The joint effects of inflammation and renal function status on in-hospital outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with intravenous thrombolysis.

Objective: We aimed to determine the predictive value of renal function status [estimating glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)] in conjunction with inflammatory biomarkers [white blood cell(WBC) and C-reactive protein (CRP)] for in-hospital outcomes in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).

Methods: We retrospectively screened a total of 409 AIS patients treated with IVT. The study participants were classified into two groups according to post-stroke pneumonia or functional outcome.

Risks of bleeding and thromboembolic events in patients undergoing colonoscopy on uninterrupted and interrupted anticoagulant therapy in real-world setting.

Background: Although anticoagulants may potentially increase the risk of post-colonoscopy bleeding events, temporary discontinuation of medications could elevate the risk of thromboembolism (TE). There is a paucity of data regarding the incidence of bleeding and TE events in patients undergoing colonoscopy while on uninterrupted or interrupted anticoagulant therapy. Therefore, we aimed to ascertain the risks of post-colonoscopy TE and bleeding in patients with continuous or interrupted use of anticoagulant agents.

A comprehensive survey of bat sarbecoviruses across China in relation to the origins of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2.

SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 have been thought to originate from bats. In this study, we screened pharyngeal and anal swabs from 13 064 bats collected between 2016 and 2021 at 703 locations across China for sarbecoviruses, covering almost all known southern hotspots, and found 146 new bat sarbecoviruses. Phylogenetic analyses of all available sarbecoviruses show that there are three different lineages-L1 as SARS-CoV-related CoVs (SARSr-CoVs), L2 as SARS-CoV-2-related CoVs (SC2r-CoVs) and novel L-R (recombinants of L1 and L2)-present in bats, in the mainland of China.

Combined Role of Inflammatory Biomarkers and Red Blood Cell Distribution Width in Predicting In-hospital Outcomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients Undergoing Thrombolysis.

Background: To investigate the combined effect of red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and inflammatory biomarkers on in-hospital outcomes of acute ischemic stroke(AIS) patients with thrombolysis.

Methods: 417 AIS patients with thrombolysis were included. The participants were divided into four groups according to the cut-off of white blood cell (WBC) or C reactive protein (CRP) and RDW: LWLR, LWHR, HWLR, and HWHR; or LCLR, LCHR, HCLR, and HCHR (L-low, Hhigh, W-WBC, C-CRP, R-RDW).

A new clinical score to predict the possibility of stroke patients receiving intravenous thrombolysis.

Background: We aimed to develop and validate a clinical score to identify the factors which contribute to variation in, and influence clinician's decision-making about treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients with Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT).

Methods: We retrospectively included consecutive AIS patients within 4.5 hours after onset in the emergency department (ED), who were admitted to a comprehensive stroke center in Jiangsu province, China.

The amino acid and carnitine concentration changes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from lung cancer patients.

Objective: To screen out potential biomarkers by analyzing fundamental nutrients in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) before confirming the lung cancer.

Methods: In this study, 44 patients were enrolled with clinical information. The concentrations of 23 amino acids and 35 carnitines in their BALF were detected with the high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS).

Combined prognostic significance of white blood cell count and D-dimer on in-hospital outcomes of acute ischemic stroke.

Background And Aims: The prognostic significance of combination of white blood cell (WBC) and D-dimer on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains to be explored. We aimed to investigate the combined effect of WBC and D-dimer levels on in-hospital outcomes of AIS patients.

Methods And Results: 801 AIS patients were included.

Genetic Characteristics of Human Parainfluenza Virus Types 1-4 From Patients With Clinical Respiratory Tract Infection in China.

Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIV1-4) cause acute respiratory tract infections, thereby impacting human health worldwide. However, there are no current effective antivirals or licensed vaccines for infection prevention. Moreover, sequence information for human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) circulating in China is inadequate.

Does prolonged emergency department length of stay(EDLOS) affect the outcomes of acute ischemic stroke patients?

Background And Purpose: The effect of emergency department length of stay (EDLOS) on outcomes of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains largely unexamined. We aimed to investigate the association between EDLOS and outcomes in AIS patients.

Methods: 618 AIS patients were enrolled.

Factors Associated with Pre-Hospital Delay and Intravenous Thrombolysis in China.

Background: Pre-hospital delay was a critical factor affecting stroke patients receiving intravenous thrombolytic therapy. The aim of this study was to explore the factors associated with pre-hospital delay and thrombolysis in China.

Methods: Patient data were obtained from emergency department (ED), and the factors of patient pre-hospital delay were recorded through a well-designed form.

Distinct lung microbial community states in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis.

