Publications by authors named "Yahui Zhu"

D-π conjugated coordination polymers (CCPs) are often widely used in photocatalysis and electrocatalysis due to their unique electronic conductivity and structural flexibility. However, it remains a challenge to overcome the self-degradation of d-π CCPs in thermal catalysis and to effectively utilize their excellent electron transfer properties. Here, we present a series of d-π CCPs derivative after calcination treatment.

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Quadriwave lateral shearing interferometry (QWLSI) is based on double birefringent crystals of a beam displacer (DBCs-BD), which can generate the lateral shearing interference wavefront of four beams of overlapped replicas in the DBCs-BD orthogonal directions. When the replica waves are overlapped incident to the analyzer and the direction of the transmission axis is set as 45° or 135°, the QWLSI's polarization interferogram can be obtained. This paper deduces the principle of QWLSI based on the DBCs-BD and presents the analysis of orthogonal error influence based on the DBCs-BD and the phase retrieval error of QWLSI when shear displacement by tilted incident on the DBCs-BD.

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This paper explores a multi-directional (multiple directional) shearing synchronous polarization phase-shifting interferometer that utilizes a birefringent crystal displacer. This design effectively mitigates nonlinear issues and environmental influences commonly encountered in synchronous phase-shifting interferometry. Additionally, it enables the acquisition of shear wavefront information from multiple directions.

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Article Synopsis
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arises from liver cells (hepatocytes) that are damaged and undergoing compensatory growth, particularly due to metabolic disorders like MASH.
  • The tumor-suppressive effects of p53 and the anti-cancer role of the enzyme FBP1 are undermined in HCC, as FBP1 is commonly degraded and suppressed in tumors.
  • Key metabolic pathways involving AKT and NRF2 play a role in reversing the effects of cellular senescence, boosting the growth of HCC cells and leading to the accumulation of genetic mutations that contribute to cancer progression.
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To overcome the limitations of phase sampling points in testing aspherical surface wavefronts using traditional interferometers, we propose a high-spatial-resolution method based on multi-directional orthogonal lateral shearing interferometry. In this study, we provide a detailed description of the methodology, which includes the theoretical foundations and experimental setup, along with the results from simulations and experiments. By establishing a relational model between the multi-directional differential wavefront and differential Zernike polynomials, we demonstrate high-spatial-resolution wavefront reconstruction using multi-directional orthogonal lateral shearing interferometry.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on monitoring microvascular calcification (MC) to better understand health conditions like drug abuse and chronic diseases.* -
  • A new technique called time-resolved photoacoustic microscopy (TR-PAM) is developed, which effectively observes changes in blood vessel elasticity due to calcium build-up.* -
  • Validation through experiments on both phantoms and animal models shows TR-PAM's potential as an advanced method for assessing microvascular health, aiding in disease prediction and monitoring.*
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Background: Early treatment of mandibular advancement device (MAD) reverses the abnormal changes resulting from obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), but the underlying mechanism is not clear. We analysed the changes of genioglossus function before and after MAD treatment in OSA rabbits and explored the mechanism of mitochondrial autophagy.

Methods: Eighteen male New Zealand rabbits were randomised into three groups: the control group, Group OSA, and Group MAD.

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Background: Nutritional status, systemic inflammatory responses and muscle mass are associated with the prognosis of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, the optimal biomarker for predicting prognosis remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the optimal indicators of survival among the nutrition-based, inflammation-based and muscle mass-related markers for ALS patients.

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Background: Epilepsy is a non-communicable chronic brain disease that affects all age groups. There are approximately 50 million epilepsy patients worldwide, which is one of the most common neurological disorder. This study reports the time trends in the burden of epilepsy from 1999 to 2019.

