Publications by authors named "Yafen Zhu"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to analyze how different archwire sizes and lever arm lengths affect tooth movement during en-masse retraction in lingual orthodontics.
  • Different archwires with specific dimensions and extra torques were tested, and various lever arm lengths were used to exert a consistent force of 1.5N.
  • Results showed that thicker archwires and longer lever arms improved the control and effectiveness of moving anterior teeth while also influencing the positioning of posterior teeth.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study investigates the role of DNA methylation in orofacial pain caused by tooth movement in rats, focusing on changes in DNA methylation in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) associated with pain.
  • Using techniques like reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS), the researchers identified numerous differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and significant pathways linked to pain, including those connected to the nervous and sensory systems.
  • Overall, findings suggest that specific genes related to pain display altered methylation patterns, potentially offering insights into the biological mechanisms of orofacial pain during orthodontic treatment.
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Background: Trigeminal ganglion (TG) plays an important role in the process of orthodontic pain. It's necessary to design an accurate, precise and minimally invasive trigeminal ganglion injection guide plate to study TG.

Methods: Micro-CT was used to obtain the Dicom format data, and three-dimensional (3D) software (mimics and magics23.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Neuropeptides are crucial in regulating pain and inflammation, particularly in the trigeminal system, but there's a lack of systematic research on their roles in orofacial pain modulation.
  • - This review focuses on key neuropeptides like CGRP, substance P, and opioid peptides, highlighting their functions, mechanisms, and potential as treatment targets for orofacial pain.
  • - Findings show that different neuropeptides have varying effects on orofacial pain, with some promoting pain (like CGRP and substance P) and others providing relief (like opioid peptides and galanin).
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In Arabidopsis thaliana, the female gametophyte consists of two synergid cells, an egg cell, a diploid central cell, and three antipodal cells. CYTOKININ INDEPENDENT 1 (CKI1), a histidine kinase constitutively activating the cytokinin signaling pathway, specifies the central cell and restricts the egg cell. However, the mechanism regulating CKI1-dependent central cell specification is largely unknown.

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Introduction: This study aimed to compare the designed and achieved mesiodistal angulation of maxillary canines and posterior teeth (MCPT) for first premolar extraction with clear aligner treatment and identify the main influencing factors for preventing MCPT tipping toward the extraction space.

Methods: A total of 21 adults with first premolar extraction were recruited. The designed and achieved tooth movement of MCPT was measured by superimposing their respective pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography images and compared with the designed tooth movement in ClinCheck using the paired t test and scatter plot analysis.

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Shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) homeostasis is tightly regulated by CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-related (CLE) peptide signaling. However, the intracellular signaling components after CLV3 is perceived by the CLV1-CLV3-INSENSITIVE KINASE (CIK) receptor complex and CLE25/26/45 are sensed by the BARELY ANY MERISTEM (BAM)-CIK receptor complex are unknown. Here, we report that PBS1-LIKE34/35/36 (PBL34/35/36), a clade of receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases, are required for both CLV3-mediated signaling in the SAM and CLE25/26/45-mediated signaling in the RAM.

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Exogenous application of CLAVATA3 (CLV3)/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (CLE) peptides suppresses protophloem differentiation and leads to the consumption of the proximal root meristem. However, the exact CLE peptides and the corresponding receptor complex regulating protophloem differentiation have not yet been clarified. Through expression pattern and phylogenetic analyses, CLE25/26/45 were identified as candidate peptides.

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The embryonic cuticle integrity is critical for the embryo to separate from the neighboring endosperm. The sulfated TWISTED SEED1 (TWS1) peptide precursor generated in the embryo diffuses through gaps of the nascent cuticle to the surrounding endosperm, where it is cleaved by ABNORMAL LEAF SHAPE1 (ALE1) and becomes an active mature form. The active TWS1 is perceived by receptor-like protein kinases GASSHO1 (GSO1) and GSO2 in the embryonic epidermal cells to start the downstream signaling and guide the formation of an intact embryonic cuticle.

