Exploiting the Unique Biology of to Launch Neurodegeneration Studies in Space.

The 21st century is likely to be the first century in which large-scale short- and long-term space missions become common. Accordingly, an ever-increasing body of research is focusing on understanding the effects of current and future space expeditions on human physiology in health and disease. Yet the complex experimental environment, the small number of participants, and the high cost of space missions are among the primary factors that hinder a better understanding of the impact of space missions on human physiology.

Occupational influences on Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis in a cohort of 18-year-old male military conscripts.

Background: The reported prevalence of spondylolysis (SL) in the adult population is 6-7%. Data concerning adolescent-onset spondylolisthesis (SLS) and the impact of certain activities on it is scarce. We examined the risk of clinical progression of SL and SLS as a function of primary severity and occupational strain among military recruits.

The association between obesity and secular trend of stature: a nationwide study of 2.8 million adolescents over five decades.

Background/objectives: It is unclear whether adolescent obesity is associated with limited linear growth. We assessed this association in a nationwide sample of adolescents.

Methods: We conducted a population-based, study of 2,785,227 Israeli adolescents (60% males) who were examined before military service since 1967 through 2015.