An improved understanding of the lung microbiome may lead to better strategies to diagnose, treat, and prevent pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). However, the characteristics of the lung microbiomes of patients with TB remain largely undefined. In this study, 163 bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples were collected from 163 sputum-negative suspected PTB patients.

A Whole-genome Sequencing Analysis of Isolates in China: An Observational Study.

Background: Tracking the spread of the strains with decreased susceptibility or resistance to cephalosporins is a major priority for global surveillance programmes. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) has been widely used by increasing countries in North America, Europe, and Pacific to determine the decreased susceptible or resistance determinants of , track the spread of these determinants throughout the gonococcal population at national or regional level. However, no studies to date have examined the genomic epidemiology of gonorrhea in Asia where the antimicrobial resistant strains of appears to have emerged before disseminating the strains globally.

Polysialic-Acid-Based Micelles Promote Neural Regeneration in Spinal Cord Injury Therapy.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) routinely causes the immediate loss and disruption of neurons followed by complicated secondary injuries, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and dense glial scar formation. Inhibitory factors in the lesion scar and poor intrinsic neural regeneration capacity restrict functional recovery after injury. Minocycline, which has neuroprotective activity, can alleviate secondary injury, but the long-term administration of this drug may cause toxicity.

The impact of combined gene mutations in inhA and ahpC genes on high levels of isoniazid resistance amongst katG non-315 in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis isolates from China.

Whole-genome sequencing was used to analyze the profiles of isoniazid (INH) resistance-related mutations among 188 multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and mono-INH-resistant isolates collected in a recent Chinese national survey. Mutations were detected in 18 structural genes and two promoter regions in 96.8% of 188 resistant isolates.

Comparative analysis of rodent and small mammal viromes to better understand the wildlife origin of emerging infectious diseases.

Background: Rodents represent around 43% of all mammalian species, are widely distributed, and are the natural reservoirs of a diverse group of zoonotic viruses, including hantaviruses, Lassa viruses, and tick-borne encephalitis viruses. Thus, analyzing the viral diversity harbored by rodents could assist efforts to predict and reduce the risk of future emergence of zoonotic viral diseases.

Results: We used next-generation sequencing metagenomic analysis to survey for a range of mammalian viral families in rodents and other small animals of the orders Rodentia, Lagomorpha, and Soricomorpha in China.

Sialic Acid-Functionalized pH-Triggered Micelles for Enhanced Tumor Tissue Accumulation and Active Cellular Internalization of Orthotopic Hepatocarcinoma.

Both targeted and stimuli-sensitive drug-delivery systems (DDSs) have been developed to augment antitumor effects. However, lack of knowledge regarding tumor tissue targeting and different effects of the stimuli-sensitive DDSs in orthotropic and ectopic tumors have impeded further advances in their clinical applications. Herein, we first reported a pH-triggered micelle with sialic acid (SA)-driven targeting ability (SA-poly(ethylene glycol)-hydrazone linker-doxorubicin (DOX), SPD).

Gut microbiota associated with pulmonary tuberculosis and dysbiosis caused by anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Background: An improved understanding of the gut microbiota could lead to better strategies for the diagnosis, therapy and prophylaxis of tuberculosis (TB). The impact of both Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection and anti-TB treatment on the gut microbiota has rarely been studied.

Methods: We characterized the diversity and composition of the gut microbiota in pulmonary TB patients as well as the effects of anti-TB drugs on the gut microbiota.

Clinically prevalent mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis alter propionate metabolism and mediate multidrug tolerance.

The global epidemic of drug-resistant tuberculosis is a catastrophic example of how antimicrobial resistance is undermining the public health gains made possible by combination drug therapy. Recent evidence points to unappreciated bacterial factors that accelerate the emergence of drug resistance. In a genome-wide association study of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from China, we find mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor prpR enriched in drug-resistant strains.

Validation of the Chinese Version of the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) Score in the Assessment of Acute Stroke Patients with Dysphagia.

This study aimed to validate the Chinese version of the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) score in acute stroke patients with dysphagia. A sample of 128 consecutive patients with acute stroke, admitted to Department of Neurology from April to October in 2016, completed the FOIS. The interrater reliability, criterion validity, discriminant validity, cross validation, and the sensitivity of FOIS scale were evaluated.

Psychological Capital and Perceived Professional Benefits: Testing the Mediating Role of Perceived Nursing Work Environment Among Chinese Nurses.

The current descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to explore the mediating role of perceived nursing work environment (PNWE) in the relationship between psychological capital (PsyCap) and perceived professional benefits among Chinese nurses. Participants (N = 351) working in two large general hospitals in Guangdong, China completed self-report questionnaires from March to May 2017. Linear regression analyses and structural equation modeling were performed to explore the mediating effect.