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  • Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer mortality, and many patients do not respond to current immunotherapy treatments, highlighting the urgent need for predictive biomarkers.
  • This research investigates the use of radiological data combined with machine learning to identify significant biomarkers by analyzing clinical and CT imaging data from 54 HCC patients undergoing immunotherapy.
  • A variety of machine learning techniques were employed to create a model that successfully predicts short-term treatment efficacy, with validated results indicating that specific imaging features are strong indicators of patient response to immunotherapy.
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  • The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combining hypofractionated radiotherapy, SOX chemotherapy, and anti-PD-1 antibodies in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) who had not responded to initial chemotherapy.
  • Results showed that among 25 enrolled patients, the median progression-free survival (mPFS) was 5.48 months, and the median overall survival (mOS) was 6.57 months, with 69.5% achieving disease control.
  • The study noted that reductions in serum CA19-9 levels during treatment and certain inflammatory markers could serve as potential indicators for better clinical outcomes in these patients.
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Article Synopsis
  • Metastatic pancreatic cancer (mPC) has a very poor prognosis, leading to a clinical trial testing the combination of penpulimab and anlotinib with nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine (PAAG) as a first-line treatment.
  • The trial showed promising results, with an objective response rate (ORR) of 50% and a disease control rate (DCR) of 95.5% among the 66 patients analyzed, along with median progression-free survival (mPFS) of 8.8 months and overall survival (mOS) of 13.7 months.
  • The study also identified specific biomarkers that could predict treatment efficacy, and while the combination was
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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) had a high prevalence in the population. Whether OSA increases the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unknown. Our aim was to clarify this issue using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis in a large cohort.

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Introduction/aims: Previous studies have suggested that treatments targeting the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) may play a role in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, factors impacting repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS), a technique to evaluate NMJ function, have yet to be fully elucidated. We aimed to identify independent factors contributing to the decremental response of the accessory nerve and evaluated its value in ALS clinical practice.

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Background: Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a serious and potentially life-threatening disease. Mandibular advancement device (MAD) has the characteristics of non-invasive, comfortable, portable and low-cost, making it the preferred treatment for mild-to-moderate OSAHS. Our previous studies found that abnormal contractility and fibre type distribution of the genioglossus could be caused by OSAHS.

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Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease, which leads to muscle weakness and eventual paralysis. Numerous studies have indicated that mitophagy and immune inflammation have a significant impact on the onset and advancement of ALS. Nevertheless, the possible diagnostic and prognostic significance of mitophagy-related genes associated with immune infiltration in ALS is uncertain.

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It is generally recognized that tumor cells proliferate more rapidly than normal cells. Due to such an abnormally rapid proliferation rate, cancer cells constantly encounter the limits of insufficient oxygen and nutrient supplies. To satisfy their growth needs and resist adverse environmental events, tumor cells modify the metabolic pathways to produce both extra energies and substances required for rapid growth.

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High-entropy oxides (HEOs) exhibit abundant structural diversity due to cationic and anionic sublattices with independence, rendering them superior in catalytic applications compared to monometallic oxides. Nevertheless, the conventional high-temperature calcination approach undermines the porosity and reduces the exposure of active sites (such as oxygen vacancies, OVs) in HEOs, leading to diminished catalytic efficiency. Herein, we fabricate a series of HEOs with a large surface area utilizing a microenvironment modulation strategy (m-NiMgCuZnCo: 86 m/g, m-MnCuCoNiFe: 67 m/g, and m-FeCrCoNiMn: 54 m/g).

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Background: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma carries a grim prognosis, and there are few recognized effective second-line treatment strategies. We attempted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination of S-1, sintilimab, and anlotinib as a second-line treatment in pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastasis.

Methods: Pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases were recruited.

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Immune checkpoint inhibitors have limited efficacy in metastatic pancreatic cancer due to the complex tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Studies have shown that radiotherapy can cause cell lesions to release tumor antigens and then take part in the remodeling of the tumor environment and the induction of ectopic effects regional and systemic immunoregulation. Here, we reported a case of advanced metastatic pancreatic cancer treated with immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and a sharp shift of the TIME from T3 to T2 was also observed.

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Currently, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have no effective treatments. Drug repurposing offers a rapid method to meet therapeutic need for ALS and FTD. To identify therapeutic targets associated with ALS and FTD, Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis and colocalization were performed.

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Barley germination under ultraviolet B (UV-B) illumination stress induces effective accumulation of phenolic compounds in the barley. Spermidine can enhance the biosynthesis of phenolic compounds and alleviate the oxidative damage caused by UV-B. To better understand the function of spermidine, inhibitors of enzymes that are involved in the degradation of spermidine and the synthesis of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the product of spermidine degradation, were applied to barley germinated under UV-B treatment.

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Background: Previous studies have assessed the association between antidiabetic drugs and stroke risk, but the results are inconsistent. Mendelian randomization (MR) was used to assess effects of antidiabetic drugs on stroke risk.

Methods: We selected blood glucose-lowering variants in genes encoding antidiabetic drugs targets from genome-wide association studies (GWAS).

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