New insights on the impact of light, photoperiod and temperature on the reproduction of green algae Ulva prolifera via transcriptomics and physiological analyses.

Ulva prolifera, a key species in China's massive green tides, is widely used in aquaculture, biofuel, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. In this study, we cultured U. prolifera under 100, 200, and 400 μmol m s with 10:14 and 12:12 light/dark at 15 °C and 25 °C, respectively, to investigate the effectiveness of light intensity, photoperiod, and temperature on the reproduction cell formation, oxidative status, photosynthesis on this species, as well as the related genes from transcriptomic perspective.

Effects of photoperiod on the growth and physiological responses in Ulva prolifera under constant and diurnal temperature difference conditions.

Photoperiod and temperature are two main factors in the growth of macroalgae, and changes in photoperiod and diurnal temperature difference exist in natural condition. In order to study the effects of photoperiod and diurnal temperature difference on the growth of green algae Ulva prolifera, we cultured this species under three light/dark cycles (light: dark = 10:14, 12:12 and 16:08) with constant (22 °C for light and dark period, noted as 22-22 °C) and diurnal temperature difference (22 °C and 16 °C for light and dark period, respectively, noted as 22-16 °C) conditions. The results showed that: 1) Compared with 10:14 light/dark cycle, the growth of U.

Effects of salinity on the performance, microbial community, and functional genes among 4-chlorophenol wastewater treatment.

Chlorophenols frequently occur alongside salinity in industrial wastewater; thus, the effects of low concentrations of salinity (NaCl, 100 mg/L) on sludge performance, microbial community, and functional genes were deeply analyzed among 4-chlorophenol (4-CP, 2.4-4.0 mg/L) wastewater treatment.

Enhancement of growth in Ulva prolifera by diurnal temperature difference combined with nitrogen enrichment.

Many studies have documented the responses of Ulva prolifera to environmental factors. However, the diurnal temperature differences and interactive effects of eutrophication are usually ignored. In this study, we selected U.

Effects of combined 4-chlorophenol and Cu on functional genes for nitrogen and phosphorus removal and heavy metal resistance genes in sequencing batch bioreactors.

The effects of combined 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and Cu on microbial community structures, functional genes for nitrogen and phosphorus removal, and heavy metal resistance genes (HMRGs) were explored in wastewater treatment using sequencing batch bioreactors (SBRs). Compared to influent 4-CP (2.3-4.

Effects of humic acid on sludge performance, antibiotics resistance genes propagation and functional genes expression during Cu(II)-containing wastewater treatment via metagenomics analysis.

The humic acid (HA) function on the sludge performance, antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) propagation and functional genes expression during Cu(II)-containing wastewater treatment was comprehensively investigated via metagenomics analysis. Results showed that the pollutants removal was significantly inhibited after long-term exposure of 5 mg/L Cu(II), while the inhibitory effects were moderately alleviated after addition of 10 mg/L HA. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production with Cu(II) acclimation was higher than the sludge with Cu(II) and HA acclimation.

Photophysiological responses of the marine macroalga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis to ocean acidification and warming.

To study the combined effects of ocean acidification (OA) and warming on the growth and photosynthetic performance of the economically important marine macroalga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, thalli were grown under ambient low CO (390 μatm, LC) and elevated high CO (1000 μatm, HC) conditions with culture temperatures of 20 °C and 24 °C. Based on the evaluation of growth and photosynthetic responses to light and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), HC decreased the growth rate and phycoerythrin (PE) and phycocyanin (PC) levels but increased contents of UV-absorbing compounds (UVACs) in G. lemaneiformis at 20 °C, and high temperature counteracted these effects.

Long-term alkaline conditions inhibit the relative abundances of tetracycline resistance genes in saline 4-chlorophenol wastewater treatment.

Considering the occurrence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) pose significant risks to public health, the effects of long-term exposure to alkaline conditions on the relative abundances of tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs) were studied in saline 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) wastewater treatment. Alkaline conditions were maintained by supplying the co-metabolic carbon source of sodium acetate. Results showed that except for the 4-CP, the removal of pollutants was significantly inhibited, and the relative abundances of the most TRGs were repressed.

Application of humic acid changes the microbial communities and inhibits the expression of tetracycline resistance genes in 4-chlorophenol wastewater treatment.

The occurrence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are concerns that have threatened public health for many years. However, the effects of humic acid (HA) application on the expression of ARGs in chlorophenols wastewater treatment are rarely reported. In this study, we investigated the sludge performance, including the removal of pollutants, changes in the microbial communities, and the expression of tetracycline resistance genes (TRGs), to explore the function of HA in 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) wastewater treatment at different HA concentrations.

Darkness and low nighttime temperature modulate the growth and photosynthetic performance of Ulva prolifera under lower salinity.

In order to understand how darkness/irradiance and low nighttime temperature might alter physiology of Ulva prolifera under lower salinity conditions, we analyzed the growth rates, water content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total soluble proteins (SPs) and carbohydrates content at the end of dark and light period under three temperature levels (25-25 °C treatment: 25 °C for day and night; 15-15 °C treatment: 15 °C for day and night; 25-15 °C treatment: 25 °C for day with 15 °C for night) and two salinity conditions (15, 25), meanwhile, the pigment content (chlorophyll a and b), chlorophyll fluorescence and photosynthetic oxygen evolution also were determined during light phase. We found that the U. prolifera showed higher growth rate and SOD activity during dark phase at 25 °C, but this dark-induced increase could not be observed at 15 °C.

