Investigation of the catalytic mechanism of targeted adsorption and selective hydrogenation based on d-π conjugated derivatives.

D-π conjugated coordination polymers (CCPs) are often widely used in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis due to their unique electronic conductivity and structural flexibility. However, it remains a challenge to overcome the self-degradation of d-π CCPs in thermal catalysis and to effectively utilize their excellent electron transfer properties. Here, we present a series of d-π CCPs derivative after calcination treatment.

Error correction analysis of wavefront testing in quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry.

Quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry (QWLSI) is based on double birefringent crystals of a beam displacer (DBCs-BD), which can generate the lateral shearing interference wavefront of four beams of overlapped replicas in the DBCs-BD orthogonal directions. When the replica waves are overlapped incident to the analyzer and the direction of the transmission axis is set as 45° or 135°, the QWLSI's polarization interferogram can be obtained. This paper deduces the principle of QWLSI based on the DBCs-BD and presents the analysis of orthogonal error influence based on the DBCs-BD and the phase retrieval error of QWLSI when shear displacement by tilted incident on the DBCs-BD.

A novel multiple directional shearing interferometry system with synchronous polarization phase shifting.

This paper explores a multi-directional (multiple directional) shearing synchronous polarization phase-shifting interferometer that utilizes a birefringent crystal displacer. This design effectively mitigates nonlinear issues and environmental influences commonly encountered in synchronous phase-shifting interferometry. Additionally, it enables the acquisition of shear wavefront information from multiple directions.

Aspherical Surface Wavefront Testing Based on Multi-Directional Orthogonal Lateral Shearing Interferometry.

To overcome the limitations of phase sampling points in testing aspherical surface wavefronts using traditional interferometers, we propose a high-spatial-resolution method based on multi-directional orthogonal lateral shearing interferometry. In this study, we provide a detailed description of the methodology, which includes the theoretical foundations and experimental setup, along with the results from simulations and experiments. By establishing a relational model between the multi-directional differential wavefront and differential Zernike polynomials, we demonstrate high-spatial-resolution wavefront reconstruction using multi-directional orthogonal lateral shearing interferometry.

Effects of Mandibular Advancement Device on Genioglossus of Rabbits in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Through PINK1/Parkin Pathway.

Background: Early treatment of mandibular advancement device (MAD) reverses the abnormal changes resulting from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), but the underlying mechanism is not clear. We analysed the changes of genioglossus function before and after MAD treatment in OSA rabbits and explored the mechanism of mitochondrial autophagy.

Methods: Eighteen male New Zealand rabbits were randomised into three groups: the control group, Group OSA, and Group MAD.

Prognostic Value of Systemic Inflammation, Nutritional Status and Sarcopenia in Patients With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Background: Nutritional status, systemic inflammatory responses and muscle mass are associated with the prognosis of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the optimal biomarker for predicting prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the optimal indicators of survival among the nutrition-based, inflammation-based and muscle mass-related markers for ALS patients.

Global, regional, and national time trends in the burden of epilepsy, 1990-2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for the global burden of disease 2019 study.

Background: Epilepsy is a non-communicable chronic brain disease that affects all age groups. There are approximately 50 million epilepsy patients worldwide, which is one of the most common neurological disorder. This study reports the time trends in the burden of epilepsy from 1999 to 2019.

Effects of Cactus Polysaccharide on Pasting, Rheology, Structural Properties, In Vitro Digestibility, and Freeze-Thaw Stability of Rice Starch.

This study combined rice starch (RS) with cactus polysaccharide (CP) at different composites (0.6%, 1.2%, 1.

Causal association between obstructive sleep apnea and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) had a high prevalence in the population. Whether OSA increases the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unknown. Our aim was to clarify this issue using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in a large cohort.

Quantitative evaluation of factors influencing the 3 Hz repetitive nerve stimulation test in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Introduction/aims: Previous studies have suggested that treatments targeting the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) may play a role in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, factors impacting repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS), a technique to evaluate NMJ function, have yet to be fully elucidated. We aimed to identify independent factors contributing to the decremental response of the accessory nerve and evaluated its value in ALS clinical practice.

