The association between body roundness index and new-onset hyperuricemia in Chinese population: the Kailuan cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between the newly defined adiposity metric, the Body Roundness Index (BRI), which assesses central obesity, and the development of new-onset hyperuricemia.

Methods: In the Kailuan cohort study from 2006 to 2019, 91,804 eligible participants were included. A multivariate Cox regression model was used to test the correlation between BRI and hyperuricemia.

Activation of TGR5 in the injured nerve site according to a prevention protocol mitigates partial sciatic nerve ligation-induced neuropathic pain by alleviating neuroinflammation.

Neuropathic pain is a pervasive medical challenge currently lacking effective treatment options. Molecular changes at the site of peripheral nerve injury contribute to both peripheral and central sensitization, critical components of neuropathic pain. This study explores the role of the G-protein-coupled bile acid receptor (GPBAR1 or TGR5) in the peripheral mechanisms underlying neuropathic pain induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation in male mice.

PHF2 regulates genome topology and DNA replication in neural stem cells via cohesin.

Cohesin plays a crucial role in the organization of topologically-associated domains (TADs), which influence gene expression and DNA replication timing. Whether epigenetic regulators may affect TADs via cohesin to mediate DNA replication remains elusive. Here, we discover that the histone demethylase PHF2 associates with RAD21, a core subunit of cohesin, to regulate DNA replication in mouse neural stem cells (NSC).

METTL8 links mt-tRNA mC modification to the HIF1α/RTK/Akt axis to sustain GBM stemness and tumorigenicity.

Epitranscriptomic RNA modifications are crucial for the maintenance of glioma stem cells (GSCs), the most malignant cells in glioblastoma (GBM). 3-methylcytosine (mC) is a new epitranscriptomic mark on RNAs and METTL8 represents an mC writer that is dysregulated in cancer. Although METTL8 has an established function in mitochondrial tRNA (mt-tRNA) mC modification, alternative splicing of METTL8 can also generate isoforms that localize to the nucleolus where they may regulate R-loop formation.

Telomere shortening induces aging-associated phenotypes in hiPSC-derived neurons and astrocytes.

Telomere shortening is a well-established hallmark of cellular aging. Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) plays a crucial role in maintaining the length of telomeres, which are specialised protective caps at the end of chromosomes. The lack of in vitro aging models, particularly for the central nervous system (CNS), has impeded progress in understanding aging and age-associated neurodegenerative diseases.

CAMK2D serves as a molecular scaffold for RNF8-MAD2 complex to induce mitotic checkpoint in glioma.

MAD2 is a spindle assembly checkpoint protein that participates in the formation of mitotic checkpoint complex, which blocks mitotic progression. RNF8, an established DNA damage response protein, has been implicated in mitotic checkpoint regulation but its exact role remains poorly understood. Here, RNF8 proximity proteomics uncovered a role of RNF8-MAD2 in generating the mitotic checkpoint signal.

Influence of clinical zirconia surface treatments on microscopic characteristics and adhesion-proliferation behavior of human gingival fibroblasts.

Zirconia is favored in dental implant applications due to its biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and esthetic appeal, particularly in its interaction with soft oral tissues such as the gingiva. To optimize zirconia for clinical use, surface treatments like sanding and polishing are essential. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of clinical surface treatments on the microscopic characteristics of zirconia and the adhesion and proliferation of human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs).

Nrf2 differentially regulates osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation for bone homeostasis.

Nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a master regulator of antioxidant response and protects cells from excessive oxidative stress. Nrf2 emerges as a prospective therapeutic target for metabolic bone disorders, in which the balance between osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption is disrupted. However, the molecular mechanism through which Nrf2 modulates bone homeostasis remains unclear.

CvkR is a MerR-type transcriptional repressor of class 2 type V-K CRISPR-associated transposase systems.

Certain CRISPR-Cas elements integrate into Tn7-like transposons, forming CRISPR-associated transposon (CAST) systems. How the activity of these systems is controlled in situ has remained largely unknown. Here we characterize the MerR-type transcriptional regulator Alr3614 that is encoded by one of the CAST (AnCAST) system genes in the genome of cyanobacterium Anabaena sp.

The efficacy and safety of epirubicin and cyclophosphamide combined with pyrotinib in neoadjuvant treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer: A real-world study.

Purpose: Long-term survival benefit of anthracyclines for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer is clear. In the neoadjuvant treatment, compared with the monoclonal antibody such as trastuzumab and pertuzumab, the clinical benefit of pyrotinib, a new small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), as the main anti-HER2 strategy currently requires more research to determine. Our real-world study is the first prospective observational study in China to evaluate the efficacy and safety of epirubicin (E) and cyclophosphamide (C) with pyrotinib as anti-HER2 therapy in the neoadjuvant setting of patients with stage II-III HER2-positive breast cancer.

Discovery of a Unique Flavonoid Biosynthesis Mechanism in Fungi by Genome Mining.

