Calcium Superphosphate-Mediated Reshaping of Denitrifying Bacteria Community Contributed to NO Mitigation in Pig Manure Windrow Composting.

Composting is recognized as an effective strategy for the sustainable use of organic wastes, but also as an important emission source of nitrous oxide (NO) contributing to global warming. The effects of calcium superphosphate (CaSSP) on NO production during composting are reported to be controversial, and the intrinsic microbial mechanism remains unclear. Here, a pig manure windrow composting experiment lasting for ~60 days was performed to evaluate the effects of CaSSP amendment (5%, /) on NO fluxes in situ, and to determine the denitrifiers' response, and their driving factors.

Climatic role of terrestrial ecosystem under elevated CO : a bottom-up greenhouse gases budget.

The net balance of greenhouse gas (GHG) exchanges between terrestrial ecosystems and the atmosphere under elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO ) remains poorly understood. Here, we synthesise 1655 measurements from 169 published studies to assess GHGs budget of terrestrial ecosystems under elevated CO . We show that elevated CO significantly stimulates plant C pool (NPP) by 20%, soil CO fluxes by 24%, and methane (CH ) fluxes by 34% from rice paddies and by 12% from natural wetlands, while it slightly decreases CH uptake of upland soils by 3.

Microbial Abundances Predict Methane and Nitrous Oxide Fluxes from a Windrow Composting System.

Manure composting is a significant source of atmospheric methane (CH) and nitrous oxide (NO) that are two potent greenhouse gases. The CH and NO fluxes are mediated by methanogens and methanotrophs, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in composting manure, respectively, while these specific bacterial functional groups may interplay in CH and NO emissions during manure composting. To test the hypothesis that bacterial functional gene abundances regulate greenhouse gas fluxes in windrow composting systems, CH and NO fluxes were simultaneously measured using the chamber method, and molecular techniques were used to quantify the abundances of CH-related functional genes ( and genes) and NO-related functional genes (, , , , , and genes).

A meta-analysis of fertilizer-induced soil NO and combined NO+N O emissions.

Soils are among the important sources of atmospheric nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N O), acting as a critical role in atmospheric chemistry. Updated data derived from 114 peer-reviewed publications with 520 field measurements were synthesized using meta-analysis procedure to examine the N fertilizer-induced soil NO and the combined NO+N O emissions across global soils. Besides factors identified in earlier reviews, additional factors responsible for NO fluxes were fertilizer type, soil C/N ratio, crop residue incorporation, tillage, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, drought and biomass burning.

Linking N2O emission from biochar-amended composting process to the abundance of denitrify (nirK and nosZ) bacteria community.

Manure composting has been recognized as an important anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide (N2O) contributing to global warming. However, biochar effect on N2O emissions from manure composting is rarely evaluated, especially by linking it to abundance of denitrifying bacteria community. Results of this study indicated that biochar amendment significantly reduced N2O emissions from manure composting, primarily due to suppression of the nirK gene abundance of denitrifying bacteria.

Response of nitric and nitrous oxide fluxes to N fertilizer application in greenhouse vegetable cropping systems in southeast China.

It is of great concern worldwide that active nitrogenous gases in the global nitrogen cycle contribute to regional and global-scale environmental issues. Nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO) are generally interrelated in soil nitrogen biogeochemical cycles, while few studies have simultaneously examined these two gases emission from typical croplands. Field experiments were conducted to measure N2O and NO fluxes in response to chemical N fertilizer application in annual greenhouse vegetable cropping systems in southeast China.