total arsenic) were 75.65, 68.

Arsenic Metabolites and Methylation Capacity Among Individuals Living in a Rural Area with Endemic Arseniasis in Inner Mongolia, China.

More than 0.3 million individuals are subject to chronic exposure to arsenic via their drinking water in Inner Mongolia, China. To determine arsenic methylation capacity profiles for such individuals, concentrations of urinary arsenic metabolites were measured for 548 subjects using high-performance liquid chromatography and a hydride generator combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry.

Cardiovascular disease and arsenic exposure in Inner Mongolia, China: a case control study.

Background: Millions of people are at risk from the adverse effects of arsenic exposure through drinking water. Increasingly, non-cancer effects such as cardiovascular disease have been associated with drinking water arsenic exposures. However, most studies have been conducted in highly exposed populations and lacked individual measurements.

[Expression and significance of ERalpha mRNA of residents exposed to arsenic via drinking water].

Objective: To detect ERbeta mRNA expression of subjects exposed to different arsenic drinking water, and to analyze the potential relationship between their abnormal expression and heart injury caused by arsenic in order to study the endocrine disturbing effect of arsenic.

Methods: Molecular epidemiological method was used. The study subjects included a total of 273 residents exposed to arsenic via drinking water,and they were divided into four groups according to arsenic concentration, and their blood ERbeta mRNA expression was detected by real-time RT-PCR.

Altered gene expression by low-dose arsenic exposure in humans and cultured cardiomyocytes: assessment by real-time PCR arrays.

Chronic arsenic exposure results in higher risk of skin, lung, and bladder cancer, as well as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects on expression of selected genes in the blood lymphocytes from 159 people exposed chronically to arsenic in their drinking water using a novel RT-PCR TaqMan low-density array (TLDA). We found that expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which activates both inflammation and NF-κB-dependent survival pathways, was strongly associated with water and urinary arsenic levels.

[Effects on endocrine system of female rats exposed to chronic arsenic].

Objective: To study the effect on endocrine system of female rats exposed to chronic arsenic.

Methods: 50 female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups: control group, 0.05, 0.

[Effects on serum estadiol and progesterone of female mice exposed to arsenic chronically].

Objective: By measure the changes of serumal estadiol and progesterone levels of kunming female mice, which are chronically exposed to different concentrations of arsenic trioxide, discuss the estrogen-like effects of arsenic.

Methods: Select the Kunming female mice exposed to different drinking water of arsenic trioxide (0, 0.05, 0.

Proteomic analysis of human nail plate.

Shotgun proteomic analysis of the human nail plate identified 144 proteins in samples from Causcasian volunteers. The 30 identified proteins solubilized by detergent and reducing agent, 90% of the total nail plate mass, were primarily keratins and keratin associated proteins. Keratins comprised a majority of the detergent-insoluble fraction as well, but numerous cytoplasmic, membrane, and junctional proteins and histones were also identified, indicating broad use by transglutaminases of available proteins as substrates for cross-linking.

[Study on reproductive and immune toxicity of male rats exposed to As2O3].

Objective: To study on reproductive and immune toxicity of male rats exposed to subacute As2O3.

Methods: 24 male rats of KM-strain were divided into four groups and were given by gavage deionized water, 2.0, 4.

Global gene expression profiling of hyperkeratotic skin lesions from inner Mongolians chronically exposed to arsenic.

The skin is an organ that is highly sensitive to chronic arsenic (As) exposure. Skin lesions such as hyperkeratoses (HKs) are common early manifestations of arsenicosis in humans. HKs can be precursor lesions of nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSCs), but the driving forces behind their formation and how they may ultimately progress to NMSCs are unknown.

Elevated ERCC1 gene expression in blood cells associated with exposure to arsenic from drinking water in Inner Mongolia.

Background: Chronic arsenic exposure has been associated with human cancer. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of arsenic exposure on a DNA nucleotide excision repair gene, ERCC1, expression in human blood cells.

Patients And Methods: Water and toenail samples were collected from a total of 327 Inner Mongolian residents for arsenic analysis.

Increased mortality associated with well-water arsenic exposure in Inner Mongolia, China.

We conducted a retrospective mortality study in an Inner Mongolian village exposed to well water contaminated by arsenic since the 1980s. Deaths occurring between January 1, 1997 and December 1, 2004 were classified according to underlying cause and water samples from household wells were tested for total arsenic. Heart disease mortality was associated with arsenic exposure, and the association strengthened with time exposed to the water source.

Well water arsenic exposure, arsenic induced skin-lesions and self-reported morbidity in Inner Mongolia.

Residents of the Bayingnormen region of Inner Mongolia have been exposed to arsenic-contaminated well water for over 20 years, but relatively few studies have investigated health effects in this region. We surveyed one village to document exposure to arsenic and assess the prevalence of arsenic-associated skin lesions and self-reported morbidity. Five-percent (632) of the 12,334 residents surveyed had skin lesions characteristics of arsenic exposure.

Elevated human telomerase reverse transcriptase gene expression in blood cells associated with chronic arsenic exposure in Inner Mongolia, China.

Background: Arsenic exposure is associated with human cancer. Telomerase-containing human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) can extend telomeres of chromosomes, delay senescence, and promote cell proliferation leading to tumorigenesis.

Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of As on hTERT mRNA expression in humans and in vitro.

Arsenic speciation analysis in human saliva.

Background: Determination of arsenic species in saliva is potentially useful for biomonitoring of human exposure and studying arsenic metabolism. Arsenic speciation in saliva has not been reported previously.

Methods: We separated arsenic species in saliva using liquid chromatography (LC) and quantified them by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.