Functional responses of smaller and larger diatoms to gradual CO rise.

Diatoms and other phytoplankton groups are exposed to abrupt changes in pCO, in waters in upwelling areas, near CO seeps, or during their blooms; or to more gradual pCO rise through anthropogenic CO emissions. Gradual CO rises have, however, rarely been included in ocean acidification (OA) studies. We therefore compared how small (Thalassiosira pseudonana) and larger (Thalassiosira weissflogii) diatom cell isolates respond to gradual pCO rises from 180 to 1000 μatm in steps of ~40 μatm with 5-10 generations at each step, and whether their responses to gradual pCO rise differ when compared to an abrupt pCO rise imposed from ambient 400 directly to 1000 μatm.

Salinity mediates the effects of nitrogen enrichment on the growth, photosynthesis, and biochemical composition of Ulva prolifera.

To study the combined effects of multiple nitrogen (N) sources and salinity on the growth and physiology on macroalgae, we cultured Ulva prolifera under three N levels (N, 0.1235 mg L; N, 0.6 mg L; and N, 4.

Dynamic metabolic profiles of the marine macroalga Ulva prolifera during fragmentation-induced proliferation.

Ulva prolifera, a type of marine macroalgae, is the causative species behind green tides mainly in the Yellow Sea and adjacent regions. Nevertheless, it can be used as food or animal feed in South China. The vegetative fragments of U.

Effects of 4-chlorophenol toxicity on sludge performance and microbial community in sequencing batch reactors.

In this study, the effects of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) influent concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 mg L on sludge toxicity, enzymatic activity and microbial community, along with their correlations, were investigated in a sequencing batch bioreactor (SBR), which was defined as the acclimated SBR. Another SBR was set as a control group that did not receive the influent 4-CP. The results showed that the sludge toxicity increased as the influent 4-CP increased, exhibiting a positive correlation with 4-CP loads.

Comparative proteomic analysis of response to high temperature stress.

Background: belongs to green macroalgae and is the dominant species of green tide. It is distributed worldwide and is therefore subject to high-temperature stress during the growth process. However, the adaptation mechanisms of the response of to high temperatures have not been clearly investigated yet.

Photoperiod mediates the effects of elevated CO on the growth and physiological performance in the green tide alga Ulva prolifera.

Ulva spp., an increasingly important food, are the dominant species of the large-scale green tides. In this study, both the growth and the physiological responses of the Ulva prolifera were studied after cultured in three different light and dark regimes (12:12, 14:10 and 16:8-h light/dark) in combination with current (420 μatm; LC) and increased (1000 μatm; HC) levels of atmospheric CO.

Effects of 4-chlorophenol wastewater treatment on sludge acute toxicity, microbial diversity and functional genes expression in an activated sludge process.

In this study, the effects of 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) wastewater treatment on sludge acute toxicity of luminescent bacteria, microbial diversity and functional genes expression of Pseudomonas were explored. Results showed that in the entire operational process, the sludge acute toxicity acclimated by 4-CP in a sequencing batch bioreactor (SBR) was significantly higher than the control SBR without 4-CP. The dominant phyla in acclimated SBR were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes, which also existed in control SBR.

Effects of carbon sources on sludge performance and microbial community for 4-chlorophenol wastewater treatment in sequencing batch reactors.

Considering carbon sources are often supplied to satisfy the removal of high nitrogen and refractory pollutants in industrial wastewater, two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were used in this study to treat 1.5 ± 0.5 mg/L 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) wastewater containing ammonium nitrogen and phosphate with different carbon sources.

Integration of deep transcriptome and proteome analyses of salicylic acid regulation high temperature stress in Ulva prolifera.

To investigate changes in transcript and relative protein levels in response to salicylic acid regulation of the thermotolerance in U. prolifera, complementary transcriptome and proteome analyses were performed with U. prolifera grown at 35 °C (UpHT) and with the addition of SA at high temperature (UpSHT).

Hybrid de novo genome assembly of the Chinese herbal fleabane Erigeron breviscapus.

The plants in the Erigeron genus of the Compositae (Asteraceae) family are commonly called fleabanes, possibly due to the belief that certain chemicals in these plants repel fleas. In the traditional Chinese medicine, Erigeron breviscapus , which is native to China, was widely used in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease. A handful of bioactive compounds, including scutellarin, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, have been isolated from the plant.

Ocean acidification modulates expression of genes and physiological performance of a marine diatom.

Ocean Acidification (OA) is known to affect various aspects of physiological performances of diatoms, but little is known about the underlining molecular mechanisms involved. Here, we show that in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, the expression of key genes associated with photosynthetic light harvesting as well as those encoding Rubisco, carbonic anhydrase, NADH dehydrogenase and nitrite reductase, are modulated by OA (1000 μatm, pHnbs 7.83).

Light-modulated responses of growth and photosynthetic performance to ocean acidification in the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum.

Ocean acidification (OA) due to atmospheric CO2 rise is expected to influence marine primary productivity. In order to investigate the interactive effects of OA and light changes on diatoms, we grew Phaeodactylum tricornutum, under ambient (390 ppmv; LC) and elevated CO2 (1000 ppmv; HC) conditions for 80 generations, and measured its physiological performance under different light levels (60 µmol m(-2) s(-1), LL; 200 µmol m(-2) s(-1), ML; 460 µmol m(-2) s(-1), HL) for another 25 generations. The specific growth rate of the HC-grown cells was higher (about 12-18%) than that of the LC-grown ones, with the highest under the ML level.