Black tea waste/iron slag reactive filter media-electrokinetic for mixed heavy metals treatment from contaminated site.

Electrokinetic (EK) remediation is a cutting-edge technique used for extracting heavy metals from soils by applying an electric field. This study explores the integration of EK remediation with reactive filtration media (RFM) composed of recycled waste materials of powder iron slag/black tea waste (PIS/BTW) and granular iron slag/black tea waste (GIS/BTW) to improve the removal efficiency of single and mixed heavy metals from kaolinite and natural soils. Results demonstrated that PIS/BTW significantly outperformed GIS/BTW in heavy metal extraction, achieving 98.

Perfluorooctanoic acid-contaminated wastewater treatment by forward osmosis: Performance analysis.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a persistent compound, raising considerable global apprehension due to its resistance to breakdown and detrimental impacts on human health and aquatic environments. Pressure-driven membrane technologies treating PFAS-contaminated water are expensive and prone to fouling. This study presented a parametric investigation of the effectiveness of cellulose triacetate membrane in the forward osmosis (FO) membrane for removing PFOA from an aqueous solution.