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Introduction: The objective of this research was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of microabrasion and resin infiltration for white spot lesions (WSLs).

Methods: Patients with postorthodontic WSLs were enrolled and randomly assigned to the control, microabrasion, and resin-infiltration groups. Intraoral photographs were taken before and after (6 months later) treatment.

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The nerve growth factor (NGF) plays an important role in the regulation of neuropathic pain. It has been demonstrated that calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a well-known contributor to neurogenic inflammation, increases neuroinflammatory pain induced by NGF. The inflammatory mediator that NGF most strongly induces is C-C chemokine ligand 19 (CCL19), which can recruit inflammatory cells by binding to the receptor CCR7 followed by promoting the response of neuroinflammation.

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The shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) act as pools of stem cells that give rise to aboveground and underground tissues and organs in higher plants, respectively. The CLAVATA3 (CLV3)-WUSCHEL (WUS) negative-feedback loop acts as a core pathway controlling SAM homeostasis, while CLV3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION (ESR) 40 (CLE40) and WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5 (WOX5), homologs of CLV3 and WUS, direct columella stem cell fate. Moreover, CLV3 INSENSITIVE KINASES (CIKs) have been shown to be essential for maintaining SAM homeostasis, whereas whether they regulate the distal root meristem remains to be elucidated.

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Objectives: To investigate the effect and mechanism of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNT/A) in the modulation of orofacial nociception induced by orthodontic tooth movement in rats.

Methods: An orofacial nociception model was established in male Sprague-Dawley rats by ligating closed-coil springs between incisors and ipsilateral molars. There were two group sets of animals.

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Generation of the root greatly benefits higher plants living on land. Continuous root growth and development are achieved by the root apical meristem, which acts as a reservoir of stem cells. The stem cells, on the one hand, constantly renew themselves through cell division.

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Appropriate cell division and differentiation ensure normal anther development in angiosperms. BARELY ANY MERISTEM 1/2 (BAM1/2) and RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE2 (RPK2), two groups of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases, are required for early anther cell specification. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying these two RLK-mediated signaling pathways.

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Continuous organ initiation and outgrowth in plants relies on the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells maintained by the CLAVATA (CLV)-WUSCHEL (WUS) negative-feedback loop. Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinases (LRR-RLKs), including CLV1, BARELY ANY MERISTEMS and RECEPTOR-LIKE PROTEIN KINASE 2 (RPK2), a receptor-like protein CLV2 and a pseudokinase CORYNE (CRN) are involved in the perception of the CLV3 signal to repress WUS expression. WUS, a homeodomain transcription factor, in turn directly activates CLV3 expression and promotes stem cell activity in the shoot apical meristem.

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Introduction: The objective of this 2-arm parallel trial was to compare the survival times, failure rates, and comfort of 2 clear overlay retainers with different thicknesses (0.75 and 1.00 mm).

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Article Synopsis
  • Recent research indicates that static magnetic fields (SMF) can help alleviate pain under various conditions, including after tooth movement in mice.
  • The study involved different groups of male mice exposed to SMF and monitored pain levels using the Mouse Grimace Scale over 14 days, revealing peak pain at 3 days followed by a decrease.
  • Findings suggest that SMF not only reduced pain levels significantly at certain points but also led to lower expression of P2X3 receptors in the trigeminal ganglion, indicating a potential mechanism for its analgesic effect.
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Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of oral appliances (OAs) for managing patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CENTRAL and SIGLE were electronically searched from January 1980 to September 2015 for randomized or nonrandomized controlled trials that assessed the effectiveness of OAs on OSAS. The processes of study search, selection, data extraction, assessment of risk of bias and evaluation of evidence quality were conducted independently by two reviewer authors.

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Objective: To systematically investigate review in literature the effects of the Herbst appliance for patients with Class II malocclusion patients.

Method: We performed a comprehensive literature survey on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, CENTRAL, SIGLE, and ClinicalTrial.gov up to December 2014.

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