PRL1 interacts with and stabilizes RPA2A to regulate carbon deprivation-induced senescence in Arabidopsis.

Leaf senescence is a developmental program regulated by both endogenous and environmental cues. Abiotic stresses such as nutrient deprivation can induce premature leaf senescence, which profoundly impacts plant growth and crop yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying stress-induced senescence are not fully understood.

SPFS: SNR peak-based frequency selection method to alleviate resolution degradation in MPI real-time imaging.

. The primary objective of this study is to address the reconstruction time challenge in magnetic particle imaging (MPI) by introducing a novel approach named SNR-peak-based frequency selection (SPFS). The focus is on improving spatial resolution without compromising reconstruction speed, thereby enhancing the clinical potential of MPI for real-time imaging.

Relative cue precision and prior knowledge contribute to the preference of proximal and distal landmarks in human orientation.

A prevailing argument posits that distal landmarks dominate over proximal landmarks as orientation cues. However, no studies have tested this argument or examined the underlying mechanisms. This project aimed to close this gap by examining the roles of relative cue precision and prior knowledge in cue preference.

Combination of time domain-system matrix and x-space methods to reconstruct magnetic particle images with isotropic resolution.

. Imaging of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles based on their non-linear response to alternating magnetic fields shows promise for imaging cells and vasculature in healthy and diseased tissue. Such imaging can be achieved through x-space reconstruction typically along a unidirectional Cartesian trajectory, which rapidly convolutes the particle distribution with a 'anisotropic blurring' point spread function (PSF), leading to images with anisotropic resolution.

Interaction of PALE CRESS with PAP2/pTAC2 and PAP3/pTAC10 affects the accumulation of plastid-encoded RNA polymerase complexes in Arabidopsis.

The transcription of photosynthesis genes in chloroplasts is largely mediated by the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP), which resembles prokaryotic-type RNA polymerases, but with plant-specific accessory subunits known as plastid transcriptionally active chromosome proteins (pTACs) or PEP-associated proteins (PAPs). However, whether additional factors are involved in the biogenesis of PEP complexes remains unknown. Here, we investigated the function of an essential gene, PALE CRESS (PAC), in the accumulation of PEP complexes in chloroplasts.

Statistically Optimal Cue Integration During Human Spatial Navigation.

In 2007, Cheng and colleagues published their influential review wherein they analyzed the literature on spatial cue interaction during navigation through a Bayesian lens, and concluded that models of optimal cue integration often applied in psychophysical studies could explain cue interaction during navigation. Since then, numerous empirical investigations have been conducted to assess the degree to which human navigators are optimal when integrating multiple spatial cues during a variety of navigation-related tasks. In the current review, we discuss the literature on human cue integration during navigation that has been published since Cheng et al.

Chloroplast SRP54 and FtsH protease coordinate thylakoid membrane-associated proteostasis in Arabidopsis.

Thylakoid membrane protein quality control (PQC), which requires the coordination of membrane protein translocation and degradation of unassembled proteins, determines chloroplast development during de-etiolation. Despite numerous efforts, the regulation of this process in land plants is largely unknown. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of pale green Arabidopsis4 (pga4) mutants in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) with defects in chloroplast development during de-etiolation.

Prior knowledge-based precise diagnosis of blend sign from head computed tomography.

Introduction: Automated diagnosis of intracranial hemorrhage on head computed tomography (CT) plays a decisive role in clinical management. This paper presents a prior knowledge-based precise diagnosis of blend sign network from head CT scans.

Method: We employ the object detection task as an auxiliary task in addition to the classification task, which could incorporate the hemorrhage location as prior knowledge into the detection framework.

PD-L1 Aptamer-Functionalized Metal-Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Robust Photo-Immunotherapy against Cancer with Enhanced Safety.

