Comparison of Conventional Anesthesia Nurse Education and an Artificial Intelligence Chatbot (ChatGPT) Intervention on Preoperative Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot (ChatGPT-3.5, OpenAI) on preoperative anxiety reduction and patient satisfaction in adult patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia.

Design: The study used a single-blind, randomized controlled trial design.

Comparison of direct intra-arterial pressure and ClearSight finger cuff arterial pressure measurements in elderly patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the agreement between direct intra-arterial pressure and ClearSight finger cuff arterial pressure measurements in elderly patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Hitachi General Hospital, Japan, involving 30 patients aged 65 years and older who underwent TAVR under general anesthesia. Intra-arterial pressure and finger cuff arterial pressure measurements were recorded for 30 min after valve deployment.

Noninvasive cardiac output measurements are inaccurate in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation.

Background: Noninvasive cardiac output (CO) measured using ClearSight™ eliminates the need for intra-arterial catheter insertion. The purpose of this study was to examine the accuracy of non-invasive CO measurement in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis (AS).

Methods: Twenty-eight patients undergoing elective transcatheter aortic valve implantation were prospectively enrolled in this study.

Usefulness of laparoscopic surgery and preoperative examinations for chronic recurrent small bowel obstruction.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of laparoscopic surgery for patients with postoperative abdominal symptoms, including chronic recurrent small-bowel obstruction (SBO), and preoperative examinations of barium follow-through and computed tomography (CT) to predict the postoperative outcomes of laparoscopic surgery.

Methods: Between 2016 and 2018, 49 patients with postoperative symptoms were treated by laparoscopic surgery at our institute. The data from two preoperative examinations were available for 42 patients.

Association of surfactant protein D with pulmonary metastases from colon cancer.

Surfactant protein D (SP-D) is a member of the collectin family of proteins, which is secreted by airway epithelial cells. SP-D serves an important role in the immune system and in the inflammatory regulation of the lung. SP-D was recently found to suppress lung cancer progression by downregulating epidermal growth factor signaling.

Transesophageal echocardiography in robot-assisted mitral valve repair for Barlow's disease: usefulness for predicting artificial ring size and artificial chordae length using the loop technique.

Background: There is no fully recommended methodology for surgery for Barlow's disease. Various methods have been proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) measurements for selecting the optimal annuloplasty ring size and determining the length of artificial chordae in patients with Barlow's disease who underwent robot-assisted mitral valvuloplasty (R-MVP).

Heterochronous Suture Line Recurrences in the Jejunal Pouch following Total Gastrectomy for Stage II Gastric Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review.

We report the case of a 65-year-old male who developed heterochronous local recurrences of gastric cancer in the jejunal pouch (J-pouch) four times after total gastrectomy. He underwent total gastrectomy, J-pouch, and Roux-en-Y reconstruction for stage II gastric cancer in 2005. Four local recurrences appeared on the esophago-jejunal anastomosis, the suture line within the pouch, the esophago-jejunal anastomosis, and the anastomosis between the jejunum and Y-loop, which were resected by partial excision or endoscopic submucosal dissection.

The Efficacy of PTGBD for Acute Cholecystitis Based on the Tokyo Guidelines 2018.

Backgrounds: We usually performed percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage (PTGBD) for moderate and severe acute cholecystitis (AC) prior to cholecystectomy. But, the validity of preoperative drainage for AC is still controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of PTGBD for moderate and severe AC, based on the Tokyo Guidelines 2018.

Laparoscopic surgery to treat leiomyosarcomas of the sigmoid colon:a case report and literature review.

Background: Leiomyosarcomas (LMSs) of the colon are extremely rare and highly aggressive. Although treatment of gastrointestinal LMS is not standardized, surgical resection is generally performed. The fact that the tumors are usually large at the time of diagnosis may explain why no report on laparoscopic resection of a colonic LMS has appeared.

Short-term and midterm outcomes of single-incision laparoscopic surgery for right-sided colon cancer.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to clarify the usefulness of SILS for right-sided colon cancer by evaluating the short-term and midterm outcomes.

Methods: Between 2012 and 2017, 65 selected patients with right-sided colon cancer underwent ileocecal resection, right hemicolectomy, or transverse colectomy; all were enrolled in the study. The same well-trained surgeon performed each procedure by using a multi-instrument access port with three channels, which was placed at the umbilicus via an approximately 3-cm skin incision.

Needlescopic versus conventional laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer ~a comparative study~.

Objectives: This study set out to determine whether Needlescopic surgery (NS) produces comparable surgical outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) compared to conventional multi-port laparoscopic surgery (MPS).