A mandibular advancement device attenuates the abnormal morphology and function of mitochondria from the genioglossus in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome rabbits.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease. Mandibular advancement device (MAD) has the characteristics of non-invasive, comfortable, portable and low-cost, making it the preferred treatment for mild-to-moderate OSAHS. Our previous studies found that abnormal contractility and fibre type distribution of the genioglossus could be caused by OSAHS.

Developing a novel immune infiltration-associated mitophagy prediction model for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis using bioinformatics strategies.

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, which leads to muscle weakness and eventual paralysis. Numerous studies have indicated that mitophagy and immune inflammation have a significant impact on the onset and advancement of ALS. Nevertheless, the possible diagnostic and prognostic significance of mitophagy-related genes associated with immune infiltration in ALS is uncertain.

Crosstalk between metabolism and cell death in tumorigenesis.

It is generally recognized that tumor cells proliferate more rapidly than normal cells. Due to such an abnormally rapid proliferation rate, cancer cells constantly encounter the limits of insufficient oxygen and nutrient supplies. To satisfy their growth needs and resist adverse environmental events, tumor cells modify the metabolic pathways to produce both extra energies and substances required for rapid growth.

Engineering of Pore Design and Oxygen Vacancy on High-Entropy Oxides by a Microenvironment Tailoring Strategy.

High-entropy oxides (HEOs) exhibit abundant structural diversity due to cationic and anionic sublattices with independence, rendering them superior in catalytic applications compared to monometallic oxides. Nevertheless, the conventional high-temperature calcination approach undermines the porosity and reduces the exposure of active sites (such as oxygen vacancies, OVs) in HEOs, leading to diminished catalytic efficiency. Herein, we fabricate a series of HEOs with a large surface area utilizing a microenvironment modulation strategy (m-NiMgCuZnCo: 86 m/g, m-MnCuCoNiFe: 67 m/g, and m-FeCrCoNiMn: 54 m/g).

Efficacy and safety of second-line therapy by S-1 combined with sintilimab and anlotinib in pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastasis: a single-arm, phase II clinical trial.

Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma carries a grim prognosis, and there are few recognized effective second-line treatment strategies. We attempted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination of S-1, sintilimab, and anlotinib as a second-line treatment in pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastasis.

Methods: Pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases were recruited.

Making "cold" tumors "hot"- radiotherapy remodels the tumor immune microenvironment of pancreatic cancer to benefit from immunotherapy: a case report.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited efficacy in metastatic pancreatic cancer due to the complex tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Studies have shown that radiotherapy can cause cell lesions to release tumor antigens and then take part in the remodeling of the tumor environment and the induction of ectopic effects regional and systemic immunoregulation. Here, we reported a case of advanced metastatic pancreatic cancer treated with immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and a sharp shift of the TIME from T3 to T2 was also observed.

Mendelian Randomization Identifies Genetically Supported Drug Targets for Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia.

Currently, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have no effective treatments. Drug repurposing offers a rapid method to meet therapeutic need for ALS and FTD. To identify therapeutic targets associated with ALS and FTD, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and colocalization were performed.

Investigation into the Relationship between Spermidine Degradation and Phenolic Compounds Biosynthesis in Barley Seedlings under Ultraviolet B Stress.

Barley germination under ultraviolet B (UV-B) illumination stress induces effective accumulation of phenolic compounds in the barley. Spermidine can enhance the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and alleviate the oxidative damage caused by UV-B. To better understand the function of spermidine, inhibitors of enzymes that are involved in the degradation of spermidine and the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the product of spermidine degradation, were applied to barley germinated under UV-B treatment.

Genetically proxied antidiabetic drugs targets and stroke risk.

Background: Previous studies have assessed the association between antidiabetic drugs and stroke risk, but the results are inconsistent. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to assess effects of antidiabetic drugs on stroke risk.

Methods: We selected blood glucose-lowering variants in genes encoding antidiabetic drugs targets from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).