Immune checkpoint blockade has become a paradigm-shifting treatment modality to combat cancer, while conventional administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as anti-PD-L1 antibody (α-PD-L1), often shows unsatisfactory immune responses and lead to severe immune-related adverse effects (irAEs). Herein, we develop a PD-L1 aptamer-based spherical nucleic acids (SNAs), which consists of oxaliplatin (OXA) encapsulated in a metal-organic framework nanoparticle core and a dense shell of aptPD-L1 (denoted as M@O-A). Upon light irradiation, this nanosystem enables concurrent photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy, and enhanced immunotherapy in one shot to inhibit both primary colorectal tumors and untreated distant tumors in mice.

Sources of systematic errors in human path integration.

Triangle completion is a task widely used to study human path integration, an important navigation method relying on idiothetic cues. Systematic biases (compression patterns in the inbound responses) have been well documented in human triangle completion. However, the sources of systematic biases remain controversial.

The value of CT radiomic in differentiating mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia from streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia with similar consolidation in children under 5 years.

Objective: To investigate the value of CT radiomics in the differentiation of mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) from streptococcus pneumoniae pneumonia (SPP) with similar CT manifestations in children under 5 years.

Methods: A total of 102 children with MPP ( = 52) or SPP ( = 50) with similar consolidation and surrounding halo on CT images in Qilu Hospital and Qilu Children's Hospital between January 2017 and March 2022 were enrolled in the retrospective study. Radiomic features of the both lesions on plain CT images were extracted including the consolidation part of the pneumonia or both consolidation and surrounding halo area which were respectively delineated at region of interest (ROI) areas on the maximum axial image.

Chloroplast envelope ATPase PGA1/AtFtsH12 is required for chloroplast protein accumulation and cytosol-chloroplast protein homeostasis in Arabidopsis.

The establishment of photosynthetic protein complexes during chloroplast development requires the influx of a large number of chloroplast proteins that are encoded by the nuclear genome, which is critical for cytosol and chloroplast protein homeostasis and chloroplast development. However, the mechanisms regulating this process are still not well understood in higher plants. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the pale green Arabidopsis pga1-1 mutant, which is defective in chloroplast development and chloroplast protein accumulation.

Assessment of Changes in the Cesarean Scar and Uterus Between One and Two Years after Cesarean Section Using 3D T2w SPACE MRI.

Objective To evaluate changes in morphology of the cesarean scar and uterus between one and two years after cesarean section using high-resolution, three dimensional T2-weighted sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolutions Magnetic Resonance Imaging (3D T2w SPACE MRI). Methods This prospective study was performed to investigate morphological changes in the cesarean scars and uterus from one to two years after cesarean section using high-resolution, 3D T2w SPACE MRI. The healthy volunteers having no childbearing history were recruited as the controls.

Deep Learning for Fully Automated Prediction of Overall Survival in Patients Undergoing Resection for Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Objective: To develop an imaging-derived biomarker for prediction of overall survival (OS) of pancreatic cancer by analyzing preoperative multiphase contrast-enhanced computed topography (CECT) using deep learning.

Background: Exploiting prognostic biomarkers for guiding neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment decisions may potentially improve outcomes in patients with resectable pancreatic cancer.

Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study included 1516 patients with resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) from 5 centers located in China.

VAR2/AtFtsH2 and EVR2/BCM1/CBD1 synergistically regulate the accumulation of PSII reaction centre D1 protein during de-etiolation in Arabidopsis.

Thylakoid FtsH complex participates in PSII repair cycle during high light-induced photoinhibition. The Arabidopsis yellow variegated2 (var2) mutants are defective in the VAR2/AtFtsH2 subunit of thylakoid FtsH complex. Taking advantage of the var2 leaf variegation phenotype, dissections of genetic enhancer loci have yielded novel paradigms in understanding functions of thylakoid FtsH complex.

Synergistic ferroptosis-gemcitabine chemotherapy of the gemcitabine loaded carbonaceous nanozymes to enhance the treatment and magnetic resonance imaging monitoring of pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the deadliest cancers, and it is resistant to most conventional antineoplastic therapies. To address this challenge, gemcitabine (Gem)-loaded carbonaceous nanoparticles (MFC-Gem) as nanozymes and a theranostic platform were fabricated and used for MR-guided ferroptosis-chemo synergetic therapy of PDAC. As a biocompatible carrier, MFC-Gem nanoparticles are regarded as peroxidase-like and glutathione peroxidase-like nanozymes that promote ferroptosis therapy by effectively generating ROS and consuming GSH.