Methods: We used the five-port method with a 3.5 cm umbilical incision for extraction and reconstruction during MPS for CRC.

Smoking is a risk factor for pulmonary metastasis in colorectal cancer.

Aim: The hepatic microenvironment, which may include chronic inflammation and fibrosis, is considered to contribute to the pathogenesis of liver metastases of colorectal cancer. A similar mechanism is anticipated for pulmonary metastases, although no reports are available. Smoking causes pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis.

Is preoperative spirometry a predictive marker for postoperative complications after colorectal cancer surgery?

Background: Spirometry is a basic test that provides much information about pulmonary function; it is performed preoperatively in almost all patients undergoing colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery in our hospital. However, the value of spirometry as a preoperative test for CRC surgery remains unknown. The aim of this study was to determine whether spirometry is useful to predict postoperative complications (PCs) after CRC surgery.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score predicts hematological toxicity of chemotherapy including irinotecan for colorectal cancer.

Liver dysfunction that may affect drug metabolism is a major concern in patients treated with chemotherapy. Thus, assessment of the degree of liver dysfunction is crucial for predicting the adverse events of chemotherapy. The non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) is a non-invasive clinical scoring system constructed from routine clinical and laboratory variables.

The Worse Prognosis of Right-Sided Compared with Left-Sided Colon Cancers: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Right-sided colon cancers (RCC) and left-sided colon cancers (LCC) are of different embryological origins, and various differences exist between them. However, the survival difference has not been assessed. The aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the prognostic differences between RCC and LCC.

Transanal drainage tube placement to prevent anastomotic leakage following colorectal cancer surgery with double stapling reconstruction.

Purpose: Anastomotic leakage (AL) is a critical complication of colorectal cancer surgery. The transanal drainage tube (TDT) is designed to prevent AL caused by decompression and stasis at the anastomosis. We conducted this study to investigate the feasibility of using the TDT to prevent AL following double-stapling technique reconstruction (DST).

Self-Expanding Metallic Stents Versus Surgical Intervention as Palliative Therapy for Obstructive Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis.

Background: Although self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) are useful tools for relieving large bowel obstructions in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), their efficacy in a palliative setting has not been validated. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the feasibility of SEMS as a palliation for unresectable CRC patients with bowel obstructions and to determine their contribution to the prognosis of CRC, compared with surgical intervention.

Methods: We conducted a literature search of the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases.

Li+ ionic diffusion and vacancy ordering in beta-LiGa.

7Li and 71Ga NMR measurements have been performed to study the Li+ ionic motion and vacancy ordering in the lithium semimetal beta-LiGa. The temperature dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation rate, T1(-1) of the 7Li nuclei in the 50 atom% Li sample shows an asymmetric broad peak around 175 K and is interpreted in terms of fast Li ionic diffusion. The activation energy of hopping is estimated as 0.

Size and orientation of masticatory muscles in patients with mandibular laterognathism.

Size measurements of jaw muscles reflect their force capabilities and correlate with facial morphology. Using MRI, we examined the size and orientation of jaw muscles in patients with mandibular laterognathism in comparison with a control group. We hypothesized that the muscles of the deviated side would be smaller than those of the non-deviated side, and that the muscles of both sides would be smaller than in controls.

In vivo cross-sectional area of human jaw muscles varies with section location and jaw position.

Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) is used as a measure for maximum muscle force. This CSA is commonly determined at one location within the muscle and for one jaw position. The purpose of this study was to establish a method to standardize the analysis of the CSA of the masticatory muscles in vivo, and to compare the CSAs along their entire length for two different jaw positions (opened and closed).

Volume changes in human masticatory muscles between jaw closing and opening.

Most jaw muscles are complex, multipennate with multiple components. The morphologic heterogeneity of masticatory muscles reflects their functions. We hypothesized that the volume of masticatory muscles changes between jaw closing and opening, and that there is a difference in the volume change among the muscles.

[Effects of exogenous adenosine on myocardial recovery after acute hemorrhage].

This study was designed to investigate whether reperfusion with adenosine had an effect on myocardial high energy phosphate levels and cardiac function in hearts extracted from acutely hemorrhaged rats. Rats were bled to a mean arterial pressure of 0 mmHg for 5, 10 or 15 minutes and hearts were removed and assigned to one of three groups: 1) Hearts freeze clamped for measuring high energy phosphates; 2) Hearts perfused by Langendorff method at a constant perfusion pressure of 90 mmHg for 30 minutes followed by freeze clamping and determining high energy phosphates and; 3) Hearts perfused with adenosine (20 microM) and treated in the same way as in group 2. In group 1 myocardial ATP was significantly reduced as compared with control.