Flavonoids are important plant natural products with variable structures and bioactivities. All known plant flavonoids are generated under the catalysis of a type III polyketide synthase (PKS) followed by a chalcone isomerase (CHI) and a flavone synthase (FNS). In this study, the biosynthetic gene cluster of chlorflavonin, a fungal flavonoid with acetolactate synthase inhibitory activity, was discovered using a self-resistance-gene-directed strategy.

Structural Analysis of Oxidized Sucrose and Its Application as a Crease-Resistant Crosslinking Agent.

Oxidized sucrose is a non-formaldehyde crosslinking agent with many applications in polymer crosslinking and modification, such as in the preparation of starch films and protein films. However, research on the structure of oxidized sucrose is lacking. In this paper, oxidized sucrose was synthesized through selective oxidation of sodium periodate.

Characterization and Structural Analysis of Emodin--Methyltransferase from .

All -methylated derivatives of emodin, including physcion, questin, and 1--methylemodin, show potential antifungal activities. Notably, emodin and questin are two pivotal intermediates of geodin biosynthesis in . Although most of the geodin biosynthetic steps have been investigated, the key -methyltransferase (OMT) responsible for the -methylation of emodin to generate questin has remained unidentified.

Effectiveness of Physical Activity Interventions on Cognition, Neuropsychiatric Symptoms, and Quality of Life of Alzheimer's Disease: An Update of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The topic of physical activity interventions for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been discussed for decades, but there are still inconsistent views on the effect of its intervention in different studies. With the increase in randomized controlled trials (RCTs), it is necessary to update newly published studies and systematically evaluate the effects of physical activity interventions. Scientific citation databases (e.

Interaction analyses based on growth parameters of GWAS between Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

To accurately explore the interaction mechanism between Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, we designed an ecological experiment to monoculture and co-culture E. coli and S. aureus.

KIF3A regulates the Wnt/β-catenin pathway via transporting β-catenin during spermatogenesis in Eriocheir sinensis.

The Wnt/β-catenin pathway participates in many important physiological events such as cell proliferation and differentiation in the male reproductive system. We found that Kinesin-2 motor KIF3A is highly expressed during spermatogenesis in Eriocheir sinensis; it may potentially promote the intracellular transport of cargoes in this process. However, only a few studies have focused on the relationship between KIF3A and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the male reproductive system of decapod crustaceans.

Freshwater Cyanobacterium PCC 7942 Adapts to an Environment with Salt Stress via Ion-Induced Enzymatic Balance of Compatible Solutes.

Salinity is one of the most important abiotic factors in various natural habitats of microbes. Cyanobacteria are the most widely distributed family of photosynthetic microorganisms in environments with fluctuating salinity. In response to salt stress, many cyanobacteria synthesize compatible solutes to maintain osmotic balance in the cell.

Structural insights into the catalytic mechanism of lovastatin hydrolase.

The lovastatin hydrolase PcEST from the fungus exhibits enormous potential for industrial-scale applications in single-step production of monacolin J, the key precursor for synthesis of the cholesterol-lowering drug simvastatin. This enzyme specifically and efficiently catalyzes the conversion of lovastatin to monacolin J but cannot hydrolyze simvastatin. Understanding the catalytic mechanism and the structure-function relationship of PcEST is therefore important for further lovastatin hydrolase screening, engineering, and commercial applications.

Patients, caregivers and nurses' attitudes toward patients' participation in knee and hip joint replacement pain management: a Q-methodology study.

: Patients are often not actively involved in their acute pain management.: To understand the attitudes of patients, family caregivers and nurses to patient participation in pain management after their knee or hip joint replacement.: Q-methodological design.

Contribution of microglial reaction to increased nociceptive responses in high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity in male mice.

The progressive increase in the prevalence of obesity in the population can result in increased healthcare costs and demands. Recent studies have revealed a positive correlation between pain and obesity, although the underlying mechanisms still remain unknown. Here, we aimed to clarify the role of microglia in altered pain behaviors induced by high-fat diet (HFD) in male mice.

Kinesins in MAPK cascade: How kinesin motors are involved in the MAPK pathway?

Kinesins are essential for the transport and positioning of several biomolecules through moving along the microtubule in eukaryotic cells. Up to now, there are 14 kinesin family proteins known. The MAPK pathway which is composed of multiple proteins constituting a complex cascade also plays important roles in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in eukaryotic cells.

Decreased abundance of TRESK two-pore domain potassium channels in sensory neurons underlies the pain associated with bone metastasis.

Cancer-associated pain is debilitating. Understanding the mechanisms that cause it can inform drug development that may improve quality of life in patients. Here, we found that the reduced abundance of potassium channels called TRESK in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons sensitized nociceptive sensory neurons and cancer-associated pain.

BDNF contributes to the neonatal incision-induced facilitation of spinal long-term potentiation and the exacerbation of incisional pain in adult rats.

Neonatal surgical injury exacerbates spinal microglial reactivity, modifies spinal synaptic function, leading to exaggerated pain hypersensitivity after adult repeated incision. Whether and how the alteration in microglial reactivity and synaptic plasticity are functionally related remain unclear. Previously, we and others have documented that spinal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), secreted from microglia, contributes to long-term potentiation (LTP) in adult rodents with neuropathic pain.