MRI-based radiomics analysis improves preoperative diagnostic performance for the depth of stromal invasion in patients with early stage cervical cancer.

Background: The depth of cervical stromal invasion is one of the important prognostic factors affecting decision-making for early stage cervical cancer (CC). This study aimed to develop and validate a T2-weighted imaging (T2WI)-based radiomics model and explore independent risk factors (factors with statistical significance in both univariate and multivariate analyses) of middle or deep stromal invasion in early stage CC.

Methods: Between March 2017 and March 2021, a total of 234 International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics IB1-IIA1 CC patients were enrolled and randomly divided into a training cohort (n = 188) and a validation cohort (n = 46).

MRI-derived radiomics analysis improves the noninvasive pretreatment identification of multimodality therapy candidates with early-stage cervical cancer.

Objectives: To develop and validate a clinical-radiomics model that incorporates radiomics signatures and pretreatment clinicopathological parameters to identify multimodality therapy candidates among patients with early-stage cervical cancer.

Methods: Between January 2017 and February 2021, 235 patients with IB1-IIA1 cervical cancer who underwent radical hysterectomy were enrolled and divided into training (n = 194, training:validation = 8:2) and testing (n = 41) sets according to surgical time. The radiomics features of each patient were extracted from preoperative sagittal T2-weighted images.

Using amide proton transfer-weighted MRI to non-invasively differentiate mismatch repair deficient and proficient tumors in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Objectives: To investigate the utility of three-dimensional (3D) amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) imaging to differentiate mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) and mismatch repair proficient (pMMR) tumors in endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma (EEA).

Methods: Forty-nine patients with EEA underwent T1-weighted imaging, T2-weighted imaging, 3D APTw imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging at 3 T MRI. Image quality and measurement confidence of APTw images were evaluated on a 5-point Likert scale.

Tumoral Morphologic Features From Cervical Biopsies That Are Predictive of a Negligible Risk for Nodal Metastasis and Tumor Recurrence in Usual-type Cervical Adenocarcinomas: A Multi-institutional Study.

The metastatic or recurrent potential of localized human papillomavirus-associated endocervical adenocarcinoma (HPVA EAC) is difficult to predict, especially based upon biopsy alone. Recent analyses of small cohorts indicate that high tumor nuclear grade (TNG) and the presence of necrotic tumor debris (NTD) from HPVA EACs in cervical biopsy specimens are highly predictive of nodal metastasis (NM). In the present study, we aimed to investigate how reliably tumoral morphologic features from cervical biopsy specimens predict NM or tumor recurrence (TR) and patient outcomes in a large cohort of endocervical adenocarcinoma patients.

Three-dimensional MR Elastography Depicts Liver Inflammation, Fibrosis, and Portal Hypertension in Chronic Hepatitis B or C.

Background The value of measuring mechanical properties to categorize various pathophysiologic states of the liver is as yet undetermined in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) or C (CHC). Purpose To evaluate multiparametric three-dimensional (3D) MR elastography as a means of detecting early necroinflammation, distinguishing necroinflammation from fibrosis, and gauging the severity of portal hypertension (PH) in CHB or CHC. Materials and Methods From January 2015 to September 2019, participants with CHB or CHC were prospectively enrolled from a single institution and were divided into two groups: those with liver biopsy and no evidence of PH (group 1) and those with PH and a hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) measurement (group 2).

Cue combination in goal-oriented navigation.

This study examined cue combination of self-motion and landmark cues in goal-localisation. In an immersive virtual environment, before walking a two-leg path, participants learned the locations of three goal objects (one at the path origin, that is, home) and landmarks. After walking the path without seeing landmarks or goals, participants indicated the locations of the home and non-home goals in four conditions: (1) path integration only, (2) landmarks only, (3) both path integration and the landmarks, and (4) path integration and rotated landmarks.